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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Ma, Jiquan Deng, Chengdong Chen, Geng Jiang, Haotian Huang, Shijie Kim, Jaeil Wen, Xuyun Shen, Dinggang Heilongjiang University Department of Computer Science and Technology Harbin China Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi'an China Kyungpook National University School of Computer Science and Engineering Daegu Korea Republic of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing China ShanghaiTech University School of Biomedical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices Shanghai China Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co. Ltd. Shanghai China Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI), as a powerful non-invasive white matter imaging technology, plays an important role in studying brain white matter. The fiber orientation distribution functions (fODFs) derived from dMRI data provide the key directional information of fiber tracts for revealing the 3D geometric structure of brain white matter. The estimation of fODFs faces two challenges, including (i) the demand for dMRI data densely sampled in q-space and (ii) the joint consideration of x-q space. To address these challenges, we propose a mixture learning framework with q-space sparely sampled dMRI data as input. Specifically, we propose an x-space learning module based on 3D U-Net to learn x-space features and a q-space learning module based on spherical convolutional neural networks to learn q-space features. Two kinds of features are then fused with a mixture learning fusion module for fODFs estimation. The whole framework is supervised with an x-q space loss function. Our framework makes full use of joint x-q space information for fODFs estimation with clinically available q-space sparsely sampled dMRI data. Extensive experiments on three public datasets show that our framework is effective in fODFs estimation and outperforms cutting-edge models. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Low Voltage Switchable Bistable Twist Nematic Display

Low Voltage Switchable Bistable Twist Nematic Display

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The 2023 International Conference on Display Technology, (ICDT 2023)

作者： Liu, Pengcheng Tseng, Man Chun Yeung, Fion Sze Yan Kwok, Hoi Sing State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong

The most common electronic paper technology is E-ink, which enables many novel applications such as e-readers, watches and electronic shelf labels. However, due to the TFT backplane driving and complex production processes, the cost of this technology is high, which limits its popularity. Recently, a low-cost π-bistable twist nematic (π- BTN) liquid crystal display with a high pretilt angle is proposed. It has the same structure and production method as an ordinary liquid crystal display. Passive driving enables the manufacture of high-resolution bistable displays without the use of thin-film transistors. Compared with the current bistable twist nematic display technology, the high pretilt angles structure helps to achieve a low-voltage and fast-respond bistable display. This wide viewing angle, high contrast and TFT-free display is a promising candidate for flexible displays. © 2023, John Wiley and Sons Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Liquid crystal displays

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Weighted AoI Minimization for RIS-Assisted Multi-User mmWave Communications 23

Weighted AoI Minimization for RIS-Assisted Multi-User mmWave...

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23rd IEEE International Conference on Communication Technology, ICCT 2023

作者： Guo, Ziqi Niu, Yong Wen, Shuxian Fang, Ying Han, Zhu Mao, Shiwen Guan, Shunji Wang, Ning Ai, Bo Beijing Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation Beijing100044 China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Auburn University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering AuburnAL36849-5201 United States School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325959

In this paper, we focus on a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications system, where a RIS is deployed to create reliable reflection links and alleviate multi-user interference. In the system, each user equipment (UE) is concerned with the freshness of the information received from the base station (BS) and has a certain transmission requirement. The age of information (AoI) is adopted as the metric for information freshness and on this basis, we define the weighted AoI to take into account the satisfaction of UE transmission requirements. Then, an average weighted AoI minimization problem is formulated by jointly optimizing the precoding, the discrete RIS phase shifts, and the scheduling strategy. The problem is decomposed into two subproblems. For the first precoding and RIS design subproblem, we aim to satisfy the transmission requirements of the scheduled UEs with minimum power consumption under a given scheduling strategy. We use the zero-force (ZF)-based precoder and adopt the local search method for the RIS design. For the second scheduling strategy design subproblem, we propose a heuristic scheduling algorithm to minimize the system's average weighted AoI. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of our proposed method over several baseline schemes. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) scheduling strategy weighted age of information (AoI)

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Edge-Computing Enabled Si Photonics Multimodal Sensor with Integrated Photonic Convolutional Processor 38

Edge-Computing Enabled Si Photonics Multimodal Sensor with I...

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38th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, MEMS 2025

作者： Xiao, Zian Ren, Zhihao Zhuge, Yangyang Zhang, Zixuan Zhou, Jingkai Xu, Siyu Xu, Cheng Dong, Bowei Lee, Chengkuo Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore National University of Singapore Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Singapore Singapore National Centre for Advanced Integrated Photonics S2-B3-01 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508890

Photonic integrated circuits provide compact and efficient solutions for multimodal spectroscopic sensors. However, the resulting sensory data is highly complex and contains significant redundancy. To circumvent high communication cost for redundancy, the photonic sensor and processor are brought into intimacy and propose a photonic multimodal edge computing system. A microring resonator crossbar is used as photonic processor with 5-bit accuracy. The in-situ processing of sensory data is demonstrated in this system, achieving a classification accuracy of 94.27% across 45 different classes. The multimodal edge computing system demonstrates the feasibility of integrating photonic processors and photonic sensors to enhance the photonic data processing capability. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： In situ processing

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Fortifying Strong PUFs: A Modeling Attack-Resilient Approach Using Weak PUF for IoT Device Security

Fortifying Strong PUFs: A Modeling Attack-Resilient Approach...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： Sara Alahmadi Kasem Khalil Haytham Idriss Magdy Bayoumi Center of Advanced Computer Studies University of Louisiana at Lafayette USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Mississippi USA Computer Science Department Purdue University Fort Wayne USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Louisiana at Lafayette USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350330991

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331004

Strong Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have gained traction as lightweight authentication solutions for IoT devices. However, their vulnerability to machine learning attacks poses a security risk. Various strategies have been introduced in the literature to enhance its resilience against modeling attacks, introducing additional complexity and making them unsuitable for resource-constrained devices. In contrast, weak PUFs exhibit inherent resistance to modeling attacks, but they suffer from a restricted number of Challenge-Response Pairs (CRPs), thus unsuitable for authentication. This paper proposes a PUF design that incorporates weak PUFs to obscure the responses of Strong PUFs, effectively safeguarding them from modeling attacks. Our design shows resilience against a modeling attack, revealing a maximum accuracy of 57% despite using 10 7 CRPs. The proposed method is implemented on the Artix-7 FPGA with Verilog HDL. The results demonstrate that the proposed method has a small footprint in terms of resource utilization. This innovative approach offers a lightweight solution for IoT device authentication, combining the strengths of strong and weak PUFs while mitigating the vulnerabilities associated with modeling attacks.

关键词： Resistance Authentication Machine learning Physical unclonable function Security Internet of Things Hardware design languages

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Cybertwin-Assisted Mode Selection in Ultra-Dense LEO Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Network

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2022年第4期7卷 360-374页

作者： Xin Zhang Bo Qian Xiaohan Qin Ting Ma Jiachen Chen Haibo Zhou Xuemin(Sherman)Shen School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

Ultra-dense low earth orbit(LEO)integrated satellite-terrestrial network(ULISTN)has become an emerging paradigm to support massive access of Internet of things(IoT)in beyond fifth generation mobile networks(B5G).In ULISTN,there are two communication modes:cellular mode and satellite mode,where IoT users assessing terrestrial small base stations(TSBSs)and terrestrial-satellite terminals(TSTs)***,how to optimize the network performance and guarantee self-interests of the operator and IoT users in ULISTN is a challenging *** this paper,we propose a cybertwin-assisted joint mode selection and dynamic pricing(JMSDP)scheme for effective network management in ULISTN,where cybertwin serves as the intelligent *** JMSDP,the operator determines optimal access prices of TSBSs and TSTs,while each user selects the access mode according to access ***,the operator conducts the Stackelberg game aiming at maximizing average throughput depending on the mode selection results of IoT ***,IoT users as followers adopt the evolutionary game to choose an access mode based on the access prices provided by the *** results show that the proposed JMSDP can improve the average throughput and reduce the delay effectively,comparing with random access(RA)and maximum rate access.

关键词： ULISTN massive IoT cybertwin mode selection dynamic pricing game theory

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Multimode amplitude squeezing through cascaded nonlinear processes

Multimode amplitude squeezing through cascaded nonlinear pro...

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CLEO: Fundamental science, CLEO:FS 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Pontula, Sahil Salamin, Yannick Soljacic, Marin Department of Physics MIT CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT 02139 CambridgeMA United States Research Laboratory of Electronics MIT CambridgeMA02139 United States

We show how engineering a multimode nonlinear cavity with cascaded three wave mixing processes creates significant intracavity and output amplitude noise squeezing over 10 dB below the shot noise limit for multiple fr... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Nonlinear optics

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Harnessing the power of functionalized biochar:progress,challenges,and future perspectives in energy,water treatment,and environmental sustainability

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Biochar 2024年第1期6卷 407-486页

作者： Muhammad Zubair Yameen Salman Raza Naqvi Dagmar Juchelková Muhammad Nouman Aslam Khan Laboratory of Alternative Fuels and Sustainability School of Chemical and Materials Engineering(SCME)National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Sector H-12Islamabad 44000Pakistan. Department of Electronics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceVŠB-Technical University of Ostrava17.Listopadu 2172/1570800 OstravaPorubaCzech Republic. Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences Karlstad UniversityKarlstadSweden.

The swift advancement of sustainable energy technologies,coupled with the urgent need to address environmental challenges,has generated considerable interest in the multifaceted applications of biochar materials to promote energy,water,and environmental *** comprehensive review examines recent advancements in the production and applications of functionalized biochar materials,emphasizing their pivotal roles in energy conversion and storage,wastewater treatment,CO_(2)reduction,soil amelioration,and the promotion of carbon neutrality within a circular economy *** functionalization of biochar materials involves surface chemistry and porosity modifications,achieved through techniques like templating,chemical activation,metal impregnation,or heteroatom *** modifications substantially enhance the catalytic activity,energy storage capacity,and cycling stability of biochar materials,making them particularly effective in diverse energy applications such as water splitting,fuel cells,and ***,functionalized biochar materials demonstrate remarkable efficacy as catalysts and adsorbents in wastewater treatment,proficiently removing pollutants like heavy metals,organic contaminants,and nutrients,thereby facilitating resource recovery from *** review also underscores the potential of functionalized biochar materials in CO_(2)capture and conversion,exploring innovative strategies to augment their CO_(2)adsorption capacity and state-of-the-art catalytic processes for transforming captured CO_(2)into valuable fuels and *** summary,this review offers valuable insights into the recent advancements in biochar research,underscoring its substantial commercial potential as a versatile material contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable future.

关键词： Engineered biochar Sustainable energy technologies Wastewater treatment Carbon reduction Circular economy

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Spin angular momentum engineering within highly localized focal fields: from simple orientation to complex topologies

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Photonics Research 2025年第4期13卷 995-1009页

作者： YONGXI ZENG YANZHONG YU JIAN CHEN HOUAN TENG MUSHENG CHEN PINGHUI WU QIWEN ZHAN College of Physics and Information Engineering Quanzhou Normal University School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Micro-nano Photonics Technology and Devices & Key Laboratory of Information Functional Material for Fujian Higher Education

Optical skyrmions, as quasiparticles with non-trivial topological structures, have garnered significant attention in recent years. This paper proposes a method for customized spin angular momentum (SAM) distribution in highly localized focal fields, thereby enabling the generation of SAM skyrmion and bimeron topologies. The skyrmionic SAM textures can be flexibly controlled, such as polarity, vorticity, and helicity. In addition, the two-dimensional projection plane can be arbitrarily oriented within three-dimensional space.

关键词： Bose Einstein condensates Circular polarization Information processing Light matter interactions Optical fields Optical manipulation

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Recent Advances in Trustworthy Explainable Artificial Intelligence: Status, Challenges, and Perspectives

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2022年第6期3卷 852-866页

作者： Rawal, Atul McCoy, James Rawat, Danda B. Sadler, Brian M. Amant, Robert St. Howard University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science WashingtonDC20059 United States U.S. Army Research Laboratory AdelphiMD20783 United States

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have come a long way from the earlier days of conceptual theories, to being an integral part of today's technological society. Rapid growth of AI/ML and their penetration within a plethora of civilian and military applications, while successful, has also opened new challenges and obstacles. With almost no human involvement required for some of the new decision-making AI/ML systems, there is now a pressing need to gain better insights into how these decisions are made. This has given rise to a new field of AI research, explainable AI (XAI). In this article, we present a survey of XAI characteristics and properties. We provide an indepth review of XAI themes, and describe the different methods for designing and developing XAI systems, both during and post model-development. We include a detailed taxonomy of XAI goals, methods, and evaluation, and sketch the major milestones in XAI research. An overview of XAI for security and cybersecurity of XAI systems is also provided. Open challenges are delineated, and measures for evaluating XAI system robustness are described. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Machine learning

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