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Initial and final state temperature of in Beam Energy Scan of Au–Au collisions at RHIC energies

The European Physical Journal Plus 2024年第5期139卷 1-11页

作者： Waqas, Muhammad Ajaz, Muhammad Saidani, Taoufik Haj Ismail, Abd Al Karim School of Mathematics Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan People’s Republic of China Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Mardan Pakistan Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Northern Border University Rafha Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and Science Ajman University Ajman UAE

To determine the center of mass energy at which ordinary matter undergoes a transition to hot and dense matter, we employed a combination of the blast wave model and Tsallis statistics. Specifically, we analyzed the transverse momentum spectra of resonance particles (in this case, $$K^{*0}$$ ) produced in different centrality intervals during Au–Au collisions at various energies ranging from $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 7.7$$ to 39 GeV. Our findings include the phase transition from hadronic matter to the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), and a quick expansion of the system at higher energies and in more central collisions, and disclose the fact that the central collision system, as well as the systems with higher center of mass energies, are easy to be in equilibrium. Our observations indicate a phase transition occurring from ordinary hadronic matter to the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) state in the final stages of collisions but not in the initial stages. Besides, we presented the correlation of $$T_0$$ with various parameters and reported the higher excitation degree of the fireball and its rapid expansion. Our results can provide further insights into the role of the fluctuations in thermal excitation and collective expansion.

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An Overview of Machine Learning Applications in Blockchain for Green Energy Exchanges

An Overview of Machine Learning Applications in Blockchain f...

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Power Engineering Conference (SAUPEC), Southern African Universities

作者： Pfano Nemakonde Fhulufhelo Nemangwele Mukovhe Ratshitanga Dept. of Physics Faculty Science Engineering and Agriculture University of Venda Thohoyandou South Africa Dept. of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering Cape Peninsula University of Technology Bellville South Africa

ISBN: (数字)9798331535162

ISBN: (纸本)9798331535179

There is an increasing demand for affordable, decentralised and distributed electricity, which is one of the key motivating factors that has incentivised this review article's writing. Industrial 4.0 has been a conduit through which the conventional grids shift towards a self-autonomous system, and blockchain platforms are emerging as viable solutions to facilitate that paradigm. With the advent of peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading, community-based energy exchanges have significantly contributed to reduced grid dependency. Machine learning (ML) is being implemented in predictive analytics for energy forecasting (EF), thereby aiding both distribution network operators (DNOs) and aggregators to precisely and predictably monitor, optimise and stabilise grid operations through smart agents. The main aim of this review paper is to provide a detailed analysis of the existing research and implementation approaches on blockchain-based P2P energy trading and a comparative overview of how ML applications aid predictive analytics in community-based energy exchanges.

关键词： Green energy Power engineering Reviews Machine learning Smart grids Peer-to-peer computing Blockchains Predictive analytics Forecasting Monitoring

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Calcification Alters the Viscoelastic Properties of Tendon Fascicle Bundles Depending on Matrix Content

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Dabrowska, Sylwia Ekiert-Radecka, Martyna Karbowniczek, Joanna Weglarz, Wladyslaw P. Heljak, Marcin Lojkowski, Maciej Obuchowicz, Rafal Swieszkowski, Wojciech Mlyniec, Andrzej AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Krakow Poland AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science Krakow Poland Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Krakow Poland Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Warsaw Poland Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum Department of Radiology Krakow Poland Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland

Tendon fascicle bundles are often used as a material for biological grafts in the repair of anterior cruciate ligaments. Tendons intended for biostatic allogenic grafts must meet certain requirements ensuring the appropriate quality of the graft, such as excluding calcifications, which alter the biomechanical properties of soft tissues. In this work, we investigate the influence of early-stage calcification on the mechanical and structural properties of tendon fascicle bundles with varying matrix content. The calcification process was modeled using incubation of the samples in concentrated simulated body fluid. Mechanical and structural properties were investigated using uniaxial tests with relaxation periods and hysteresis, dynamic mechanical analysis, as well as 9.4T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Mechanical tests showed that the initial phase of calcification causes an increase in the elasticity, storage, and loss modulus, as well as a drop in the normalized value of hysteresis. Further calcification of the samples results in decreased modulus of elasticity and a slight increase in the normalized value of hysteresis. Analysis via MRI and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that incubation alters fibrillar relationships within the tendon structure as well as the flow of body fluids. In the initial stage of calcification, hydroxyapatite crystals are barely visible;however, extending the incubation time for the next 14 days results in the appearance of hydroxyapatite crystals within the tendon structure and leads to damage in its structure. Our results show that the calcification process modifies the collagen-matrix relationships and leads to a change in their mechanical properties. Comparison of results from mechanical tests, SEM, and MRI provides new information regarding the impact of the calcification process on the static and dynamic properties of the tendon, as well as changes in the tendon structure. These findings w

关键词： Bone

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Model Free Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Controller for Setpoint Tracking of Non-Minimum Phase Systems

Model Free Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Controller for...

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UKACC International Conference on Control (CONTROL)

作者： Fatemeh Tavakkoli Pouria Sarhadi Benoit Clement Wasif Naeem Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Babol Iran School of Physics Engineering and Computer Science University of Hertfordshire Hertfordshire UK ENSTA Bretagne CROSSING ILR CNRS 2010 and Flinders University Australia School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen's University Belfast UK

ISBN: (数字)9798350374261

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374278

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) techniques have received significant attention in control and decision-making algorithms. Most applications involve complex decision-making systems, justified by the algorithms' computational power and cost. While model-based versions are emerging, model-free DRL approaches are intriguing for their independence from models, yet they remain relatively less explored in terms of performance, particularly in applied control. This study conducts a thorough performance analysis comparing the data-driven DRL paradigm with a classical state feedback controller, both designed based on the same cost (reward) function of the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) problem. Twelve additional performance criteria are introduced to assess the controllers' performance, independent of the LQR problem for which they are designed. Two Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG)-based controllers are developed, leveraging DDPG's widespread reputation. These controllers are aimed at addressing a challenging setpoint tracking problem in a Non-Minimum Phase (NMP) system. The performance and robustness of the controllers are assessed in the presence of operational challenges, including disturbance, noise, initial conditions, and model uncertainties. The findings suggest that the DDPG controller demonstrates promising behavior under rigorous test conditions. Nevertheless, further improvements are necessary for the DDPG controller to outperform classical methods in all criteria. While DRL algorithms may excel in complex environments owing to the flexibility in the reward function definition, this paper offers practical insights and a comparison framework specifically designed to evaluate these algorithms within the context of control engineering.

关键词： Training State feedback Uncertainty Costs Computational modeling Decision making Noise

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High Efficiency and Optically Transparent 2D-MoS2 Heaters for Silicon Photonics

High Efficiency and Optically Transparent 2D-MoS2 Heaters fo...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Dor Oz Nathan Suleymanov Boris Minkovich Vladislav Kostianovskii Liron Gantz Dmitry Polyushkin Thomas Mueller Ilya Goykhman The Faculty of Science and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute of Applied Physics The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technion Haifa Israel NVIDIA Israel LTD Yokneam Israel Institute of Photonics Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria

We experimentally demonstrate the first 1L-MoS2 microheater integrated with a silicon MRR, showing the best-reported power efficiency of ~7.5 mW/n with no significant penalty on insertion loss when placed close to the... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Optical losses Heating systems Optical resonators Insertion loss Lasers and electrooptics Silicon photonics Electro-optical waveguides

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TOWARDS IMPROVING THE SENSITIVITY OF THE CPT SYMMETRY IN POSITRONIUM DECAYS WITH THE MODULAR J-PET DETECTOR

Acta Physica Polonica B, Proceedings Supplement

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Acta Physica Polonica B, Proceedings Supplement 2022年第4期15卷

作者： Chug, N. Gajos, A. Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland and Center for Theranostics Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland

The Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomograph (J-PET) is the first plastic scintillator-based tomographic device used to test discrete symmetries in the charged leptonic sector. One of such tests is for the CPT symmetry, under the combined transformation of charge, parity, and time reversal in the decays of positronium atoms. J-PET performed its first measurement for the CPT symmetry test by searching for non-vanishing CPT-violating angular correlations between the spin and orientation of the decay plane of ortho-positronium (o-Ps) atoms, which is the triplet state of positronium. The sensitivity of testing CPT symmetry with the J-PET detector reaches the precision level of 10−4. Here, we will discuss the prospects of improving the sensitivity of this test beyond the level of 10−4 by enhancing the photon registration efficiency using a new layer of densely packed plastic scintillators and a spherical annihilation chamber as a positronium production medium. © 2022 Jagellonian university. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scintillation counters

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Parametric activation functions modelling fuzzy connectives for better explainability of neural models 20

Parametric activation functions modelling fuzzy connectives ...

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20th IEEE Jubilee International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, SISY 2022

作者： Pusztahazi, Luca Sara Csiszar, Gabor Gashler, Michael S. Csiszar, Orsolya Physiological Control Research Center Obuda University Budapest Hungary Applied Informatics and Applied Mathematics Doctoral School Obuda University Budapest Hungary Institute of Materials Physics University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany SupplyPike Fayetteville Arkansas72703 United States Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Aalen University Aalen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665489881

In this work, a neuro-fuzzy hybrid deep learning model is presented for finding human-readable relationships between input features with the help of nilpotent fuzzy logic and multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). In the neural network a parameterized, differentiable activation function is used, where the parameter is determined by gradient descent. The goal is to find the optimal regularization value by applying the deep learning model to classification problems from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Fuzzy inference

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Secrecy Performance of Joint Antenna and User Selection in Cognitive Ambient Backscattering Communications

Secrecy Performance of Joint Antenna and User Selection in C...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular technology (VTC)

作者： Ahmed N. Elbattrawy Ahmed H. Abd El-Malek Sherif I. Rabia Waheed K. Zahra Basic and Applied Sciences Institute Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST) New Borg El-Arab City Alexandria Egypt School of Electronics Communications and Computer Engineering Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology New Borg El-Arab City Alexandria Egypt Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics Faculty of Engineering Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798331517786

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517793

In this work, we investigate the security performance of an underlay cognitive radio network (CRN) with ambient backscatter communication (AmBC), where a backscattering device (BD) shares the spectrum and the receivers with the secondary user. Different from the related work, we consider a secondary user transmitter (ST) with multiple antenna in an AmBC-CRN with multiple receivers and multiple passive eavesdroppers. The ST performs joint antenna-user selection to enhance its security performance and overcome the performance degradation caused by BD interference. Considering the Nakagami-m fading model, closed-form expressions are derived for the secrecy outage probability for both the ST and the BD transmissions. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to validate the derived closed-form expressions. Numerical results show that employing joint antenna-user selection enhances the ST security performance by exploiting antenna and user diversity.

关键词： Performance evaluation Fading channels Vehicular and wireless technologies Closed-form solutions System performance Radio transmitters Receiving antennas Interference MIMO communication Backscatter

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Modification of electrospun PI membranes with active chlorine for antimicrobial skin patches applications

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applied Surface science 2022年 592卷

作者： Sroczyk, Ewa A. Bryant, Jack A. de Cogan, Felicity Knapczyk-Korczak, Joanna Marzec, Mateusz M. Szewczyk, Piotr K. Banzhaf, Manuel Stachewicz, Urszula AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science Cracow30-023 Poland University of Birmingham Institute for Microbiology and Infection B15 2TT Birmingham United Kingdom AGH University of Science and Technology Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology Cracow30-001 Poland

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common andcomplex disorder caused by many inherently intractable factors. One of the symptoms is an increased amount of Staphylococcus aureus on the skin surface. These bacteria trigger, accelerate, and exacerbate AD. In order to reduce inflammation, we designed antimicrobial patches, which inhibit bacterial growth. Using electrospinning, we produced polyimide (PI) nanofibers collected in the form of porous membranes. These PI membranes were modified with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). The active chlorine content was confirmed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with secondary electrons (SE) mode, backscattered electrons (BSE) mode, and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Moreover, we evaluated the wettability and zeta potential of the patches. Finally, we performed an antimicrobial efficacy assay against the Gram-positive model organism S. aureus and the Gram-negative model, Escherichia coli. We observed that the chlorinated PI patches demonstrate effective bacterial killing, making them excellent material for antimicrobial skin patches applications. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Polyimides

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Automatic Story Generation Based on Graph Model Using Godot Engine 19th

Automatic Story Generation Based on Graph Model Using Godot ...

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19th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing, ICAISC 2020

作者： Grabska-Gradzińska, Iwona Nowak, Leszek Grabska, Ewa Department of Games Technology Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland Department of Information Technologies Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland Department of Design and Computer Graphics Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783030614003

This paper deals with storytelling aspects of computer games. A new approach to automatic story generation based on graph modelling is proposed. Godot Engine for visualization of output stories is used. In our research the plot is represented by a specific graph called the layered graph composed of story building blocks, namely layer of locations, layer of characters, layer of items, layer of narration and plot dependencies. An appropriate set of graph rules (productions) stored in JSON format is a generative tool for the building blocks. Graph rules are internal representation of actions which can be taken by the hero of the story. A sequence of the rules from start to end can describe the whole gameplay of one player or can be generated in automatic way as a possible gameplay. All such sequences of the rules create the space of all potential gameplays. Every rule corresponds to a certain animation made in Godot Engine. It allows to visualize every possible story, represented by sequence of rules, by seamless animation. Given a rule, animation is based on graphic assets corresponding to the rule nodes of the layered graph. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Animation

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