The miniaturization and portability of electrochemical sensing devices play a crucial role in a wide range of applications, including medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and point-of-care testing. Integrating a pseudo-reference electrode addresses challenges linked to traditional counterparts, ensuring enhanced portability and miniaturization without performance compromise. Our research delves into the significance of this innovation, emphasizing its impact on signal stability, reproducibility, and overall sensor reliability. The tailored pseudo-reference for compact electrochemical devices contributes to a highly efficient, cost-effective, and user-friendly design, ideal for point-of-care diagnostics and field applications. This work showcases the design, implementation, and performance evaluation of a portable electrochemical sensing system with a pseudo-reference-integrated readout circuit, improving reliability under diverse operating conditions. In the proposed research, we present the design and implementation of a dual-channel configurable multiplexed sensing platform utilizing thread-based electrochemical sensors for continuous potentiometric and amperometric measurements.

For the pH sensor, the fabrication process initiates with the cleaning (using isopropyl alcohol) and subsequent plasma treatment of polysorb sutures. The cleaned sutures undergo multiple coatings (4 cycles) with conductive carbon ink, followed by baking at 60°C for 30 to 35 minutes to ensure uniform conductivity. Carbon-coated (CC) sutures undergo electrochemical pre-treatment in a solution of 0.50 M H₂SO₄ and 0.10 M KCl, followed by electrodeposition with polyaniline (PANI) using potentiometric deposition at 0.80 V in the presence of 0.50 M aniline in a solution containing 1.0 M H₂SO₄. An insulating polymer layer of 5% polyurethane (PU) is applied at the sensor's center, leaving ends exposed for electrical connections and