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Multi-Task Learning for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis and Mini-Mental State Examination Score Prediction

Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第3期7卷 828-842页

作者： Jin Liu Xu Tian Hanhe Lin Hong-Dong Li Yi Pan Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics School of Computer Science and EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Xinjiang Engineering Research Center of Big Data and Intelligent Software School of SoftwareXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830091China School of Science and Engineering University of DundeeDundeeDD14HNUK Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Accurately diagnosing Alzheimer's disease is essential for improving elderly ***,accurate prediction of the mini-mental state examination score also can measure cognition impairment and track the progression of Alzheimer's ***,most of the existing methods perform Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and mini-mental state examination score prediction separately and ignore the relation between these two *** address this challenging problem,we propose a novel multi-task learning method,which uses feature interaction to explore the relationship between Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and minimental state examination score *** our proposed method,features from each task branch are firstly decoupled into candidate and non-candidate parts for ***,we propose feature sharing module to obtain shared features from candidate features and return shared features to task branches,which can promote the learning of each *** validate the effectiveness of our proposed method on multiple *** Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative 1 dataset,the accuracy in diagnosis task and the root mean squared error in prediction task of our proposed method is 87.86%and 2.5,*** results show that our proposed method outperforms most state-of-the-art *** proposed method enables accurate Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and mini-mental state examination score ***,it can be used as a reference for the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease,and can also help doctors and patients track disease progression in a timely manner.

关键词： multi-task learning Alzheimer's disease diagnosis mini-mental state examination score prediction

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Technical Requirements Survey on Multimodal Biometric Selection for Deployment in Governments 8th

Technical Requirements Survey on Multimodal Biometric Select...

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8th International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, ICICT 2023

作者： Maeko, Mapula Elisa Van Der Haar, Dustin Academy of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Johannesburg Auckland Park CNR University Road and Kingsway Avenue Gauteng2006 South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9789819930906

Biometric selection is an increasingly popular security measure used in public services due to its potential to improve security and privacy, reduce fraud and improve service delivery in governments. Selecting the appropriate biometrics for an organisation is difficult in today’s sphere, as no single solution fits all cases into this issue. However, a need arises to understand the requirements for biometric selection and its potential impacts on the public before deploying biometrics in governments. The strategy was to conduct the requirement with the participants to understand the shortcomings. The survey was distributed to 120 participants from the general public and those with knowledge of licencing centres processes. The results from the survey were derived from the summary on Google Forms as the survey was completed. Furthermore, for better analysis, SPSS 25 statistical research software for analysing data was used as a tool to analyse and interpret the results. The survey, distributed to South Africans between 17 and 55 years of age, had a response rate of 89%. The requirements survey results showed that 68.2% of respondents believed that the current person authentication system at driver licencing centres needed improvement, and they were willing to use a biometric system. This research aims to determine which biometrics are most reliable for identifying and verifying an individual’s identity and which biometric selection processes are the most efficient and cost-effective. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Biometrics

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A Trust-Based Hierarchical Consensus Mechanism for Consortium Blockchain in Smart Grid

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2023年第1期28卷 69-81页

作者： Xingguo Jiang Aidong Sun Yan Sun Hong Luo Mohsen Guizani School of Computer Science(National Pilot Software Engineering School) Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Institute of Food safety and Nutrition Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210000China Computer Science and Engineering Department Qatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar

As the smart grid develops rapidly,abundant connected devices offer various trading *** raises higher requirements for secure and effective data *** centralized data management does not meet the above ***,smart grid with conventional consortium blockchain can solve the above ***,in the face of a large number of nodes,existing consensus algorithms often perform poorly in terms of efficiency and *** this paper,we propose a trust-based hierarchical consensus mechanism(THCM)to solve this ***,we design a hierarchical mechanism to improve the efficiency and ***,intra-layer nodes use an improved Raft consensus algorithm and inter-layer nodes use the Byzantine Fault Tolerance ***,we propose a trust evaluation method to improve the election process of ***,we implement a prototype system to evaluate the performance of *** results demonstrate that the consensus efficiency is improved by 19.8%,the throughput is improved by 12.34%,and the storage is reduced by 37.9%.

关键词： consortium blockchain consensus algorithm trust evaluation method smart grid Internet of Things(IoT)

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SupervisedImmuneNet: Training Artificial Immune Networks using a Supervised Learning Approach for Improved Multi-Class Classification 23

SupervisedImmuneNet: Training Artificial Immune Networks usi...

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Proceedings of the 2023 6th International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Systems

作者： Siphesihle Philezwini Sithungu Elizabeth Marie Ehlers Academy of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Johannesburg South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709067

The most common application of artificial immune networks (AINs) is on unsupervised learning tasks. This is due to the fact that AINs are inspired by the adaptive immune system, which consists of a network of antibodies that self-organises to form a memory of external antigens. The self-organising nature of AINs makes them a natural approach for solving problems involving learning and adapting to patterns or structures present in a dataset to form an abstract representation. Training AINs in this fashion means that the dataset need not have class labels because the typical aim of the learning process is not to perform classification. However, there have been attempts to use AINs for classification tasks by considering the resulting clusters of antibodies as representative of the classes present in a dataset. This has also been done when applying AINs to the task of recognising handwritten characters. However, in all the approaches found in the literature, the common method was to leave the task of discovering classes to the AINs. Doing so is contrary to how other models are trained to do classification tasks where data samples are provided along with their class labels to guide the learning process. Therefore, this paper presents a novel supervised learning approach to training AINs for multi-class classification. The proposed approach was tested on the MNIST handwritten digits dataset and achieved a classification accuracy of 99.45%.

关键词： Artificial Immune Networks Immunologically Inspired Computation MNIST Handwritten Digit Recognition Machine Learning

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Lip-Based Identification Using YOLOR 3rd

Lip-Based Identification Using YOLOR

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3rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, ICPRAI 2022

作者： Farrukh, Wardah van der Haar, Dustin Academy of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Johannesburg Cnr University Road and Kingsway Avenue Johannesburg2006 South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9783031092817

In recent years, the exploitation of lip prints for biometric identification has gained much attention from the research community, with most of the efforts devoted to establishing that the physiological characteristic of the lip is discriminative and unique. Up until now research in this area has employed more classical feature engineering-based approaches and results that have been achieved are still not comparable with those yielded by more commonly used biometric characteristics. Furthermore, the field of lip detection is still an ongoing topic of research due to its many challenges which hinders the success of lip detection techniques. This work will determine the viability of newer methods on the task of lip detection and identification through the application of newer deep learning methods which is an apparent gap in this area. In this study YOLOR is applied on samples of faces from the CFD dataset to effectively achieve lip detection and identification. The results obtained are promising with a mAP of 99.5% and a precision and recall score of 67% and 99%, respectively. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Biometrics

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Parallel software-Based Self-Testing with Bounded Model Checking for Kilo-Core Networks-on-Chip

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Journal of computer science & Technology 2023年第2期38卷 405-421页

作者：张颖季鹏飞朱潘玮 Zebo Peng 李华伟江建慧 School of Software Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Computer and Information Science Linkoping UniversityLinkoping 58183Sweden Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Online testing is critical to ensuring reliable operations of the next generation of supercomputers based on a kilo-core network-on-chip(NoC)interconnection *** present a parallel software-based self-testing(SBST)solution that makes use of the bounded model checking(BMC)technique to generate test sequences and parallel *** this method,the parallel SBST with BMC derives the leading sequence for each router’s internal function and detects all functionally-testable faults related to the function.A Monte-Carlo simulation algorithm is then used to search for the approximately optimum configuration of the parallel packets,which guarantees the test quality and minimizes the test ***,a multi-threading technology is used to ensure that the Monte-Carlo simulation can reach the approximately optimum configuration in a large random space and reduce the generating time of the parallel *** results show that the proposed method achieves a high fault coverage with a reduced test ***,by performing online testing in the functional mode with SBST,it effectively avoids the over-testing problem caused by functionally untestable turns in kilo-core NoCs.

关键词： software-based self-testing(SBST) parallel test kilo-core networks-on-chip(NoCs) online testing

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A Survey of Edge Caching:Key Issues and Challenges

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 818-842页

作者： Hanwen Li Mingtao Sun Fan Xia Xiaolong Xu Muhammad Bilal School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 262700China Reading Academy Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Computer Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYongin-si 17035Republic of Korea

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and intelligent applications,the quantity of mobile devices and data traffic in networks have been growing exponentially,which poses a great burden to networks and brings huge challenge to servicing user *** caching,which utilizes the storage and computation resources of the edge to bring resources closer to end users,is a promising way to relieve network burden and enhance user *** this paper,we aim to survey the edge caching techniques from a comprehensive and systematic *** first present an overview of edge caching,summarizing the three key issues regarding edge caching,i.e.,where,what,and how to cache,and then introducing several significant caching *** then carry out a detailed and in-depth elaboration on these three issues,which correspond to caching locations,caching objects,and caching strategies,*** particular,we innovate on the issue“what to cache”,interpreting it as the classification of the“caching objects”,which can be further classified into content cache,data cache,and service ***,we discuss several open issues and challenges of edge caching to inspire future investigations in this research area.

关键词： edge caching edge computing caching location caching object caching strategy 5G networkarchitecture Internet of Things(IoT)

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Global video object segmentation with spatial constraint module

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Computational Visual Media 2023年第2期9卷 385-400页

作者： Yadang Chen Duolin Wang Zhiguo Chen Zhi-Xin Yang Enhua Wu Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of EducationSchool of Computer and SoftwareNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Electromechanical EngineeringUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Faculty of Science and Technology University of MacaoMacao 999078China

We present a lightweight and efficient semisupervised video object segmentation network based on the space-time memory *** some extent,our method solves the two difficulties encountered in traditional video object segmentation:one is that the single frame calculation time is too long,and the other is that the current frame’s segmentation should use more information from past *** algorithm uses a global context(GC)module to achieve highperformance,real-time *** GC module can effectively integrate multi-frame image information without increased memory and can process each frame in real ***,the prediction mask of the previous frame is helpful for the segmentation of the current frame,so we input it into a spatial constraint module(SCM),which constrains the areas of segments in the current *** SCM effectively alleviates mismatching of similar targets yet consumes few additional *** added a refinement module to the decoder to improve boundary *** model achieves state-of-the-art results on various datasets,scoring 80.1%on YouTube-VOS 2018 and a J&F score of 78.0%on DAVIS 2017,while taking 0.05 s per frame on the DAVIS 2016 validation dataset.

关键词： video object segmentation semantic segmentation global context(GC)module spatial constraint

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MaGIC: Multi-modality Guided Image Completion 12

MaGIC: Multi-modality Guided Image Completion

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12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024

作者： Wang, Hao Yu, Yongsheng Luo, Tiejian Fan, Heng Zhang, Libo School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences China Department of Computer Science University of Rochester United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of North Texas United States

Vanilla image completion approaches exhibit sensitivity to large missing regions, attributed to the limited availability of reference information for plausible generation. To mitigate this, existing methods incorporate the extra cue as a guidance for image completion. Despite improvements, these approaches are often restricted to employing a single modality (e.g., segmentation or sketch maps), which lacks scalability in leveraging multi-modality for more plausible completion. In this paper, we propose a novel, simple yet effective method for Multi-modal Guided Image Completion, dubbed MaGIC, which not only supports a wide range of single modality as the guidance (e.g., text, canny edge, sketch, segmentation, depth, and pose), but also adapts to arbitrarily customized combination of these modalities (i.e., arbitrary multi-modality) for image completion. For building MaGIC, we first introduce a modality-specific conditional U-Net (MCU-Net) that injects single-modal signals into a U-Net denoiser for single-modal guided image completion. Then, we devise a consistent modality blending (CMB) method to leverage modality signals encoded in multiple learned MCU-Nets through gradient guidance in latent space. Our CMB is training-free, thereby avoiding the cumbersome joint re-training of different modalities, which is the secret of MaGIC to achieve exceptional flexibility in accommodating new modalities for completion. Experiments show the superiority of MaGIC over state-of-the-art methods and its generalization to various completion tasks. © 2024 12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Hierarchical vectorization for facial images

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第1期10卷 97-118页

作者： Qian Fu Linlin Liu Fei Hou Ying He School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798SingaporeSingapore Data61 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationSydney2015Australia Interdisciplinary Graduate School Nanyang Technological University and Alibaba Group639798SingaporeSingapore State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The explosive growth of social media means portrait editing and retouching are in high *** portraits are commonly captured and stored as raster images,editing raster images is non-trivial and requires the user to be highly *** at developing intuitive and easy-to-use portrait editing tools,we propose a novel vectorization method that can automatically convert raster images into a 3-tier hierarchical *** base layer consists of a set of sparse diffusion curves(DCs)which characterize salient geometric features and low-frequency colors,providing a means for semantic color transfer and facial expression *** middle level encodes specular highlights and shadows as large,editable Poisson regions(PRs)and allows the user to directly adjust illumination by tuning the strength and changing the shapes of *** top level contains two types of pixel-sized PRs for high-frequency residuals and fine details such as pimples and *** train a deep generative model that can produce high-frequency residuals *** to the inherent meaning in vector primitives,editing portraits becomes easy and *** particular,our method supports color transfer,facial expression editing,highlight and shadow editing,and automatic *** quantitatively evaluate the results,we extend the commonly used FLIP metric(which measures color and feature differences between two images)to consider *** new metric,illumination-sensitive FLIP,can effectively capture salient changes in color transfer results,and is more consistent with human perception than FLIP and other quality measures for portrait *** evaluate our method on the FFHQR dataset and show it to be effective for common portrait editing tasks,such as retouching,light editing,color transfer,and expression editing.

关键词： face editing vectorization Poisson editing color transfer illumination editing expression editing

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