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Monitoring smoothly degrading systems for increased dependability

Empirical Software Engineering 1997年第1期2卷 59-77页

作者： Avritzer, Alberto Weyuker, Elaine J. AT&T Network Computing Services Div Red Hill United States

A strategy is presented for determining when it is advantageous to take some action to restore a system to full capacity. A determination is made of the types of data that need to be collected and circumstances under which the strategy is likely to be useful. Production traffic data is presented for a very large industrial telecommunications project, and the strategy is applied. An investigation is made of when the application of the strategy leads to increased system availability and decreased packet loss experienced by users.

关键词： Software engineering

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Evolution of optical transport in the at&t network

Evolution of optical transport in the AT&T network

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Proceedings of the 1998 Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OFC'98

作者： Clark, Laurel AT&T Network and Computing Services Holmdel United States

Achievement of a more physically diversified multiple vendor environment is desirable. Despite the ubiquity of SONEt equipment, the absence of a true mid-span meet in long-haul SONEt optical transmission systems makes this a challenging achievement that leads to an examination of the network transport architecture for other opportunities to facilitate other multiple vendor transport infrastructure environment. One such opportunity can be created by the separation of the optical and SONEt layers through the use of optoelectronic converters and the utilization of low-cost standardized optical interfaces. the resulting `stand-alone' WDM optical transmission systems can be directly connected to SONEt equipment or other optical transmission equipment.

关键词： Optical communication

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Acoustic variability in spontaneous conversational speech of American English talkers

Acoustic variability in spontaneous conversational speech of...

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Proceedings of the 1996 International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, ICSLP. Part 1 (of 4)

作者： Syrdal, Ann K. AT&T Network and Computing Services Holmdel United States

Speaker variability strongly impacts human perception and technology performance, yet large-scale, systematic study of the acoustic characteristics involved is rarely undertaken. this study provides statistics on selected segmental and suprasegmental acoustic parameters from measures made on spontaneous conversational telephone speech from 160 speakers in the Switchboard Corpus. Since spontaneous conversational speech is more dynamically variable than read speech and is representative of actual human communication, it was preferred for our applied research purposes.

关键词： Speech communication

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Investigating metrics for architectural assessment

Investigating metrics for architectural assessment

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Proceedings of the 1998 5th International Software Metrics Symposium

作者： Avritzer, Alberto Weyuker, Elaine J. AT&T Network Computing Services Red Hill United States

An empirical study is described using data collected during 50 architecture audits of large industrial telecommunications systems performed over a period of two years. the goal of this study was to develop metrics that could be used to differentiate between projects that are at high risk of failure and those at low risk. these metrics would be computed following an architecture audit before coding has begun, allowing measures to be taken to correct identified problems very early in the development lifecycle. Detailed information is presented about the use of the proposed risk prediction metric for seven of the systems for which we provided architecture audits.

关键词： Computer architecture

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Enforcing quality of service of distributed objects

Enforcing quality of service of distributed objects

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Proceedings of the 1997 8th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering, ISSRE

作者： Avritzer, Alberto Weyuker, Elaine J. AT&T Network Computing Services Red Hill United States

three algorithms designed to enforce different quality of service criteria are presented, as well as empirical assessments of the algorithms for three large industrial telecommunications systems. these assessments are made in terms of the simulated performance of each system on average loads selected from operational distributions collected during beta release and field use. In addition, synthetic heavy loads designed to cause the overall CPU utilization rates to exceed 90% of capacity were run. the algorithms build on previously defined load testing algorithms, and use parameters and operational distributions computed for that purpose. this makes the quality of service enforcement algorithms particularly efficient. the primary bases for the assessment of the algorithms were the overall deviation of the response time from the average, and the fraction of service requests that were throttled from clients under varying conditions.

关键词： Distributed computer systems

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Detecting failed processes using fault signatures

Detecting failed processes using fault signatures

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Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE International Computer Performance & Dependability Symposium

作者： Avritzer, Alberto Weyuker, Elaine J. AT&T Network Computing Services Red Hill United States

A strategy is presented for automatically identifying processes that have failed. A determination is made of the types of data that need to be collected, and circumstances under which the approach is likely to be useful. the strategy is applied to generate signatures for three different types of workloads, and several different resources. A typical failure is injected into the process, and the associated signatures are presented for the same workloads and resources. A measure is defined that is used to determine whether or not a signature is likely to be indicative of a faulty process.

关键词： Fault tolerant computer systems

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Assessing software reliability performance under highly critical but infrequent event occurrences

Assessing software reliability performance under highly crit...

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International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE)

作者： M.S. Alam W.H. Chen W.K. Ehrlich M.E. Engel D.A. Kropfl P. Verma Operations Technology Center AT&T Network Computing Services Middletown NJ USA

Operational testing is expensive and time-consuming in applications with highly critical but infrequent event occurrences, and procedures are needed for obtaining valid software reliability estimates. two such procedures are accelerated stress testing and experimental design techniques. Examples of accelerated stress in software include: a higher request arrival rate, increasing data traffic "burstiness", and so on. Furthermore, when the software is tested by executing the system under emergency conditions or exception events, it is critical that experimental design techniques are used to account for "carry-over" effects in failure performance. An application of software reliability testing of a telecommunication system node controller is used to describe the issues and our overall approach to software reliability assessment. the reliability projections based on our approach are compared to reliability estimates derived analytically and through simulation. Our results suggest that these statistical techniques are useful techniques for measuring reliability performance under critical events that have a low probability of occurrence.

关键词： Software reliability Software testing Application software Stress Design for experiments System testing Life estimation Acceleration Communication system traffic control Software performance

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Detecting failed processes using fault signatures

Detecting failed processes using fault signatures

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International Computer Performance and Dependability Symposium

作者： A. Avritzer E.J. Weyuker AT&T Network Computing Services Redhill NJ USA AT and T Research Laboratories Murray Hill NJ USA

A strategy is presented for automatically identifying processes that have failed. A determination is made of the types of data that need to be collected, and circumstances under which the approach is likely to be useful. the strategy is applied to generate signatures for three different types of workloads, and several different resources. A typical failure is injected into the process, and the associated signatures are presented for the same workloads and resources. A measure as defined that is used to determine whether or not a signature is likely to be indicative of a faulty process.

关键词： Fault detection Heart beat Degradation Costs Lakes Signal processing Monitoring Application software Computer networks Software measurement

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Enforcing quality of service of distributed objects

Enforcing quality of service of distributed objects

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International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE)

作者： A. Avritzer E.J. Weyuker AT&T Network Computing Services Redhill NJ USA AT and T Research Laboratories Florham Park NJ USA

关键词： Quality of service System testing Delay Software testing State-space methods Algorithm design and analysis Communication industry Computer industry Software systems Performance evaluation

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Modeling dynamic collections of interdependent objects using path-based rules 97

Modeling dynamic collections of interdependent objects using...

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Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications

作者： Diane Litman Peter F. Patel-Schneider Anil Mishra AT&T Labs-Research 180 Park Avenue Florham Park NJ AT&T Network and Computing Services 480 Red Hill Road Middletown NJ

ISBN: (纸本)9780897919081

Standard object-oriented languages do not provide language support for modeling changing collections of interdependent objects. We propose that R++, an integration of the rule and object-oriented paradigms, provides a mechanism for easily implementing such models. R++ extends C++ by adding a new programming construct called the path-based rule. Such data-driven rules are restricted to follow pointers between objects, and are like "automatic methods" that are triggered by changes to monitored objects. Path-based rules encourage a more abstract level of programming, and unlike previous rule integrations, are not at odds with the object-oriented paradigm and offer performance advantages for natural applications.

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