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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kim, Ki Seok Seo, Seunghwan Kwon, Junyoung Lee, Doyoon Kim, Changhyun Jung-El, Ryu Kim, Jekyung Song, Min-Kyu Suh, Jun Min Jung, Hang-Gyo Jo, Youhwan Ahn, Hogeun Lee, Sangho Cho, Kyeongjae Jeon, Jongwook Seol, Minsu Park, Jin-Hong Kim, Sang Won Kim, Jeehwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States 2D Device Laboratory Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Suwon Korea Republic of Device Research Center Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Suwon Korea Republic of Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Texas at Dallas RichardsonTX75080 United States Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

The demand for the three-dimensional (3D) integration of electronic components is on a steady rise. The through-silicon-via (TSV) technique emerges as the only viable method for integrating single-crystalline device components in a 3D format, despite encountering significant processing challenges. While monolithic 3D (M3D) integration schemes show promise, the seamless connection of single-crystalline semiconductors without intervening wafers has yet to be demonstrated. This challenge arises from the inherent difficulty of growing single crystals on amorphous or polycrystalline surfaces post the back-end-of-the-line process at low temperatures to preserve the underlying circuitry. Consequently, a practical growth-based solution for M3D of single crystals remains elusive. Here, we present a method for growing single-crystalline channel materials, specifically composed of transition metal dichalcogenides, on amorphous and polycrystalline surfaces at temperatures lower than 400 °C. Building on this developed technique, we demonstrate the seamless monolithic integration of vertical single-crystalline logic transistor arrays. This accomplishment leads to the development of unprecedented vertical CMOS arrays, thereby constructing vertical inverters. Ultimately, this achievement sets the stage to pave the way for M3D integration of various electronic and optoelectronic hardware in the form of single crystals. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Single crystals

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Ultra-broadband suppression of sound scattering via illusion metamaterials

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Chenkai Ma, Chu Lai, Yun Fang, Nicholas X. MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison WI53706 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong

The scattering of waves is a ubiquitous phenomenon in physics, yet there are numerous scenarios, such as the pursuit of invisibility, where suppressing it is of utmost importance. In comparison to prior methods which are restricted by limited bandwidths, here we present a technique to suppress sound scattering across an ultra-broad spectrum by utilizing illusion metamaterials. This illusion metamaterial, consisting of subwavelength tunnels with precisely crafted internal structures, has the ability to guide acoustic waves around the obstacles and recreate the incoming wavefront on the exit surface. Consequently, two ultra-broadband illusionary effects are produced: "disappearing space" and "time shift". Simultaneously, all signs of sound scattering are removed across an exceptionally wide spectrum, ranging from the quasistatic limit to an upper limit of the spectrum, as confirmed by full-wave simulations and acoustic experiments. Our approach represents a major step forward in the development of broadband functional metamaterials and holds the potential to revolutionize various fields, including acoustic camouflage and reverberation control. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Acoustic fields

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Elastic Dipole Alignment is the Origin of Anelasticity and Electrostriction in Aliovalent-Doped Ceria

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Lavie, Anna Xu, Boyuan Khodorov, Sergey Singh, Harishchandra Liu, Jinghe Hajbi, Tal-El Wachtel, Ellen Feldman, Yishay Ehre, David Donetsky, Dmitri Frenkel, Anatoly I. Qi, Yue Lubomirsky, Igor Dept. Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel Department of Physics Brown University ProvidenceRI02912 United States Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY11794 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY11794 United States Department of Chemical Research Support Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY11973 United States School of Engineering Brown University ProvidenceRI02912 United States

We investigated the nature of recently discovered anelasticity and electrostriction in aliovalent ceria. DC bias ≤10 kV/cm was applied to trivalent-doped ceria ceramics. ~20nm thick TaOx was used as a blocking layer at the Ta electrode/ceramic interface. Strain was monitored in-situ with X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The electric field produces out-of-plane tensile strain ≤ 1200ppm near the positive electrode. Upon field removal, strain persists for ≥ 24h at 300K but is fully reversible following 5h at 413 K. The positive strain is not due to compositional change;rather, it is anelastic residual strain, confirming the existence of elastic dipoles. From the dopant concentration dependence of the saturation strain, the elastic dipole extent is estimated to be ~1.9 unit cells. DFT predicts formation of extended elastic dipoles due to interacting oxygen vacancies and trivalent dopants. Combining DFT and molecular dynamics calculations, we offer a model that explains key experimental observations: absence of zero-field elastic dipole;contraction in the direction of electric field on a time scale ≤ 4 sec;and large expansion in the DC electric field after 14h. The proposed model may describe anelasticity and electrostriction in other ionic conductors where they originate from vacancy-induced elastic dipoles. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray absorption spectroscopy

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Leveraging Electric Vehicles to Enhance Resilience of Interconnected Power-Transportation System Under Natural Hazards

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2023年

作者： Kong, Lingming Zhang, Hongcai Xie, Dunjian Dai, Ningyi The State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau 999078 China The Zhuhai UM Science Technology Research Institute Guangdong Zhuhai519031 China Institute of Catastrophe Risk Management Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore

The rapid development of transportation electrification brings about the popularity of interconnected power-transportation systems (IPTS). However, the escalating frequency and uncertainty of natural hazards, such as typhoons, pose threats and potential damage to the operation of IPTS. Electric vehicles (EVs) can serve as mobile energy sources, whose proper scheduling in transportation networks can provide power support for the damaged power networks caused by natural hazards, thus enhancing the system’s resilience. This paper proposes a two-stage scenario-based scheduling framework using EVs for the restoration of an IPTS under natural hazard risks. In the first stage, EVs are pre-allocated and pre-charged at the charging stations to maximize their support potential against the predicted hazards;in the second stage, EVs are re-dispatched among different charging stations to help restore the power demands given the damaged IPTS topology. To address the real hazard scenarios and reduce the computational burden, a scenario generation approach indicating the real hazard’s impact on the IPTS is proposed followed by a scenario-reduction algorithm. Numerical experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method based on the IEEE 33-bus distribution network and the Sioux Falls transportation network. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Electric vehicles

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Who benefits from altmetrics? The effect of team gender composition on the link between online visibility and citation impact

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Vásárhelyi, Orsolya Horvát, Emoke-Ágnes Laboratory for Networks Technology and Innovation Centre for Advanced Studies Corvinus University Budapest Hungary Department of Communication Studies School of Communication Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Computer Science McCormick School of Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States EvanstonIL United States

Online science dissemination has quickly become crucial in promoting scholars' work. Recent literature has demonstrated a lack of visibility for women's research, where women's articles receive fewer academic citations than men's. The informetric and scientometric community has briefly examined gender-based inequalities in online visibility. However, the link between online sharing of scientific work and citation impact for teams with different gender compositions remains understudied. Here we explore whether online visibility is helping women overcome the gender-based citation penalty. Our analyses cover the three broad research areas of computer science, engineering, and Social sciences, which have different gender representation, adoption of online science dissemination practices, and citation culture. We create a quasi-experimental setting by applying Coarsened Exact Matching, which enables us to isolate the effects of team gender composition and online visibility on the number of citations. We find that online visibility positively affects citations across research areas, while team gender composition interacts differently with visibility in these research areas. Our results provide essential insights into gendered citation patterns and online visibility, inviting informed discussions about decreasing the citation gap. © 2023, CC0.

关键词： Visibility

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Photoinduced Patterning of Oxygen Vacancies to Promote the Ferroelectric Phase of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Beechem, Thomas E. Vega, Fernando Jaszewski, Samantha T. Aronson, Benjamin L. Kelley, Kyle P. Ihlefeld, Jon F. School of Mechanical Engineering Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37381 United States Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States

Photoinduced reductions in the oxygen vacancy concentration were leveraged to increase the ferroelectric phase fraction of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) thin-films. Modest (∼ 0.02 − 0.77 mJ/µm2) laser doses of visible light (488 nm, 2.54 eV) spatially patterned the concentration of oxygen vacancies as monitored by photoluminescence imaging. Local, tip-based, near-field, nanoFTIR measurements showed that the photoinduced oxygen vacancy concentration reduction promoted formation of the ferroelectric phase (space group Pca21) resulting in an increase in the piezoelectric response measured by piezoresponse force microscopy. Photoinduced vacancy tailoring provides, therefore, a spatially prescriptive, post-synthesis, and low-entry method to modify phase in HfO2-based materials. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Ferroelectricity

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UAV-Assisted Downlink-and-Uplink Communication in the Presence of Multiple Malicious Jammers

UAV-Assisted Downlink-and-Uplink Communication in the Presen...

引用

IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Zhiyu Huang Zhichao Sheng Ali A. Nasir Cheng Yin Antonino Masaracchia Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks Shanghai University Shanghai China Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Communication Systems and Sensing KFUPM Dhahran Saudi Arabia Institute for Communication Systems University of Surrey U.K. School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen’s University Belfast Belfast U.K.

This paper investigates the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication network with multiple downlink users (DLUs) and uplink users (ULUs) in the presence of multiple malicious jammers. To guarantee fairness among the users and their uplink and downlink communication throughput, we aim to maximize the minimum average throughput by jointly optimizing the scheduling of ULUs/DLUs, three dimensional (3D) trajectory and the UAV transmission power. Although the optimization problem is computationally intractable due to its non-convexity, we develop an iterative algorithm based on the block coordinate descend approach and the successive convex approximation technique to solve the problem efficiently. Numerical outcomes show that our proposed algorithm can improve throughput significantly over several benchmark schemes.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Processor scheduling Benchmark testing Throughput Autonomous aerial vehicles Downlink Scheduling

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Matrix Completion over Finite Fields: Bounds and Belief Propagation Algorithms

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Soleymani, Mahdi Liu, Qiang Mahdavifar, Hessam Balzano, Laura Halıcıoglu Data Science Institute University of California San Diego United States The State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China The Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States

We consider the low rank matrix completion problem over finite fields. This problem has been extensively studied in the domain of real/complex numbers, however, to the best of authors' knowledge, there exists merely one efficient algorithm to tackle the problem in the binary field, due to Saunderson et al. [1]. In this paper, we improve upon the theoretical guarantees for the algorithm provided in [1]. Furthermore, we formulate a new graphical model for the matrix completion problem over the finite field of size q, Fq, and present a message passing (MP) based approach to solve this problem. The proposed algorithm is the first one for the considered matrix completion problem over finite fields of arbitrary size. Our proposed method has a significantly lower computational complexity, reducing it from O(n2r+3) in [1] down to O(n2) (where, the underlying matrix has dimension n × n and r denotes its rank), while also improving the performance. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Message passing

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Comparative Studies of CdZnTe, CdMnTe, and CdZnTeSe Materials for Room-Temperature Nuclear Detection Applications

Comparative Studies of CdZnTe, CdMnTe, and CdZnTeSe Material...

引用

2021 IEEE Nuclear science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2021

作者： Egarievwe, Stephen U. Soto, Stephan D. Sykes, Simeon W. Fuller, Leslie J. Alsbrooks, Quentin J. Alim, Mohammad A. Roy, Utpal N. Agbalagba, Ezekiel O. Drabro, Mebougna L. James, Ralph B. Alabama A and M University Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science Center Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science NormalAL35762 United States Federal University of Petroleum Resources Department of Physics Delta State Effurun Nigeria Alabama A and M University Department of Mechanical Engineering NormalAL35762 United States Brookhaven National Laboratory Department of Nonproliferation and National Security UptonNY11973 United States Science and Technology Savannah River National Laboratory AikenSC29808 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421133

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) and its ternary and quaternary compounds have found applications in the development of X-ray and gamma-ray detectors used in nuclear detection and medical imaging applications. Example of these detectors include CdZnTe (CZT), CdMnTe (CMT), and CdZnTeSe (CZTS). These nuclear detectors can operate at room temperature without cryogenic cooling. This paper presents comparative studies of these semiconductor material. The properties studied include detector resistivity, Te inclusions, grain boundary networks, mobility/lifetime of the charge carriers, and energy resolution. The effects of passivation with chemicals such as KOH and NH4F, are also presented. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies showed increase in the quantity of TeO2 on surfaces of these materials after passivation in KOH and NH4F. While CZT detector has wide commercial availability, it has more Te inclusions and grain boundary network compared to CZTS. CMT and CZTS have better crystal uniformity than CZT. The comparatively low presence of Te inclusions and grain boundary network in CZTS gives it a higher crystal growth yield for detector-grade material. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Gamma rays

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Resistance Distances in Simplicial Networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhu, Mingzhe Xu, Wanyue Zhang, Zhongzhi Kan, Haibin Chen, Guanrong Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shanghai Engineering Research Institute of Blockchain School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai200433 China Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

It is well known that in many real networks, such as brain networks and scientific collaboration networks, there exist higher-order nonpairwise relations among nodes, i.e., interactions between among than two nodes at a time. This simplicial structure can be described by simplicial complexes and has an important effect on topological and dynamical properties of networks involving such group interactions. In this paper, we study analytically resistance distances in iteratively growing networks with higher-order interactions characterized by the simplicial structure that is controlled by a parameter q. We derive exact formulas for interesting quantities about resistance distances, including Kirchhoff index, additive degree-Kirchhoff index, multiplicative degree-Kirchhoff index, as well as average resistance distance, which have found applications in various areas elsewhere. We show that the average resistance distance tends to a q-dependent constant, indicating the impact of simplicial organization on the structural robustness measured by average resistance distance. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Complex networks

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