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Machine Intelligence Theory and Applications (MiTA), International Conference on

作者： Nuo Xu Dan-Ting Duan Qiang Yang Xiao-Min Hu Chang-Jun Zhou Zhong-Long Zheng Jian-Min Zhao Sang-Woon Jeon School of Computer Science and Technology (School of Artificial Intelligence) Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua China Key Laboratory of Media Audio & Video Communication University of China Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hanyang University Ansan South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350385670

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385687

The Orienteering Problem (OP) is a well-known route optimization problem with various real-world applications. It aims at finding the most valuable path by visiting a set of nodes within a given path length limit. It involves both the node selection and the path optimization and thus is difficult to solve. Genetic algorithm (GA) is known for its effectiveness in solving combinatorial optimization problems. Inspired from this, this paper adapts the genetic algorithm to solve OP mainly by adapting the crossover operation. To this end, this paper adapts seven popular crossover operations, namely position-based crossover based on order selection (OSPBX), position-based crossover based on greedy selection (GSPBX), order crossover based on order selection (OSOX), order crossover based on greedy selection (GSOX), partially mapped crossover (PMX), heuristic crossover (HX), and sequential constructed crossover (SCX). To further improve the quality of the obtained solution, this paper first leverages the 2-opt method to fine-tune the path and then further devises a vertex insertion method to additionally add more nodes in the fine-tuned path when its travelling length is within the given limit. Experiments have been conducted on various OP instances from small-scale to large-scale to investigate the effectiveness of the adapted GA with the seven crossover operators. The experimental results reveal that the adapted GA with seven crossover operators are very promising for solving OP.

关键词： Encoding Optimization Machine intelligence Genetic algorithms

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Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Continual Learning: A Neural Tangent Kernel Perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Jingren Ji, Zhong Yu, YunLong Cao, Jiale Pang, Yanwei Han, Jungong Li, Xuelong School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai200232 China College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Department of Computer Science The University of Sheffield United Kingdom China Telecom Corp Ltd 31 Jinrong Street Beijing100033 China

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning for continual learning (PEFT-CL) has shown promise in adapting pre-trained models to sequential tasks while mitigating catastrophic forgetting problem. However, understanding the mechanisms that dictate continual performance in this paradigm remains elusive. To tackle this complexity, we undertake a rigorous analysis of PEFT-CL dynamics to derive relevant metrics for continual scenarios using Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) theory. With the aid of NTK as a mathematical analysis tool, we recast the challenge of test-time forgetting into the quantifiable generalization gaps during training, identifying three key factors that influence these gaps and the performance of PEFT-CL: training sample size, task-level feature orthogonality, and regularization. To address these challenges, we introduce NTK-CL, a novel framework that eliminates task-specific parameter storage while adaptively generating task-relevant features. Aligning with theoretical guidance, NTK-CL triples the feature representation of each sample, theoretically and empirically reducing the magnitude of both task-interplay and task-specific generalization gaps. Grounded in NTK analysis, our approach imposes an adaptive exponential moving average mechanism and constraints on task-level feature orthogonality, maintaining intra-task NTK forms while attenuating inter-task NTK forms. Ultimately, by fine-tuning optimizable parameters with appropriate regularization, NTK-CL achieves state-of-the-art performance on established PEFT-CL benchmarks. This work provides a theoretical foundation for understanding and improving PEFT-CL models, offering insights into the interplay between feature representation, task orthogonality, and generalization, contributing to the development of more efficient continual learning systems. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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A Double-Side Self-Tuning IPT Converter Immune to Parameters Variation Under Misalignment Condition

A Double-Side Self-Tuning IPT Converter Immune to Parameters...

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Bowei Zou Zhicong Huang Io-Wa Iam Lam Chi-Seng Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI University of Macau Macau China Institute of Microelectronics University of Macau Macau China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau Macau China

ISBN: (数字)9781665464543

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464550

For inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, the loosely coupled transformer (LCT) is a crucial component. Variations in the air gap can lead to fluctuations in the parameters of the LCT, such as self-inductance and mutual inductance, caused by positional deviations of the ferrite cores on both sides. However, such variable LCT parameters can damage the resonant tank, thus impacting transmission efficiency and output stability. To address this issue, this paper proposes a self-tuning S/S IPT system based on switch-controlled capacitors (SCCs). The system utilizes gradient descent methods independently on double-side to achieve decoupled tuning control. This approach effectively mitigates the impact of LCT parameter fluctuations without requiring wireless communication. Furthermore, all switches in the system operate at fixed frequencies and implement soft switching. Finally, a prototype is constructed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed system.

关键词： Wireless communication Fluctuations Capacitors Air gaps Prototypes Switches Transformer cores Transformers Steady-state Tuning

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Nonsaturated large magnetoresistance and transport dynamics in a n-doped cryogenic WSe2 field-effect device

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Physical Review B 2025年第12期111卷 125307-125307页

作者： Wei-Chen Lin Ching-Chen Yeh Jia-Zhu Zou Nhat Anh Nguyen Phan Inayat Uddin Hai Yen Le Thi Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Gil-Ho Kim Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 164 Republic of Korea Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nano Technology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan

Interest in the two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) continues to intensify, driven by their suitable band gaps to supplant silicon as next-generation semiconductor materials. Among various TMDs, tungsten diselenide (WSe2) is renowned for its superior electrical properties in carrier density and mobility under ambient conditions. Despite its notable attributes, the behavior of monolayer WSe2 in the electron-doped regime under cryogenic conditions remains largely uncharted, particularly concerning its magnetotransport properties. In this study, we reveal the transport mechanisms of monolayer WSe2 from high temperatures down to the cryogenic regime. As evident by Efros–Shklovskii variable-range hopping (E-S VRH) in the cryogenic regime, strong Coulomb interactions arise between electrons. Above 8 K, an uncommon nonsaturated quadratic large magnetoresistance (MR) can be explained by the wave-function shrinkage model, which is consistent with the E-S VRH transport mechanism. Notably, the nonsaturated quadratic large MR shows a magnitude up to 1740% at 13 T. These findings underscore the potential applications for monolayer WSe2 in cryogenic field-effect devices, magnetic sensors, and memory devices and mark a significant advance in magnetotransport research.

关键词： Monolayers

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Deterministic remote entanglement using a chiral quantum interconnect

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Almanakly, Aziza Yankelevich, Beatriz Hays, Max Kannan, Bharath Assouly, Réouven Greene, Alex Gingras, Michael Niedzielski, Bethany M. Stickler, Hannah Schwartz, Mollie E. Serniak, Kyle Wang, Joel I.-J. Orlando, Terry P. Gustavsson, Simon Grover, Jeffrey A. Oliver, William D. Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology LexingtonMA02421 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Quantum interconnects facilitate entanglement distribution between non-local computational nodes. For superconducting processors, microwave photons are a natural means to mediate this distribution. However, many existing architectures limit node connectivity and directionality. In this work, we construct a chiral quantum interconnect between two nominally identical modules in separate microwave packages. We leverage quantum interference to emit and absorb microwave photons on demand and in a chosen direction between these modules. We optimize the protocol using model-free reinforcement learning to maximize absorption efficiency. By halting the emission process halfway through its duration, we generate remote entanglement between modules in the form of a four-qubit W state with 62.4±1.6% (leftward photon propagation) and 62.1±1.2% (rightward) fidelity, limited mainly by propagation loss. A chiral quantum network comprising many modules provides a platform for the exploration of novel many-body physics and quantum simulation. This quantum network architecture enables all-to-all connectivity between non-local processors for modular and extensible quantum computation. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Quantum advantage for differential equation analysis

引用

Physical Review A 2022年第2期105卷 022415-022415页

作者： Bobak Toussi Kiani Giacomo De Palma Dirk Englund William Kaminsky Milad Marvian Seth Lloyd Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Giacomo De Palma Scuola Normale Superiore 56126 Pisa Italy QuEra Computing Boston Massachusetts 02143 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Center for Quantum Information and Control University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA

Quantum algorithms for differential equation solving, data processing, and machine learning potentially offer an exponential speedup over all known classical algorithms. However, there also exist obstacles to obtaining this potential speedup in useful problem instances. The essential obstacle for quantum differential equation solving is that outputting useful information may require difficult postprocessing, and the essential obstacle for quantum data processing and machine learning is that inputting the data is a difficult task just by itself. In this study, we demonstrate that, when combined, these difficulties solve one another. We show how the output of quantum differential equation solving can serve as the input for quantum data processing and machine learning, allowing dynamical analysis in terms of principal components, power spectra, and wavelet decompositions. To illustrate this, we consider continuous-time Markov processes on epidemiological and social networks. These quantum algorithms provide an exponential advantage over existing classical Monte Carlo methods.

关键词： Machine learning Quantum algorithms Quantum computation Markovian processes Numerical techniques

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Electrochemical Detection of Lactate and Glucose with Enzyme-Free and Dual-Sensing Using Nickel-Oxide Nanoparticles

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Nasiri, Rohollah Guagliano, Giuseppe Van Gastel, Dirkje Sanei, Reihaneh Madadelahi, Masoud Tanriverdi, Selim Jain, Saumey Fayazbaksh, Farzaneh Lee, Sang Won Zhu, Yangzhi Joensson, Haakan N. Russom, Aman Herland, Anna Division of Nanobiotechnology Department of Protein Science Science for Life Laboratory KTH Royal Institute of Technology Solna Sweden AIMES Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences Department of Neuroscience Karolinska Institute Solna Sweden Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy Division of Micro and Nanosystems Department of Intelligent Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation Los AngelesCA90064 United States

Detection and monitoring of lactate and glucose levels in biological fluids and cell cultures are critical for understanding metabolic disorders. While electrochemical biosensors are commonly used, traditional enzymatic sensors face stability, reproducibility, and cost challenges. To address these issues, we developed non-enzymatic sensors using nanostructured electrodes, specifically nickel oxide (NiO)-based, for lactate and glucose detection. The sensors were fabricated by drop-casting a NiO/Nafion/ethanol dispersion onto the working electrode, with performance evaluated through cyclic voltammetry and amperometry. Optimal sensitivity and linearity were achieved at a working voltage of ~0.5 V. To address glucose interference, sensors were modified with Prussian Blue, creating a dual sensor for lactate and glucose. The sensors respectively exhibited linear responses for lactate (0.1 – 5 mM) and glucose (0.1 – 5 mM) with detection limits of 0.60 mM and 0.35 mM, and it showed sensitivities of 0.43 ± 0.05 µA/mM (lactate) and 0.82 ± 0.02 µA/mM (glucose) in phosphate buffer solution. Validation against the lactate and glucose assay kits in a cell culture medium showed good agreement, highlighting the potential of these enzyme-free electrochemical sensors for metabolic analysis. Finally, the sensor was integrated with a microfluidic device, demonstrating its potential as a flow-through, enzyme-free metabolic sensor for future organ-on-chip applications. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cyclic voltammetry

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Roles of UAVs, Robots, and AI in Earthquake Disaster Management

Roles of UAVs, Robots, and AI in Earthquake Disaster Managem...

引用

International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, electrical and Power engineering (REEPE)

作者： Mohamed S. Abdalzaher Mostafa Shaaban Moez Krichen Raafat Aburukba Electrical Engineering Department American University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE Seismology Department National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics Cairo Egypt Energy Water and Sustainable Environment Research Center American University of Sharjah Al-Baha University Al-Baha Saudi Arabia ReDCAD Laboratory University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia Computer Science and Engineering Department American University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE

ISBN: (数字)9798331531836

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531843

Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters, causing widespread loss of life, property, and infrastructure. Effective disaster management is essential to minimize their impact. This article examines the critical roles of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), robots, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in earthquake disaster management across the phases of pre-disaster preparedness, real-time response, during the event, and after the disaster. The paper explores various types of UAVs and robots utilized for earthquake monitoring, highlights their advantages, and addresses the challenges associated with their deployment. Besides, the types of robots are also addressed to contribute to earthquake disaster management and to alleviating the consequences. By leveraging these advanced technologies, disaster response and recovery efforts can be significantly enhanced, offering new possibilities for resilience and efficiency in managing earthquake-related emergencies.

关键词： Power engineering Disasters Earthquakes Disaster management Real-time systems Risk management Artificial intelligence Robots Monitoring Resilience

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Avalanching patterns of irregular sand particles in continual discrete flow

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第2期29卷 309-314页

作者： Ren Han Yu-Feng Zhang Ran Li Quan Chen Jing-Yu Feng Ping Kong School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging Department of Science and Liberal ArtShanghai University of Medicine and Health SciencesShanghai 201318China

We investigate the flow patterns of irregular sand particles under avalanching mode in a rotating drum by using the spatial filtering velocimetry *** exploring the variations of velocity distribution of granular flow,we find a type of avalanching pattern of irregular sand particles which is similar to that of spherical particles *** to the fact that the initial position of avalanche in this pattern locates at the middle of the drum and the avalanche propagates toward the edge area gradually,we named it as mid-to-edge avalanching ***,we find another avalanching pattern which slumps from the edge and propagates toward the opposite edge of the flow surface,named as edge-to-edge *** analyzing the temporal and spatial characteristics of these two types of avalanching patterns,we discover that these two types of avalanche patterns are caused by that the avalanching particles constantly perturb the axial adjacent ***,the particles on the flow surface are involved in avalanching sequentially in order of the axial distance from the initial position.

关键词： spatial filtering velocimetry(SFV)method avalanching pattern velocity distribution irregular particles

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Mechatronic Design for Multi Robots-Insect Swarms Interactions

Mechatronic Design for Multi Robots-Insect Swarms Interactio...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM)

作者： Fatemeh Rekabi-Bana Martin Stefanec Jiří Ulrich Erhan E. Keyvan Tomáš Rouček George Broughton Bilal Y. Gündeǧer Ömer Sahin Ali E. Turgut Erol Şahin Tomáš Krajník Thomas Schmickl Farshad Arvin Department of Computer Science Swarm & Computational Intelligence Laboratory (SwaCIL) Durham University UK Artificial Life Lab University of Graz Austria Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University Czechia Middle East Technical University Türkiye

This paper presents the concept of a robotic system collaborating with a swarm of social insects inside their hive. This robot consists of a micro-and macro-manipulator and a tracking system. The micro-manipulator uses bio-mimetic agents to interact with an individual specimen. The macromanipulator positions and keeps the micro-manipulator’s base around the given individual while moving in the hive. This individual is tracked by a fiducial marker-based visual detection and localisation system, which also provides positions of the biomimetic agents. The base of the system was experimentally verified in a honeybee observation hive, where it flawlessly tracked the honeybee queen for several hours, gathering sufficient data to extract the behaviours of honeybee workers in the queen’s vicinity. These data were then used in simulation to verify if the micro-manipulator’s bio-mimetic agents could mimic some of the honeybee workers’ behaviours.

关键词： Visualization Mechatronics Tracking Databases Machine vision Insects Data models

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