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Hydraulic conductivity over a wide suction range of loess with different dry densities

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2025年第1期17卷 481-492页

作者： Xiaokun Hou Shengwen Qi Yan Li Fangcui Liu Tonglu Li Hua Li State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Beijing100029China School of Civil Engineering University of A CoruñaA Coruña15071Spain Department of Geological Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Xi’an Jiaotong University of City CollegeXi’an710018China

Experimental research into the hydraulic conductivity curve (HCC) of unsaturated soil is limited due to the inherent challenge associated with labor, cost, and time. Typically, the HCC is estimated using the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) based models and saturated hydraulic conductivity (SHC). However, the efficiency of the SWCC-based model is rarely assessed, and the influence of soil density and pore structure on HCC remains incomplete due to limited experimental data. To address this gap, this study employs an innovative filter-paper-based column method, which can measure the HCC over a wide suction range (e.g. 0−105 kPa), to capture the HCCs of both intact and compacted specimens with varying dry densities. The efficiency of two typical SWCC-based models is assessed using the measured data. Meanwhile, the mercury intrusion porosity (MIP) technique is employed to obtain the pore characteristic (i.e. pore size distribution (PSD)) and a method of predicting the HCC using the PSD data is proposed, emphasizing the dominant role of the pore structure in shaping the HCC. The results reveal that the dry density's influence on the HCC is primarily observed within the low suction range, corresponding to variations in the dominant and large pores. In the high suction range, the HCCs align along a linear trajectory when plotted in a log-log format. A notable finding is the overestimation of the HCC obtained from the SWCC-based models using the measured SHC. When the SHC is regarded as a fitting parameter, good agreement is achieved. The adjusted SHC value is typically 0-1 order of magnitude lower than the measured value, and this discrepancy diminishes as dry density increases. On the other hand, the proposed PSD-based model performs well with the measured SHC data. Caution is exercised when using the SHC to estimate the HCC for modeling water movement in partially saturated soil.

关键词： Hydraulic conductivity curve Wide suction range Dry density Pore size distribution Saturated hydraulic conductivity

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Structural Behavior of Post-and-Plank Timber Walls Subjected to Vertical and Cyclic Horizontal Loads 5th

Structural Behavior of Post-and-Plank Timber Walls Subjected...

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5th International Conference on Protection of Historical Constructions, PROHITECH 2025

作者： Tanev, Vatyu Gruewa, Petya Stoilov, Georgi Pashkouleva, Dessislava University of Architecture Civil Engineering and Geodesy Sofia Bulgaria Institute of Mechanics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)9783031873157

The post-and-plank wall is a historic timber structure used in Bulgaria and other countries in different modifications. The members are connected by carpentry joints which makes their seismic analysis a complex and challenging task. Three post-and-plank wall specimens were tested under a combination of constant vertical and static cyclic horizontal loading according to the standard ISO21581. Different magnitudes of the vertical action were applied to each specimen to study the influence of the gravity load on the wall behavior. Two methods for measuring the displacements were used - inductive transducers and digital image correlation (DIC), which allowed for a thorough assessment of each zone of the walls and a global field of displacement at each moment of the testing process. Variation of the vertical load influenced the stiffness of the walls. High deformation capacity and damage localized mostly in the joints were reached during the tests. In the following article the failure mechanism, hysteretic behavior, and ductility parameters are analyzed. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Hysteresis

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Spatial Impact of Surface-Water Bodies on Urban Expansion Using an Autologistic Regression Model 1st

Spatial Impact of Surface-Water Bodies on Urban Expansion Us...

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1st International Conference of Urban Climate, Sustainability, and Urban Design, UCSUD 2023

作者： Jia, Mengyuan Zhang, Haoran School of Architecture and Urban Planning Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing100044 China China Academy of Urban Planning and Design Beijing100044 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819784004

In order to explore the differential impacts of various types of surface water bodies on urban expansion, Taking the data in 2000, 2010, and 2020 of Tianjin as research subjects, this paper establishes the Autologistic regression models to investigate the influence of factors such as proximity to different types of surface water bodies, presence within flood storage and detention areas, and their association with aquatic ecological corridors on urban expansion. The results show that 1) flood storage and detention areas are significant constraining factors for urban expansion and the primary rivers are a more pronounced driving effect compared to other surface water bodies;2) over the period from 2000 to 2020, the driving effect of surface water bodies on urban expansion exhibits a declining trend;3) The delineation of urban construction land boundaries and the establishment of ecological protection zones are identified as the principal external factors shaping urban expansion. The results further explained the relationship between cities and water, and can provide a theoretical basis for the harmonious coexistence of cities and water environment. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Floods

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Remediation mechanism of high concentrations of multiple heavy metals in contaminated soil by Sedum alfredii and native microorganisms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 179-188页

作者： Zihe Wang Han Zhang Ying Xiong Lieyu Zhang Jianglong Cui Guowen Li Caili Du Kaiyang Wen State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute Beijing 100044China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

Pollution accident of nonferrous metallurgy industry often lead to serious heavy metal pollution of the surrounding *** of contaminated soil is an environmental and sustainable technology,and soil native microorganisms in the process of phytoremediation also participate in the remediation of heavy ***,the effects of high concentrations of multiple heavy metals(HCMHMs)on plants and native soil microorganisms remain ***,further clarification of themechanism of phytoremediation of HCMHMs soil by plants and native soil microorganisms is *** the plant Sedum alfredii(***)to restore HCMHM-contaminated soil,we further explored the mechanism of *** and native soil microorganisms in the remediation of HCMHM *** results showed that(i)*** can promote heavy metals from non-rhizosphere soil to rhizosphere soil,which is conducive to the effect of plants on heavy *** addition,it can also enrich the absorbed heavy metals in its roots and leaves;(ii)native soil bacteria can increase the abundance of signal molecule-synthesizing enzymes,such as trpE,trpG,bjaI,rpfF,ACSL,and yidC,and promote the expression of the pathway that converts serine to cysteine,then synthesize substances to chelate heavy *** addition,we speculated that genes such as K19703,K07891,K09711,K19703,K07891,and K09711 in native bacteria may be involved in the stabilization or absorption of heavy *** results provide scientific basis for *** to remediate heavy metals contaminated soils,and confirm the potential of phytoremediation of HCMHM contaminated soil.

关键词： Microbial remediation Phytoremediation Sedum alfredii

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Research Progress on Urban Street Canyon Heat Island Effect 1st

Research Progress on Urban Street Canyon Heat Island Effect

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1st International Conference of Urban Climate, Sustainability, and Urban Design, UCSUD 2023

作者： Zhu, Ye Zhou, Haizhu Hao, Xuejun School of Environmental and Energy Engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing102600 China China Academy of Building Research Beijing100001 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819784004

With the continuous improvement of urbanization level and the increasing urban spatial density, the urban heat island effect is intensifying, resulting in the increasing range and intensity of extreme climate, which poses a threat to the physical and mental health of urban residents. Urban heat island effect has become a focus of multidisciplinary research. This paper reviews the technical development of the existing research methods on heat island effect, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, and their applicability on different scales. This paper presents the street valley scale as an important method to study the heat island effect of compact city, and analyzes the influencing factors of heat island effect under this scale. Finally, according to the existing problems in the current research process, the research progress and development trend of urban heat island at street valley scale are proposed from the aspects of data and evaluation methods. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for the in-depth study of urban street valley heat island effect under the background of compact city development model, and to provide an effective way to mitigate urban heat island effect. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Heat island effect Influencing factors Street canyon Technical methods

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Research on rapid measurement technology of railway line based on 3D coordinate acquisition trolley 6

Research on rapid measurement technology of railway line bas...

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6th International Conference on Geoscience and Remote Sensing Mapping, GRSM 2024

作者： Zhang, Maolin Cui, Mengzhen Li, Congxu Chen, Yuan Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics Beijing100044 China Institute of Computing Technologies China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited Beijing100015 China Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing100044 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688018

The traditional method of remeasurement of operational railroad has many processes, complicated operations and low efficiency, and the time of railroad maintenance days is decreasing, so new demands are made on the remeasurement method of operational railroad. In response to this problem, this paper researches the rapid measurement technology of operational railroad to achieve the rapid and high-precision acquisition of spatial measurement data in a wide range of operational railroad and the rapid and high-precision measurement of railroad track line information. This paper mainly studies the railroad line 3D coordinate acquisition trolley and its acquisition system, mainly including the key technology research of data synchronization technology, data fusion Kalman filter technology, combined navigation solution technology and track flat and longitudinal section fitting optimization research. Through this research, the three-dimensional coordinate acquisition trolley of railroad line can obtain high-precision railroad track alignment information without relying on CPⅢ control network, reduce the number of times on the track, reduce the operation safety hazards, save cost and human resources. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Data fusion

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Investigating the Seismic Performance of RC Buildings Using Nonlinear Incremental Dynamic Analysis 33rd

Investigating the Seismic Performance of RC Buildings Using ...

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33rd International Conference on Organization and Technology of Maintenance, OTO 2024

作者： Leti, Marsed Bidaj, Altin Ormeni, Rrapo Bilgin, Hüseyin Faculty of Architecture and Engineering Department of Civil Engineering EPOKA University Tirana Albania Department of Mechanics of Structures Engineering Polytechnic University of Tirana Tirana Albania Academy of Sciences of Albania Tirana Albania

ISBN: (纸本)9783031805967

The seismic performance of premodern buildings, which were often constructed without contemporary seismic codes, is critical due to the potential catastrophic consequences of earthquakes. Persistent updates to seismic codes aim to reduce structural vulnerabilities and risks, especially in seismically active regions, by incorporating the latest research and empirical data. This study applies modern Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) to an old, reinforced concrete (RC) building designed using premodern codes in Albania. This building was implemented as a template project across various locations in the country which represents a significant risk due to its continued use in our seismically active region frequently affected by earthquakes. The study provides a detailed methodology for applying IDA based on current guidelines and coherent studies. The building is modeled as 2D frames in both orthogonal directions using ZEUS-NL software. IDA curves are derived from 20 ground motion records, with 5% damped first mode spectral acceleration, (Sa(T1,5%)) as the intensity measure (IM) and maximum global drift ratio (ϴmax) as the damage measure (DM). Limit states are defined according to FEMA 356 standards. The IDA curves are then categorized into 16th, 50th and 84th percentiles, as recommended in the literature. Final results provide statistical data on the vulnerability of the building based on the IM and DM parameters selected for this study. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Seismic response

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Quantifying the Economic Impact of Investment Activities: Methods and Applications

Quantifying the Economic Impact of Investment Activities: Me...

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International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT, ICAIIT 2024

作者： Stankevych, Iryna Yatskevych, Inna Sakun, Hanna Vasylenko, Oksana Siemens, Eduard Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture Didrikhsona Str. 4 Odesa65029 Ukraine Anhalt University of Applied Sciences Bernburger Str. 57 Köthen06366 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031892950

The article delves into the multifaceted realm of the Economic Value of Investment Activities (EVIA) within Ukrainian mobile providers, traversing the intricate landscape of value creation and financial dynamics. At its core lies a nuanced exploration of the challenges that reverberate throughout the industry, with a particular focus on the evolving paradigms of customer value perception and the intricate web of financing strategies. These challenges, deeply entrenched within the structural fabric of the Ukrainian telecommunications market, transcend mere managerial oversights, reflecting broader systemic intricacies that necessitate a paradigm shift in investment strategy assessment. In response to these exigencies, the authors advocate for a transformative methodological framework that transcends conventional metrics, one that integrates the diverse perspectives of stakeholders and harnesses the analytical prowess of the Distance from a Benchmark Method (DBM). This innovative approach not only offers a holistic understanding of EVIA but also facilitates a comprehensive comparative analysis across multiple companies, illuminating the nuanced interplay of various factors shaping investment efficiency within the multifaceted telecommunications sector. By applying the DBM approach to EVIA assessment among Ukrainian mobile operators, the article unveils profound insights into the fundamental challenges plaguing optimal capital utilization, the dynamic nature of customer preferences, and the strategic imperatives of financing differentiation. In doing so, it provides a roadmap for strategic intervention and optimization, equipping industry stakeholders with the analytical tools necessary to navigate the complex terrain of investment activities in the ever-evolving Ukrainian telecommunications market. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Telecommunication industry

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Novel Methodologies for Preventing Crack Propagation in Steel Gas Pipelines Considering the Temperature Effect

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 1-23页

作者： Nurlan Zhangabay Ulzhan Ibraimova Marco Bonopera Ulanbator Suleimenov Konstantin Avramov Maryna Chernobryvko Aigerim Yessengali Department of Architecture and Urban Planning Mukhtar Auezov South Kazakhstan UniversityShymkent160012Kazakhstan Department of Industrial Civil and Road Construction Mukhtar Auezov South Kazakhstan UniversityShymkent160012Kazakhstan Mechanics Sound&Vibration LaboratoryDepartment of Civil EngineeringCollege of EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei10617Taiwan Department of Reability&Dynamic Strength A.Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKharkiv61046Ukraine

Using the software ANSYS-19.2/Explicit Dynamics,this study performedﬁnite-element modeling of the large-diameter steel pipeline cross-section for the Beineu-Bozoy-Shymkent gas pipeline with a non-through straight crack,strengthened by steel wire *** effects of the thread tensile force of the steel winding in the form of single rings at the crack edges and the wires with different winding diameters and pitches were also *** results showed that the strengthening was preferably executed at a minimum value of the thread tensile force,which was 6.4%more effective than that at its maximum *** analysis of the inﬂuence of the winding dia-meters showed that the equivalent stresses increased by 32%from the beginning of the crack growth until the wire *** increment in winding diameter decelerated the disclosure of the edge crack and reduced its length by 8.2%.The analysis of the inﬂuence of the winding pitch showed that decreasing the distance between the winding turns also led to a 33.6%reduction in the length of the straight crack and a 7.9%reduction in the maximum stres-ses on the strengthened pipeline *** analysis of the temperature effect on the pipeline material,within a range from-40℃ to+50℃,resulted in a crack length change of up to 5.8%.As the temperature dropped,the crack length *** such a temperature range,the maximum stresses were observed along the cen-tral area of the crack,which were equal to 413 MPa at+50℃ and 440 MPa at-40℃.The results also showed that the presence of the steel winding in the pipeline signiﬁcantly reduced the length of crack propagation up to 8.4 times,depending on the temperature effect and design parameters of *** work integrated the existing methods for crack localization along steel gas pipelines.

关键词： Crack propagation ﬁnite-element internal pressure prestressing steel gas pipeline temperature effect

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Insight into the particle shape on the impact of dry granular flow against a rigid barrier: A DEM study

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： Rui-Xiao Zhan Dong Su Xiang-Sheng Chen Yuan-Jun Jiang Guo-Ping Lei Jing-Jing Yu Key Laboratory for Resilient Infrastructures of Coastal Cities (MOE)， Shenzhen University College of Civil and Transportation Engineering， Shenzhen University School of Architecture and Urban Planning， Shenzhen University Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Green， Efficient and Intelligent Construction of Underground Metro Station， Shenzhen University Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment， Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Transportation， Civil Engineering & Architecture， Foshan University

The effect of particle shape on the impact of dry granular flow remains an open area for further investigation. Five distinct particle shapes were examined in this study using discrete element simulations after calibrating the numerical model using a published work. The findings indicated that the particle shape had a significant influence on granular mobility. With negligible variations in normalized kinetic energy between particles of different shapes， the effect of particle shape on the increasing rate of kinetic energy became more obvious. All irregular particle scenarios had longer accumulated particle lengths down the channel than spherical particles. Variations in particle shape led to adjustments in the distribution of impact forces on the barrier. These findings substantially enhance our understanding of the distinctive effects of particle shapes on the impact mechanism of dry granular flow.

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