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Multiphysics simulation and optimization of the in-situ beneficiation process of ilmenite minerals from lunar regolith

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 195-207页

作者： Peng ZHANG Xin LIU Guanghui LIU Wei DAI Hanzhe YANG Haibo ZHENG Zhi WANG Ran NIU Yifan BAI Yang ZHANG Chengbao LIU Ge YANG Junwei YANG Guang ZHANG Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100094China Beijing Hegong Simulation Co. LtdBeijing100089China

The exploration and utilization of lunar resources have become the major objectives of future lunar exploration *** classified collection and processing of lunar minerals is the basic prerequisite for the in-situ exploration and utilization of lunar *** this study,we propose a scheme for in-situ separation of magnetic minerals from lunar soils using the dry magnetic separation *** scheme can realize the purpose of separating magnetic minerals from lunar regolith by altering the motion trajectory of lunar regolith particles with different magnetic *** modeling of the dry magnetic separation device is conducted,and the three-dimensional distribution of magnetic parameters is calculated and *** on the characterization and analysis of the Chang E-5's samples,the morphologies and physical parameters of lunar regolith particles are modeled and simulated.A discrete element simulation of the motion process of lunar regolith particles under multi-physical field conditions is performed,and the influences of key parameters on the beneficiation performance of lunar magnetic minerals are *** results indicate that optimal separation and beneficiation of lunar regolith particles can be achieved under specific conditions of magnetic field strength and drum ***,we analyze the effects of lunar weak gravity conditions and the charged nature of lunar particles on the beneficiation process,showing that these factors can obviously enhance the beneficiation process of lunar *** study demonstrates the feasibility of using the dry magnetic separation method for the beneficiation of magnetic minerals from lunar regolith,providing a theoretical basis for the scientific tasks of collecting,processing,and utilizing lunar mineral resources.

关键词： Lunar regolith In-situ resource utilization Magnetic separation Classified sampling

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Sustainable Asteroid Mining: Results and methods of team BIT-CAS-DFH for GTOC12

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Astrodynamics 2025年第1期9卷 107-128页

作者： Bo Pang Yangyuxi Sun Guoxu Zhang Yining Zhang Tianhao Zhu Yangxin Wang Zihan Jin Zhaohang Li Lvzheng He Meng Lu Rui Zhou Yongchen Yin Yunong Shang Shengmao He Chao Peng Zhengfan Zhu Yang Zhang Yang Gao Changxuan Wen School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Space Utilization Technology and Engineering Center for Space UtilizationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100094China DFH Satellite Company Beijing100094China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100094China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408China Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering Beijing100076China

The 12th Global Trajectory Optimization Competition challenged teams to design trajectories for mining asteroids and transporting extracted resources back to the Earth. This paper outlines the methods and results of the runner-up team, BIT-CAS-DFH, highlighting an overall analysis of the approach as well as detailed descriptions of the methods used. The approach begins with building databases to reduce computational costs in trajectory design. Then, asteroid sequences are determined. A segmentation-based approach was adopted to efficiently handle the large dataset. Each sequence was divided into four time-based segments. Segments 1 and 4 were generated forward and backward, respectively, using a breadth-first beam search. Candidates for these segments were refined using genetic and greedy algorithms. Segments 2 and 3 were then generated and selected forward and backward based on the results of Segments 1 and 4. Following this, a matching process paired candidates from Segments 2 and 3. With the asteroid sequences established, low-thrust trajectories were optimized using indirect methods. A local optimization strategy was employed to maximize the collected mass by fine-tuning rendezvous timings. The final solution is presented, with comparative analyses against other teams’ approaches.

关键词： Global Trajectory Optimization Competition sustainable asteroid mining multiple asteroid rendezvous low-thrust trajectory optimization

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Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin decorated Vulcan XC-72R carbon nanoparticles for electrochemical sensing analysis of methyl parathion

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Materials Research Innovations 2025年第1期29卷 13-20页

作者： Zhao, Mengyuan Liu, Yunhang Han, Jiale Yang, Chaopu Zhao, Hongyuan School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang China Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou China

In this work, we prepared a sensing platform by utilising the nanocomposite of Vulcan XC-72 R carbon nanoparticles and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD/VXC-72 R) to decorate glassy carbon electrode for detecting MP sensitively. For the β-CD/VXC-72 R composite, VXC-72 R possesses high electroactive area and exceptional electrical conductivity, which is conducive to the generation of interwoven carbon conductive structures. β-CD can effectually facilitate the homogeneous dispersion of VXC-72 R and also enhance the accumulate of MP at the sensing interface. Furthermore, the presence of VXC-72 R compensates for the inherent inferior conductivity of β-CD. The collaborative interaction of VXC-72 R and β-CD enabled the prepared sensor to obtain excellent MP detection properties with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 6.7 nM in MP concentration range of 0.1–10 μM. In addition, the β-CD/VXC-72 R modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) displayed satisfactory repeatability and reproducibility. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Cyclodextrins

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Light-Induced Thermoelastic Spectroscopy Based on VP-MQTF for Simultaneous Measurement C2H2 and CH4

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 17036-17042页

作者： Zhang, Tingting Gu, Yefeng Zhang, Qinduan Wei, Yubin Wang, Li Wang, Wei Li, Chunsheng Wang, Jiqiang Laser Institute International School for Optoelectronic Engineering Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Jinan250014 China

This article introduces a light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (LITES) system based on a vacuum-packaged miniature quartz tuning fork (VP-MQTF) for the simultaneous detection of acetylene (C2H2) and methane (CH4). The VP-MQTF stands out due to its compact size and high Q-factor. Its small dimensions enable an enhanced thermoelastic response, leading to stronger signals in the LITES system. In addition, the vacuum-packaged design of the miniature quartz tuning fork (MQTF) not only achieves a higher Q-factor but also mitigates the issue of frequency drift commonly observed in traditional quartz tuning forks (QTFs) after prolonged exposure to air. By employing the VP-MQTF as a detector, the LITES system successfully demonstrated the detection of C2H2 and CH4. Experimental results revealed minimum detection limits (MDLs) of 672 ppb for C2H2 and 947 ppb for CH4. Furthermore, the system exhibited excellent linearity in detecting both gases, with correlation coefficients ( R2 ) of 0.99854 for C2H2 and 0.99782 for CH4. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Q factor measurement

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Audio-in-Image Steganography Using Analysis and Resynthesis Sound Spectrograph

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 75180-75189页

作者： Aravind Krishnan, A. Ramesh, Yukta Urs, Udbhav Arakeri, Megha Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Bengaluru576104 India

Steganography is the practice of concealing secret information within a non-secret medium, such as an image or audio file, to prevent detection by unauthorised observers. Currently, there is a shortage of solutions for audio-in-image storage, with a complete absence of methods that do not rely on deep learning approaches. This is problematic because learning models often plateau at a certain level of accuracy, making further improvements difficult. Audio steganography, like other forms of steganography, is vulnerable to data malleability and requires solutions that offer customisable security features while maintaining robustness. This paper presents a novel approach for audio-in-image steganography involving the analysis and resynthesis of sound spectrographs (ARSS). This framework ensures efficient and secure data storage using a simplistic, multi-channel, and non-lossy approach to embed an audio spectrograph in a high-resolution image file. It allows for minimal pre-processing and post-processing to conceal one or more sound spectrographs within a single cover image while focusing on maintaining high fidelity in sound resynthesis during retrieval. Referred to as ASA, this proposed approach achieves a mean PSNR value of 42.54 dB for the stego-image and 45.02 dB for the reconstructed image, outperforming most existing methods while also offering high storage efficiency and infrastructure for additional security measures. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Steganography

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VireNet-SSD: object detection model for resource-constrained applications based on self-organized operational neural networks

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第14期37卷 8547-8569页

作者： Kamath, Vidya Renuka, A. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Karnataka Manipal576104 India

Discovering deep learning-based computer vision solutions for use with constrained devices is exceptionally hard, and the trade-offs are often too undermining. Deep learning models are enormous, which makes it challenging to deploy them on constrained platforms. The convolutional neural network is the fundamental framework for majority of the models that are currently in use. However, operational neural networks have recently shown to be a better option to the convolutional equivalents on a variety of tasks due to their heterogeneous nature and greater resemblance to the functioning of biological neurons. The question of whether heterogeneous models could function on constrained devices and be deployed in real time remains a major concern. To address this problem, an object detection model architecture based on a single-shot multi-box detector with self-organized operational neural networks as its backbone was developed, which can perform efficiently on constrained devices such as Raspberry Pi. The resultant backbone architecture was named as VireNet. In contrast to homogeneous conventional deep learning networks that use convolutions, heterogeneous networks were chosen to develop VireNet, which provides a more productive and effective solution. Furthermore, an in-depth explanation of the design space has been provided to aid any future research that is associated with this architectural search. This new approach might mark the very beginning of the use of heterogeneity to address issues on devices with constrained resources. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Overcoming color non-uniformity in full-color VHG waveguide displays via phase-compensated DOEs

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Optics Express 2025年第8期33卷 16762-16777页

作者： Guo, Min Wang, Zheng Guo, Yusong Wang, Zi Lv, Guoqiang Feng, Qibin School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering Hefei University of Technology Anhui Hefei230009 China National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology National Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology Academy of Photoelectric Technology Hefei University of Technology Anhui Hefei230009 China

Augmented reality head-mounted displays (AR-HMDs) utilizing diffractive waveguides have attracted considerable research attention. However, addressing color non-uniformity remains a key challenge in full-color waveguide displays employing volume holographic gratings (VHGs). This paper proposes an AR full-color waveguide display system addressing color non-uniformity. The color uniformity characteristics of the VHG-based full-color waveguide display is analyzed. Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) are seamlessly integrated onto the out-coupler surface of the waveguide substrate to improve the color uniformity via phase compensation. A multi-wavelength stochastic gradient descent (MW-SGD) algorithm is developed to optimize the DOE phases profiles. A single DOE is used to compensate for multiple images derived from broadband wavelength sources. A hybrid loss incorporating the CIEDE2000 chromatic aberration metric is utilized to enhance the color fidelity of the reconstructed images. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively mitigates color non-uniformity in the waveguide display system. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) improves from 13.33 dB to 26.37 dB, while the CIEDE2000 metric decreases from 19.63 to 6.35. Optical experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving a 46.20% reduction in the chromaticity non-uniformity (CU) of reconstructed white field, from 0.1896 to 0.1020. ©2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Helmet mounted displays

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Ion transport behaviors in MXenes for electrochemical energy storage and conversion

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Carbon Energy 2025年第3期7卷 110-132页

作者： Ling Fei Lei Lei Hui Xu Xinghua Guo Bo Chen Xu Han Xun Chen Qing Huang Degao Wang Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Data-Driven High-Safety Energy Materials and Applications Ningbo Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials and ChemistryNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Huzhou Key Laboratory of Green Energy Materials and Battery Cascade Utilization School of Intelligent ManufacturingHuzhou CollegeHuzhouChina Laboratory of Polymers and Composites Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering(NIMTE)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)NingboZhejiangChina Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Research(AIR)Center Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboChina

MXenes,an innovative class of two-dimensional(2D)materials composed of transition-metal carbides and/or nitrides,have garnered significant interest for their potential in energy storage and conversion applications,which is largely attributed to their modifiable surface terminations,exceptional conductivity,and favorable hydrophilic *** show various ion transport behaviors in applications like electrochemical catalysis,supercapacitors,and batteries,encompassing processes like electrostatic adsorption of surface ions,redox reactions of ions,and interlayer ion *** review aims to present a summary of advancements in the comprehension of ion transport behaviors of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)***,the composition,properties,and synthesis techniques of MXenes are concisely ***,the discussion delves into the mechanisms of ion transport in MXenes during CO_(2)reduction,water splitting,supercapacitor operation,and battery performance,elucidating the factors determining the electrochemical behaviors and ***,a compilation of strategies used to optimize ion transport behaviors in MXenes is *** article concludes by presenting the challenges and opportunities for these fields to facilitate the continued progress of MXenes in energy-related technologies.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction ion transport MXenes storage batteries supercapacitors water splitting

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Regulating the composition, structure, and nanoscale dimensions of Yb_(2)Si_(2)O_(7) environmental barrier coating to achieve a biomimetic teakwood-like functional structure by waste gas recycling

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2025年第2期14卷 87-97页

作者： Jungui Zhang Guifang Han Xinxin Cao Xiaofeng Zhang Jingde Zhang Min Liu Kesong Zhou Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Materials Surface Engineering Technology&The Key Lab of Guangdong for Modern Surface Engineering Technology&Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Modern Surface Engineering Technology Institute of New MaterialsGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

The unique multilayer, multiscale structure of teakwood results in excellent mechanical and long-term environmental stability, providing inspiration for the biomimetic design of environmental barrier coating (EBC) structures. However, achieving the desired biomimetic structure control in high-temperature plasma spraying is a challenging task that requires new technological breakthroughs. In this study, a multiscale nano Yb_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)–Yb_(2)SiO_(5) (YbDS–YbMS) composite EBC with a teakwood-like lamellar structure was realized via a novel alternating vapor/liquid phase deposition method involving plasma spraying-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD). Volatilized waste SiO_(2) from Yb_(2)Si_(2)O_(7) (YbDS) was reused and deposited on the coating surface during the spraying process, where a regularly arranged multilayer structure was formed in the coating by the alternate deposition of gaseous SiO_(2) and droplet YbDS. In addition, SiO_(2) on the coated surface formed nanoclusters and dome-shaped nanocrystals via homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation, respectively, and some of them gradually formed a continuous nanofilm as the arc current increased. The deposited SiO_(2) reacted in situ with the decomposed phase YbMS in the coating to form YbDS, preserving its multiscale nanostructure after heat treatment and enabling the preparation of the YbDS–YbMS composite coating. This work provides a new design strategy and method for the preparation of coatings using YbDS and other spray powders with similar decomposition and volatilization characteristics during the plasma spraying process.

关键词： teakwood-like lamellar structure alternating vapor/liquid phase deposition nanofilm Yb_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)-Yb_(2)SiO_(5)(YbDS-YbMS)composite coating environmental barrier coating(EBC)

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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A SLOTTED PLANAR ANTENNA WITH PARASITIC RING PATCH FOR EFFICIENT 5G MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS

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Telecommunications and Radio engineering (English translation of Elektrosvyaz and Radiotekhnika) 2025年第1期84卷 71-82页

作者： Yadav, Swati Varun Yadav, Manish Varun Gupta, Ridhi Yadav, Dinesh Bhati, Kirti Panwar Ali, Tanweer Singh, Vikas Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal Karnataka India Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal Karnataka India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Manipal University Jaipur Rajasthan Jaipur India School of Electronics Devi Ahilya University M.P Indore India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal Karnataka India

Design and analysis of a slotted planar antenna with a parasitic ring patch for efficient 5G microwave applications is presented. The antenna design aims to strike a balance between complexity and size efficiency. Its front side features a rectangular patch at the center, comprising L-shaped, T-shaped, and inverse T-shaped elements, alongside four parasitic rings on top. The central feed utilizes a 50-ohm strip line connected to a microstrip line. On the back side, the antenna incorporates three parasitic rings on top, four horizontal strips arranged in an increasing order, and a ground plane with a small rectangular slot. To evaluate its performance, the antenna is simulated using CST Microwave Studio on an FR-4 substrate with overall dimensions measuring 13 × 15 × 1.5 mm3. The results demonstrate an impressive impedance bandwidth of 60.8% and a return loss of –28 dB within the frequency range of 3.2–6 GHz, with a central frequency of 4.6 GHz. Throughout its operational range, the radiation patterns remain constant, exhibiting stable polar patterns and efficient performance with a wide gain of 4.81 dBi and an efficiency of 82%;the proposed antenna proves to be suitable for 5G microwave applications. © 2025 by Begell House, Inc.

关键词： Microwave antennas

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