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Faithful quantum teleportation via a nanophotonic nonlinear Bell state analyzer

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Akin, Joshua Zhao, Yunlei Kwiat, Paul G. Goldschmidt, Elizabeth A. Fang, Kejie Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Illinois Quantum Information Science and Technology Center University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

Quantum networking protocols, including quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping, use linear-optical Bell state measurements for heralding the distribution and transfer of quantum information. However, a linear-optical Bell state measurement requires identical photons and is susceptible to errors caused by multiphoton emission, fundamentally limiting the efficiency and fidelity of quantum networking protocols. Here we show a nonlinear Bell state analyzer for time-bin encoded photons based on a nanophotonic cavity with efficient sum-frequency generation to filter multiphoton emissions, and utilize it for faithful quantum teleportation involving spectrally distinct photons with fidelities ≥ 94% down to the single-photon level. Our result demonstrates that nonlinear-optical entangling operations, empowered by our efficient nanophotonics platform, can realize faithful quantum information protocols without requiring identical photons and without the fundamental limit on the efficiency and fidelity of a Bell state measurement imposed by linear optics, which facilitates the realization of practical quantum networks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanophotonics

Fiber-optic nonlinear wavelength converter for adaptive femtosecond biophotonics

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Geng Shi, Jindou Iyer, Rishyashring R. Sorrells, Janet E. Tu, Haohua Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

Broad and safe access to ultrafast laser technology has been hindered by the absence of optical fiber-delivered pulses with tunable central wavelength, pulse repetition rate, and pulse width in the picosecond-femtosecond regime. To address this long-standing obstacle, we developed a reliable accessory for femtosecond ytterbium fiber chirped pulse amplifiers, termed as fiber-optic nonlinear wavelength converter (FNWC), as an adaptive optical source for the emergent field of femtosecond biophotonics. This accessory embowers the fixed-wavelength laser to produce fiber delivered ~20 nJ pulses with central wavelength across 950-1150 nm, repetition rate across 1-10 MHz, and pulse width across 40-400 fs, with a long-term stability of >2000 hrs. As a prototypical label-free application in biology and medicine, we demonstrate the utility of FNWC in real-time intravital imaging synergistically integrated with modern machine learning and large-scale fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Nonlinear optics

Emergent Hidden Multipolar State in the Triangular Lattice Magnet TmZn2GaO5

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ennis, Matthew Bag, Rabindranath Cookmeyer, Tessa Stone, Matthew B. Kolesnikov, Alexander I. Hong, Tao Balents, Leon Haravifard, Sara Department of Physics Duke University DurhamNC United States Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics University of California Santa BarbaraCA United States Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University DurhamNC United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University DurhamNC United States

TmZn2GaO5 is a newly synthesized triangular lattice magnet that exhibits a unique quantum phase characterized by strong Ising anisotropy, a pseudo-doublet crystal electric field ground state, and a low-energy gapped excitation at the K point. Unlike its well-known counterparts, TmMgGaO4 and YbMgGaO4, this material crystallizes in a distinct hexagonal structure, leading to a cleaner platform for investigating frustrated magnetism. Magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and inelastic neutron scattering measurements confirm the absence of long-range magnetic order down to 50 mK, placing TmZn2GaO5 in a distinct region of the transverse-field Ising model phase diagram. Theoretical calculations based on spin-wave theory and mean-field modeling reproduce key experimental observations, reinforcing the material’s placement in a quantum disordered/multipolar state. These results highlight its potential for exploring quantum disordered states, anisotropic excitations, and exotic quantum phases in frustrated spin systems. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic susceptibility

Quantum Emitters in Aluminum Nitride Induced by Zirconium Ion Implantation

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Senichev, Alexander Martin, Zachariah O. Wang, Yongqiang Matthiessen, Owen M. Lagutchev, Alexei Htoon, Han Boltasseva, Alexandra Shalaev, Vladimir M. Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Birck Nanotechnology Center and Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute Purdue University 610 Purdue Mall West LafayetteIN47907 United States Quantum Science Center Department of Energy A National Quantum Information Science Research Center of the U.S Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 Bethel Valley Road Oak RidgeTN37830 United States

The integration of solid-state single-photon sources with foundry-compatible photonic platforms is crucial for practical and scalable quantum photonic applications. This study investigates aluminum nitride (AlN) as a material with properties highly suitable for integrated on-chip photonics specifically due to AlN capacity to host defect-center related single-photon emitters. We conduct a comprehensive study of the creation and photophysical properties of single-photon emitters in AlN utilizing Zirconium (Zr) and Krypton (Kr) heavy ion implantation and thermal annealing techniques. Guided by theoretical predictions, we assess the potential of Zr ions to create optically addressable spin-defects and employ Kr ions as an alternative approach that targets lattice defects without inducing chemical doping effects. With the 532 nm excitation wavelength, we found that single-photon emitters induced by ion implantation are primarily associated with vacancy-type defects in the AlN lattice for both Zr and Kr ions. The emitter density increases with the ion fluence, and there is an optimal value for the high density of emitters with low AlN background fluorescence. Additionally, under shorter excitation wavelength of 405 nm, Zr-implanted AlN exhibits isolated point-like emitters, which can be related to Zr-based defect complexes. This study provides important insights into the formation and properties of single-photon emitters in aluminum nitride induced by heavy ion implantation, contributing to the advancement of the aluminum nitride platform for on-chip quantum photonic applications. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Aluminum nitride

Microheater hotspot engineering for repeatable multi-level switching in foundry-processed phase change silicon photonics

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sun, Hongyi Lian, Chuanyu Vásquez-Aza, Francis Kari, Sadra Rahimi Huang, Yi-Siou Restelli, Alessandro Vitale, Steven A. Takeuchi, Ichiro Hu, Juejun Youngblood, Nathan Pavlidis, Georges Ríos Ocampo, Carlos A. Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Connecticut StorrsCT06269 United States Electrical & Computer Engineering Department The University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15213 United States Joint Quantum Institute Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Advanced Materials and Microsystems Group MIT Lincoln Laboratory LexingtonMA02139 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering MIT CambridgeMA02139 United States

Nonvolatile photonic integrated circuits employing phase change materials have relied either on optical switching mechanisms with precise multi-level control but poor scalability or electrical switching with seamless integration and scalability but mostly limited to a binary response. Recent works have demonstrated electrical multi-level switching;however, they relied on the stochastic nucleation process to achieve partial crystallization with low demonstrated repeatability and cyclability. Here, we re-engineer waveguide-integrated microheaters to achieve precise spatial control of the temperature profile (i.e., hotspot) and, thus, switch deterministic areas of an embedded phase change material cell. We experimentally demonstrate this concept using a variety of foundry-processed doped-silicon microheaters on a silicon-on-insulator platform to trigger multi-step amorphization and reversible switching of Sb2Se3 and Ge2Sb2Se4Te alloys. We further characterize the response of our microheaters using Transient Thermoreflectance Imaging. Our approach combines the deterministic control resulting from a spatially resolved glassy-crystalline distribution with the scalability of electro-thermal switching devices, thus paving the way to reliable multi-level switching towards robust reprogrammable phase-change photonic devices for analog processing and computing. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Scalability

Efficient, High-purity, Robust Sound Frequency Conversion with a Linear Metasurface

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Hu, Chengbo Wang, Wei Ni, Jincheng Ding, Yujiang Weng, Jingkai Liang, Bin Qiu, Cheng-Wei Cheng, Jianchun Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics MOE Institute of Acoustics Department of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore

The intrinsic limitation of the material nonlinearity inevitably results in the poor mode purity, conversion efficiency and real-time reconfigurability of the generated harmonic waves, both in optics and acoustics. Rotational Doppler effect provides us an intuitive paradigm to shifting the frequency in a linear system, which needs to be facilitated by a spiraling phase change upon the wave propagation. Here we numerically and experimentally present a rotating linear vortex metasurface and achieve close-to-unity mode purity (above 95%) and conversion efficiency (above 65%) in audible sound frequency as low as 3000 Hz. The topological charge of the transmitted sound is almost immune from the rotational speed and transmissivity, demonstrating the mechanical robustness and stability in adjusting the high-performance frequency conversion in situ. These features enable us to cascade multiple vortex metasurfaces to further enlarge and diversify the extent of sound frequency conversion, which are experimentally verified. Our strategy takes a step further towards the freewheeling sound manipulation at acoustic frequency domain, and may have far-researching impacts in various acoustic communications, signal processing, and contactless detection. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vortex flow

Characterization of non-Markovianity with maximal extractable qubit-reservoir entanglement

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Han, Pei-Rong Wu, Fan Huang, Xin-Jie Wu, Huai-Zhi Yi, Wei Wen, Jianming Yang, Zhen-Biao Zheng, Shi-Biao School of Physics and Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Longyan University Longyan364012 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics College of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou350108 China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Binghamton University BinghamtonNY13902 United States Department of Physics Kennesaw State University MariettaGA30060 United States Hefei National Laboratory Hefei230088 China

Understanding the dynamical behavior of a qubit in a reservoir is critical to applications in quantum technological protocols, ranging from quantum computation to quantum metrology. The effect of the reservoir depends on reservoir’s spectral structure, as well as on the qubit-reservoir coupling strength. We here propose a measure for quantifying the non-Markovian effect of a reservoir with a Lorentzian spectrum, based on the maximum qubit-reservoir quantum entanglement that can be extracted. Numerical simulation shows this entanglement exhibits a monotonous behavior in response to the variation of the coupling strength. We confirm the validity of this measure with an experiment, where a superconducting qubit is controllably coupled to a lossy resonator, which acts as a reservoir for the qubit. The experimental results illustrate the maximal extractable entanglement is progressively increased with the strengthening of the non-Markovianity. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Wireless Distributed Networks for 6G

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Jiayi Liu, Ziheng Zhu, Yiyang Shi, Enyu Xu, Bokai Yuen, Chau Niyato, Dusit Debbah, Mérouane Jin, Shi Ai, Bo Shen, Xuemin School of Electronic and Information Engineering The Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System Beijing jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore KU 6G Research Center Department of Computer and Information Engineering Khalifa University Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates CentraleSupelec University Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette91192 France National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

The introduction of intelligent interconnectivity between the physical and human worlds has attracted great attention for future sixth-generation (6G) networks, emphasizing massive capacity, ultra-low latency, and unparalleled reliability. Wireless distributed networks and multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), both of which have evolved from centralized paradigms, are two promising solutions for the great attention. Given their distinct capabilities, such as decentralization and collaborative mechanisms, integrating these two paradigms holds great promise for unleashing the full power of 6G, attracting significant research and development attention. This paper provides a comprehensive study on MARL-assisted wireless distributed networks for 6G. In particular, we introduce the basic mathematical background and evolution of wireless distributed networks and MARL, as well as demonstrate their interrelationships. Subsequently, we analyze different structures of wireless distributed networks from the perspectives of homogeneous and heterogeneous. Furthermore, we introduce the basic concepts of MARL and discuss two typical categories, including model-based and model-free. We then present critical challenges faced by MARL-assisted wireless distributed networks, providing important guidance and insights for actual implementation. We also explore an interplay between MARL-assisted wireless distributed networks and emerging techniques, such as information bottleneck and mirror learning, delivering in-depth analyses and application scenarios. Finally, we outline several compelling research directions for future MARL-assisted wireless distributed networks. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

Construction Progress Monitoring In Smart Cities Using Deep Alexnet

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Construction Progress Monitoring In Smart Cities Using Deep ...

Research Methodologies in Knowledge Management, Artificial Intelligence and Telecommunication engineering (RMKMATE), International Conference on

作者： A. Rajavel S. Karkuzhali Sarvdaman Sharma Sitesh Kumar Singh Senthilkumar P S. Jhansi Ida Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology Virudhnagar Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering R.M.D. Engineering College Chennai Department of Civil Engineering University Institute of Engineering and Technology University of Jammu Jammu & Kashmir India Department of Civil Engineering Wollega University Nekemte Oromia Ethiopia KL School of Architecture Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Guntur AP India Department of Computer Science and Business Systems R.M.K Engineering College India

Construction progress monitoring plays a crucial role in ensuring the timely and efficient completion of infrastructure projects within smart cities. This paper proposes a novel approach utilizing the Deep AlexNet architecture for construction progress assessment in smart cities. The Deep AlexNet model is trained on a diverse dataset of images captured from construction sites, enabling it to accurately analyze the visual cues indicative of construction advancement. By leveraging deep learning techniques, our system extracts and processes features from images, enabling automated and real-time progress evaluation. The proposed method contributes to enhancing construction management practices by providing stakeholders with a reliable tool to monitor and manage construction projects efficiently. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the Deep AlexNet-based approach in accurately assessing construction progress, thereby facilitating informed decision-making throughout the construction lifecycle.

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