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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lin, Linhan Lepeshov, Sergey Krasnok, Alex Huang, Yu Jiang, Taizhi Peng, Xiaolei Korgel, Brian A. Alu, Andrea Zheng, Yuebing State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering DTU Electro Technical University of Denmark Building 343 Kgs. LyngbyDK-2800 Denmark Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International University MiamiFL33174 United States School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha410082 China Mc Ketta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Materials Science & Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York NY10016 United States Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

Fano resonances in photonics arise from the coupling and interference between two resonant modes in structures with broken symmetry. They feature an uneven and narrow and tunable lineshape, and are ideally suited for optical spectroscopy. Many Fano resonance structures have been suggested in nanophotonics over the last ten years, but reconfigurability and tailored design remain challenging. Herein, we propose an all-optical "pick-and-place" approach aimed at assemble Fano metamolecules of various geometries and compositions in a reconfigurable manner. We study their coupling behavior by in-situ dark-field scattering spectroscopy. Driven by a light-directed opto-thermoelectric field, silicon nanoparticles with high quality-factor Mie resonances (discrete states) and low-loss BaTiO3 nanoparticles (continuum states) are assembled into all-dielectric heterodimers, where distinct Fano resonances are observed. The Fano parameter can be adjusted by changing the resonant frequency of the discrete states or the light polarization. We also show tunable coupling strength and multiple Fano resonances by altering the number of continuum states and discrete states in dielectric heterooligomers. Our work offers a general design rule for Fano resonance and an all-optical platform for controlling Fano coupling on demand. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light polarization

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Who benefits from altmetrics? The effect of team gender composition on the link between online visibility and citation impact

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Vásárhelyi, Orsolya Horvát, Emoke-Ágnes Laboratory for Networks Technology and Innovation Centre for Advanced Studies Corvinus University Budapest Hungary Department of Communication Studies School of Communication Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Computer Science McCormick School of Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States EvanstonIL United States

Online science dissemination has quickly become crucial in promoting scholars' work. Recent literature has demonstrated a lack of visibility for women's research, where women's articles receive fewer academic citations than men's. The informetric and scientometric community has briefly examined gender-based inequalities in online visibility. However, the link between online sharing of scientific work and citation impact for teams with different gender compositions remains understudied. Here we explore whether online visibility is helping women overcome the gender-based citation penalty. Our analyses cover the three broad research areas of computer science, engineering, and Social sciences, which have different gender representation, adoption of online science dissemination practices, and citation culture. We create a quasi-experimental setting by applying Coarsened Exact Matching, which enables us to isolate the effects of team gender composition and online visibility on the number of citations. We find that online visibility positively affects citations across research areas, while team gender composition interacts differently with visibility in these research areas. Our results provide essential insights into gendered citation patterns and online visibility, inviting informed discussions about decreasing the citation gap. © 2023, CC0.

关键词： Visibility

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Unified Performance Analysis of Multi-Hop FSO Systems over Double Generalized Gamma Turbulence Channels with Pointing Errors

Unified Performance Analysis of Multi-Hop FSO Systems over D...

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作者： Ashrafzadeh, Behnam Zaimbashi, Amir Soleimani-Nasab, Ehsan Uysal, Murat Department of Electrical Engineering Optical and Rf Communication Systems Laboratory Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Kerman*** Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate University of Advanced Technology Kerman*** Iran Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Özyegin University Istanbul34794 Turkey

Free space optical (FSO) communication systems provide high bandwidth in unregulated spectrum and act as a powerful line-of-sight wireless connectivity solution. The performance of FSO systems can be seriously impaired by fading as a result of atmospheric turbulence and/or pointing errors due to misalignment. In the context of FSO systems, relaying was proposed as an effective fading mitigation technique due to the fact that the variance is distance-dependent in turbulence channels. In this article, we present a unified performance analysis of multi-hop FSO systems over Double Generalized Gamma (DGG) turbulence channels with pointing error impairments. We assume amplify-and-forward relaying and consider both heterodyne detection and intensity modulation with direct detection. We derive tight closed-form expressions for the outage probability and bit error probability of both fixed-gain and channel state information (CSI)-assisted relaying in terms of the bivariate Fox-H functions and Fox-H functions, respectively. We further analyze asymptotic behavior of the outage probability in terms of simple elementary functions and obtain the achievable diversity orders. Diversity gain is found to be a function of atmospheric turbulence parameters, pointing error, detection type and the number of hops. Monte Carlo simulation results are further provided to verify the accuracy of the derived expressions. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Atmospheric turbulence

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Seamless monolithic three-dimensional integration of single-crystalline films by growth

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kim, Ki Seok Seo, Seunghwan Kwon, Junyoung Lee, Doyoon Kim, Changhyun Jung-El, Ryu Kim, Jekyung Song, Min-Kyu Suh, Jun Min Jung, Hang-Gyo Jo, Youhwan Ahn, Hogeun Lee, Sangho Cho, Kyeongjae Jeon, Jongwook Seol, Minsu Park, Jin-Hong Kim, Sang Won Kim, Jeehwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States 2D Device Laboratory Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Suwon Korea Republic of Device Research Center Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Suwon Korea Republic of Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Texas at Dallas RichardsonTX75080 United States Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

The demand for the three-dimensional (3D) integration of electronic components is on a steady rise. The through-silicon-via (TSV) technique emerges as the only viable method for integrating single-crystalline device components in a 3D format, despite encountering significant processing challenges. While monolithic 3D (M3D) integration schemes show promise, the seamless connection of single-crystalline semiconductors without intervening wafers has yet to be demonstrated. This challenge arises from the inherent difficulty of growing single crystals on amorphous or polycrystalline surfaces post the back-end-of-the-line process at low temperatures to preserve the underlying circuitry. Consequently, a practical growth-based solution for M3D of single crystals remains elusive. Here, we present a method for growing single-crystalline channel materials, specifically composed of transition metal dichalcogenides, on amorphous and polycrystalline surfaces at temperatures lower than 400 °C. Building on this developed technique, we demonstrate the seamless monolithic integration of vertical single-crystalline logic transistor arrays. This accomplishment leads to the development of unprecedented vertical CMOS arrays, thereby constructing vertical inverters. Ultimately, this achievement sets the stage to pave the way for M3D integration of various electronic and optoelectronic hardware in the form of single crystals. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Single crystals

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Leveraging Electric Vehicles to Enhance Resilience of Interconnected Power-Transportation System Under Natural Hazards

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2023年

作者： Kong, Lingming Zhang, Hongcai Xie, Dunjian Dai, Ningyi The State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau 999078 China The Zhuhai UM Science Technology Research Institute Guangdong Zhuhai519031 China Institute of Catastrophe Risk Management Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore

The rapid development of transportation electrification brings about the popularity of interconnected power-transportation systems (IPTS). However, the escalating frequency and uncertainty of natural hazards, such as typhoons, pose threats and potential damage to the operation of IPTS. Electric vehicles (EVs) can serve as mobile energy sources, whose proper scheduling in transportation networks can provide power support for the damaged power networks caused by natural hazards, thus enhancing the system’s resilience. This paper proposes a two-stage scenario-based scheduling framework using EVs for the restoration of an IPTS under natural hazard risks. In the first stage, EVs are pre-allocated and pre-charged at the charging stations to maximize their support potential against the predicted hazards;in the second stage, EVs are re-dispatched among different charging stations to help restore the power demands given the damaged IPTS topology. To address the real hazard scenarios and reduce the computational burden, a scenario generation approach indicating the real hazard’s impact on the IPTS is proposed followed by a scenario-reduction algorithm. Numerical experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method based on the IEEE 33-bus distribution network and the Sioux Falls transportation network. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Electric vehicles

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Frozen Mode Regime in an Optical Waveguide With Distributed Bragg Reflector

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Furman, Nathaniel Mealy, Tarek Islam, Shafiqul Vitebskiy, Ilya Gibson, Ricky Bedford, Robert Boyraz, Ozdal Capolino, Filippo The Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California IrvineCA92697 United States The Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson Air Force Base OH45433 United States

We introduce a glide symmetric optical waveguide exhibiting a stationary inflection point (SIP) in the Bloch wavenumber dispersion relation. An SIP is a third order exceptional point of degeneracy (EPD) where three Bloch eigenmodes coalesce to form a so-called frozen mode with vanishing group velocity and diverging amplitude. We show that the incorporation of chirped distributed Bragg reflectors and distributed coupling between waveguides in the periodic structure facilitates the SIP formation and greatly enhances the characteristics of the frozen mode regime. We confirm the existence of an SIP in two ways: by observing the flatness of the dispersion diagram and also by using a coalescence parameter describing the separation of the three eigenvectors collapsing on each other. We find that in the absence of losses, both the quality factor and the group delay at the SIP grow with the cubic power of the cavity length. The frozen mode regime can be very attractive for light amplification and lasing, in optical delay lines, sensors, and modulators. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Slow light

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Comparative Studies of CdZnTe, CdMnTe, and CdZnTeSe Materials for Room-Temperature Nuclear Detection Applications

Comparative Studies of CdZnTe, CdMnTe, and CdZnTeSe Material...

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2021 IEEE Nuclear science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2021

作者： Egarievwe, Stephen U. Soto, Stephan D. Sykes, Simeon W. Fuller, Leslie J. Alsbrooks, Quentin J. Alim, Mohammad A. Roy, Utpal N. Agbalagba, Ezekiel O. Drabro, Mebougna L. James, Ralph B. Alabama A and M University Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science Center Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science NormalAL35762 United States Federal University of Petroleum Resources Department of Physics Delta State Effurun Nigeria Alabama A and M University Department of Mechanical Engineering NormalAL35762 United States Brookhaven National Laboratory Department of Nonproliferation and National Security UptonNY11973 United States Science and Technology Savannah River National Laboratory AikenSC29808 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421133

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) and its ternary and quaternary compounds have found applications in the development of X-ray and gamma-ray detectors used in nuclear detection and medical imaging applications. Example of these detectors include CdZnTe (CZT), CdMnTe (CMT), and CdZnTeSe (CZTS). These nuclear detectors can operate at room temperature without cryogenic cooling. This paper presents comparative studies of these semiconductor material. The properties studied include detector resistivity, Te inclusions, grain boundary networks, mobility/lifetime of the charge carriers, and energy resolution. The effects of passivation with chemicals such as KOH and NH4F, are also presented. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies showed increase in the quantity of TeO2 on surfaces of these materials after passivation in KOH and NH4F. While CZT detector has wide commercial availability, it has more Te inclusions and grain boundary network compared to CZTS. CMT and CZTS have better crystal uniformity than CZT. The comparatively low presence of Te inclusions and grain boundary network in CZTS gives it a higher crystal growth yield for detector-grade material. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Gamma rays

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Matrix Completion over Finite Fields: Bounds and Belief Propagation Algorithms

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Soleymani, Mahdi Liu, Qiang Mahdavifar, Hessam Balzano, Laura Halıcıoglu Data Science Institute University of California San Diego United States The State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China The Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States

We consider the low rank matrix completion problem over finite fields. This problem has been extensively studied in the domain of real/complex numbers, however, to the best of authors' knowledge, there exists merely one efficient algorithm to tackle the problem in the binary field, due to Saunderson et al. [1]. In this paper, we improve upon the theoretical guarantees for the algorithm provided in [1]. Furthermore, we formulate a new graphical model for the matrix completion problem over the finite field of size q, Fq, and present a message passing (MP) based approach to solve this problem. The proposed algorithm is the first one for the considered matrix completion problem over finite fields of arbitrary size. Our proposed method has a significantly lower computational complexity, reducing it from O(n2r+3) in [1] down to O(n2) (where, the underlying matrix has dimension n × n and r denotes its rank), while also improving the performance. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Message passing

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Photoinduced Patterning of Oxygen Vacancies to Promote the Ferroelectric Phase of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Beechem, Thomas E. Vega, Fernando Jaszewski, Samantha T. Aronson, Benjamin L. Kelley, Kyle P. Ihlefeld, Jon F. School of Mechanical Engineering Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37381 United States Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States

Photoinduced reductions in the oxygen vacancy concentration were leveraged to increase the ferroelectric phase fraction of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) thin-films. Modest (∼ 0.02 − 0.77 mJ/µm2) laser doses of visible light (488 nm, 2.54 eV) spatially patterned the concentration of oxygen vacancies as monitored by photoluminescence imaging. Local, tip-based, near-field, nanoFTIR measurements showed that the photoinduced oxygen vacancy concentration reduction promoted formation of the ferroelectric phase (space group Pca21) resulting in an increase in the piezoelectric response measured by piezoresponse force microscopy. Photoinduced vacancy tailoring provides, therefore, a spatially prescriptive, post-synthesis, and low-entry method to modify phase in HfO2-based materials. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Ferroelectricity

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UAV-Assisted Downlink-and-Uplink Communication in the Presence of Multiple Malicious Jammers

UAV-Assisted Downlink-and-Uplink Communication in the Presen...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Zhiyu Huang Zhichao Sheng Ali A. Nasir Cheng Yin Antonino Masaracchia Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks Shanghai University Shanghai China Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Communication Systems and Sensing KFUPM Dhahran Saudi Arabia Institute for Communication Systems University of Surrey U.K. School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen’s University Belfast Belfast U.K.

This paper investigates the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication network with multiple downlink users (DLUs) and uplink users (ULUs) in the presence of multiple malicious jammers. To guarantee fairness among the users and their uplink and downlink communication throughput, we aim to maximize the minimum average throughput by jointly optimizing the scheduling of ULUs/DLUs, three dimensional (3D) trajectory and the UAV transmission power. Although the optimization problem is computationally intractable due to its non-convexity, we develop an iterative algorithm based on the block coordinate descend approach and the successive convex approximation technique to solve the problem efficiently. Numerical outcomes show that our proposed algorithm can improve throughput significantly over several benchmark schemes.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Processor scheduling Benchmark testing Throughput Autonomous aerial vehicles Downlink Scheduling

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