Powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing (PBF-AM) technology has attracted substantial attention as an innovative method for rapidly and accurately fabricating complex, near-net-shape metallic components. While stainl...
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Powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing (PBF-AM) technology has attracted substantial attention as an innovative method for rapidly and accurately fabricating complex, near-net-shape metallic components. While stainless steels produced via PBF-AM generally exhibit excellent mechanical properties at room temperature—due to the unique microstructural characteristics formed under steep thermal gradients and rapid cooling rates—their behavior at elevated temperatures remains underexplored. Here, a comprehensive study is conducted on the mechanical behavior of a fine equiaxed-grained316L stainless steel (SS) additively manufactured by the electron-beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) method. Over temperatures ranging from room temperature to 600 °C, EB-PBF 316L SS exhibits isotropic behavior and remarkable tensile properties (yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation) compared to conventional wrought 316L SS. Grain boundary strengthening anddispersion strengthening from amorphous silicon oxide nanoparticles collectively account for the reasonably good room-temperature yield strength, and these particles continue to impede dislocation motion at elevated temperatures. The temperature-dependent mechanical properties of EB-PBF 316L SS are examined in the context of evolving deformation mechanisms and microstructural characteristics. Above 200 °C, deformation twinning is suppressed, whereas dynamic strain aging (dSA) arises between 300 °C and 600 °C. despite the presence of dSA, no abrupt drop in ductility is observed, which is attributed to the formation of sub-grains in the strain-free state through dynamic recrystallization during plastic deformation.
GH 3230 superalloy is a solution strengthening nickel-based superalloy and it is commonly used for fabricating hot components with the service temperature of above 900℃.In order to further improve high-temperature pe...
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GH 3230 superalloy is a solution strengthening nickel-based superalloy and it is commonly used for fabricating hot components with the service temperature of above 900℃.In order to further improve high-temperature performance,nickel-based alloy matrix composites(NMCs)were ***,it is known that laser additive manufacturing is an optional method for fabricating nickel-based ***,the research on ceramic-reinforced GH 3230 fabricated by laser metal deposition(LMd)are highly *** aim of this study is to develop TiC ceramic particle reinforced GH 3230 composites using laser metal deposition(LMd)method and study the effect of TiC content on their microstructure and tensile *** results showed that TiC particles not only changed the intensity and position of the X-ray diffraction peaks of the alloy matrix but also had a significant effect on the refinement of the cellular ***,it was found that an interfacial layer with sub-micrometer thickness was formed between the TiC ceramic particle and the superalloy matrix,which was identified to be(W,Ti)C_(1-x)phase by the *** terms of the as-built composites,the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and yield strength(YS)gradually increased,but elongation(EL)decreased with the increase of TiC *** the as-LMded 10 vol.%TiC/GH3230 composites,UTS and EL reached 1077.0 MPa and 12.4%,*** enhancement of the tensile strength for composites was attributed to the combined effect of grain refinement strengthening,Orowan strengthening,dislocation strengthening and loading-bearing strengthening.
Magnesium and its alloys have garnered significant attention as promising materials for bone tissue engineering, owing to their bone-like density and elastic modulus, favorable mechanical properties, biodegradability,...
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Magnesium and its alloys have garnered significant attention as promising materials for bone tissue engineering, owing to their bone-like density and elastic modulus, favorable mechanical properties, biodegradability, biocompatibility, anddiverse biological activities. However, rapiddegradation, subcutaneous gas formation from H2 release, and osteolysis caused by elevated Mg concentrations have limited its widespread clinical application. In this study, Mg-3.0Gd-1Zn-0.4Zr (GZ31K) alloy with desirable uniform degradation and stress corrosion resistance under extruded anddrawn condition was used as internal fixation implants for fracture healing, while the commercially available WE43 alloy was used as control. Results revealed that GZ31K alloy exhibited refined grain structure, nanoscale distributed stacking faults and superior corrosion resistance compared to WE43 alloy. The corrosion rate of the extruded GZ31K and WE43 alloys are 0.25 mm/year and 0.35 mm/year, meeting the corrosion tolerance threshold for orthopedic implants (<0.5 mm/year). In vitro study demonstrated that GZ31K alloy exhibited pronounced biocompatibilities and osteogenic bioactivities towards rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) compared with WE43 alloy, as evidenced by the enhanced ALP activity level, mineralized nodule formation and expression of osteogenic-related marker genes. In vivo results confirmed that GZ31K alloy retained its above 87.1% structural integrity for up to 8 weeks post-implantation and exhibited better corrosion resistance compared to the WE43 alloy (80.9%). Besides, the Sprague-dawley rats administrated with GZ31K alloy exhibited greater bone volume, trabecular thickness, satisfactory load-bearing performance and surface degradation behavior at 8 weeks post-fracture healing compared to the Kirschner wire and the WE43 alloy. Taken together, these findings highlighted that GZ31K alloy with slower degradation rate, enhanced structural stability, exceptio
Neurological disorders exert significantly affect the quality of life for patients,necessitating effective strategies for nerve *** traditional autologous nerve transplantation and emerging therapeutic approaches enco...
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Neurological disorders exert significantly affect the quality of life for patients,necessitating effective strategies for nerve *** traditional autologous nerve transplantation and emerging therapeutic approaches encounter scientific challenges due to the complex nature of the nervous system and the unsuitability of the surrounding environment for cell *** engineering techniques offer a promising path for *** neural tissue engineering relies on modulating cell differentiation behavior and tissue repair by developing biomaterials that mimic the natural extracellular matrix(ECM)and establish a threedimensional ***-based hydrogels have emerged as a potent option among these biomaterials due to their ability to replicate the structure and complexity of the *** review aims to explore the diverse range of peptide-based hydrogels used in nerve regeneration with a specific focus on dipeptide hydrogels,tripeptide hydrogels,oligopeptide hydrogels,multidomain peptides(MdPs),and amphiphilic peptide hydrogels(PAs).Peptide-based hydrogels offer numerous advantages,including biocompatibility,structural diversity,adjustable mechanical properties,anddegradation without adverse ***,hydrogels formed from self-assembled polypeptide nanofibers,derived from amino acids,show promising potential in engineering neural tissues,outperforming conventional materials like alginate,poly(ε-caprolactone),and ***,the simple design and cost-effectiveness of dipeptidebased hydrogels have enabled the creation of various functional supramolecular structures,with significant implications for nervous system *** hydrogels are expected to play a crucial role in future neural tissue engineering *** review aims to highlight the benefits and potential applications of peptidebased hydrogels,contributing to the advancement of neural tissue engineering.
Herein, we developed a process window for Ni625 alloy fabricated using a Nikon Lasermeister laser powder direct energy deposition unit. The process map illustrates the relationship between the laser power, scan speed,...
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Individuals who are unable to walk independently spend most of the day in a *** population is at high risk for developing pressure injuries caused by ***,early diagnosis and prevention of these injuries still remain *...
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Individuals who are unable to walk independently spend most of the day in a *** population is at high risk for developing pressure injuries caused by ***,early diagnosis and prevention of these injuries still remain ***,we introduce battery-free,wireless,multimodal sensors and a movable system for continuous measurement of pressure,temperature,and hydration at skin *** device design includes a crack-activated pressure sensor with nanoscale encapsulations for enhanced sensitivity,a temperature sensor for measuring skin temperature,and a galvanic skin response sensor for measuring skin hydration *** movable system enables power harvesting,anddata communication to multiple wireless devices mounted at skin-cushion interfaces of wheelchair users over full body *** evaluations and numerical simulations of the devices,together with clinical trials for wheelchair patients,demonstrate the feasibility and stability of the sensor system for preventing pressure injuries caused by sitting.
Introduction: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder closely linked to oxidative stress. Existing evidence suggests a potential link between circadian clock rhythms and oxidative stress. Ho...
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Introduction: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder closely linked to oxidative stress. Existing evidence suggests a potential link between circadian clock rhythms and oxidative stress. However, the precise role of the circadian clock in the progression and treatment of AT remains unclear. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the Achilles tendon circadian clock in AT pathology and explore the potential use of biomaterials for modulating the circadian clock in the treatment of AT. Methods: We utilized in vivo and in vitro models to investigate the alterations of the circadian clock within the Achilles tendon during the progression of AT, as well as its impact on disease development. Additionally, we fabricated Nb2C@CeO2 composites featuring a Schottky heterojunction for regulating the circadian rhythm and validated its therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanism of AT through both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results: The Achilles tendon functioned as a peripheral oscillator with an independent and self-sustained time-keeping system. The rhythm of the Achilles tendon clock was disruptedduring the development of AT, as indicated by the decreased amplitude of Bmal1 and Nrf2 rhythm expression. Mechanistically, the knockdown of Bmal1 disrupted the Achilles tendon clock, thereby destroying the Bmal1-Nrf2 axis dependent molecular defense mechanism, and exacerbating the inflammatory response, whereas overexpression of Bmal1 had a protective effect. Nb2C@CeO2 composites with Schottky heterojunctions enhance intercellular electrical signaling, boosting Bmal1 expression and mitigating AT's pathological changes. Importantly, enhancing Bmal1 expression during its peak, rather than its trough, was more effective. Conclusion: This study identified the protective role of the circadian clock against oxidative stress and inflammation in the Achilles tendon. Achilles tendon c
This paper describes the implementation of transmission-line matrix (TLM) method algorithms on a massively parallel computer (dECmpp 12000), the technique of distributed computing in the UNIX environment, and the comb...
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This paper describes the implementation of transmission-line matrix (TLM) method algorithms on a massively parallel computer (dECmpp 12000), the technique of distributed computing in the UNIX environment, and the combination of TLM analysis with Prony's method as well as with autoregressive moving average (ARMA) digital signal processing for electromagnetic field modelling. By combining these advanced computation techniques, typical electromagnetic field modelling of microwave structures by TLM analysis can be accelerated by a few orders of magnitude.
This PrimeView on 3d extrusion bioprinting accompanies the Primer by Zhang et al. and highlights the main stages of the 3d extrusion bioprinting process.
This PrimeView on 3d extrusion bioprinting accompanies the Primer by Zhang et al. and highlights the main stages of the 3d extrusion bioprinting process.
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