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Vaccine efficacy and SARS-CoV-2 control in California and *** the session 2020e2026:A modeling study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第1期7卷 62-81页

作者： Md Shahriar Mahmud Md Kamrujjaman Md Mashih Ibn Yasin Adan Md Alamgir Hossain Md Mizanur Rahman Md Shahidul Islam Muhammad Mohebujjaman Md Mamun Molla Department of Computer Science and Engineering State University of BangladeshDhaka1205Bangladesh Department of Mathematics University of DhakaDhaka1000Bangladesh Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Computational Biology Research Lab(CBRL) Department of PharmacyJagannath UniversityDhaka1100Bangladesh Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study Hitotsubashi UniversityNaka KunitachiTokyo186-8601Japan Department of Mathematics and Physics Texas A&M International UniversityLaredoTX78041USA Department of Mathematics&Physics North South UniversityDhaka1229Bangladesh Center for Applied Scientific Computing(CASC) North South UniversityDhaka1229Bangladesh

Background:Besides maintaining health precautions,vaccination has been the only prevention from SARS-CoV-2,though no clinically proved 100%effective vaccine has been developed till *** this stage,to withhold the debris of this pandemic-experts need to know the impact of the vaccine efficacy rates,the threshold level of vaccine effectiveness and how long this pandemic may extent with vaccines that have different efficacy *** this article,a mathematical model study has been done on the importance of vaccination and vaccine efficiency rate during an ongoing ***:We simulated a five compartment mathematical model to analyze the pandemic scenario in both California,and whole *** considered four vaccines,Pfizer(95%),Moderna(94%),AstraZeneca(79%),and Johnson&Johnson(72%),which are being used rigorously to control the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,in addition with two special cases:a vaccine with 100%efficacy rate and no vaccine under ***-CoV-2 related data of California,and *** used in this ***:Both the infection and death rates are very high in *** model suggests that the pandemic situation in California will be under control in the last quartile of the year 2023 if vaccination program is continued with the Pfizer *** this time,six waves may happen from the beginning of the immunization where the case fatality and recovery rates will be 1.697%and 98.30%,***,according to the considered model,this period might be extended to the mid of 2024 when vaccines with lower efficacy rates are *** the other hand,the daily cases and deaths in the *** be under control at the end of 2026 with multiple *** the number of susceptible people will fall down to none in the beginning of 2027,there is less chance to stop the vaccination program if vaccinated with a vaccine other than a 100%effective vaccine or Pfizer,and at that case vaccination program must run till the mid of *** to this s

关键词： Vaccine Model California Control measurement SARS-CoV-2

A Novel Sensitization Mechanism of Stress-Electric-Coupled Biosensor Originated in Magnetostrictive Effect

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SSRN

SSRN 2022年

作者： Sang, Shengbo Ge, Yang Ji, Jianglong Yuan, Zhongyun Dong, Xiushan Zhou, Chuangang Xiao, Pengli Tan, Qiuyun Zhao, Dong MicroNano System Research Center Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System The Ministry of Education College of Information and Computer Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China School of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Science Hanyang University Seoul04763 Korea Republic of Shanxi Bethune Hospital Taiyuan030024 China Six-dimensional Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Research Institute Taiyuan030024 China

The stress-electric coupling based on receptor functionalization provides a new paradigm for the development of biosensor. However, the gravity factor of sensitive element usually shows difficult to be avoided due to its suppression to biosensor sensitivity. Herein, a magnetic-sensitization biosensing system with multi-physical field coupling of stress, magnetism and electricity was proposed to highly detect biomolecules. The gravitational interference of sensitive membrane was conquered by doping the TbDyFe with magnetostrictive effect into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and applying magnetic field, showing great contributions to magnetic sensitization. The magnetic sensitization of the biosensor was proved by the collaboration of experiment and simulation. The detections of urine protein and urine sugar associated with kidney disease were realized with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.21 ng/mL and 0.45 nM by using the magnetic-sensitization biosensor. The prepared biosensor exhibited the high specificity, selectivity, stability and repeatability. Especially, the HSA and glucose in real samples can be accurately detect, showing good practicability of the prepared biosensor. This study provides a way to improve the sensitivity of the mechanical biosensor. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silicones

Combined depth space based architecture search for person re-identification

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Hanjun Wu, Gaojie Zheng, Wei-Shi School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518005 China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Ministry of Education China Pazhou Lab Guangzhou China

Most works on person re-identification (ReID) take advantage of large backbone networks such as ResNet, which are designed for image classification instead of ReID, for feature extraction. However, these backbones may not be computationally efficient or the most suitable architectures for ReID. In this work, we aim to design a lightweight and suitable network for ReID. We propose a novel search space called Combined Depth Space (CDS), based on which we search for an efficient network architecture, which we call CDNet, via a differentiable architecture search algorithm. Through the use of the combined basic building blocks in CDS, CDNet tends to focus on combined pattern information that is typically found in images of pedestrians. We then propose a low-cost search strategy named the Top-k Sample Search strategy to make full use of the search space and avoid trapping in local optimal result. Furthermore, an effective Fine-grained Balance Neck (FBLNeck), which is removable at the inference time, is presented to balance the effects of triplet loss and softmax loss during the training process. Extensive experiments show that our CDNet (∼1.8 M parameters) has comparable performance with state-of-the-art lightweight networks. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Network architecture

Efficient Data Valuation Approximation in Federated Learning: A Sampling-based Approach

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wei, Shuyue Tong, Yongxin Zhou, Zimu He, Tianran Xu, Yi State Key Laboratory of Complex & Critical Software Environment Lab School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing Beihang University China City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a prominent distributed learning paradigm to utilize datasets across multiple data providers. In FL, cross-silo data providers often hesitate to share their high-quality dataset unless their data value can be fairly assessed. Shapley value (SV) has been advocated as the standard metric for data valuation in FL due to its desirable properties. However, the computational overhead of SV is prohibitive in practice, as it inherently requires training and evaluating an FL model across an exponential number of dataset combinations. Furthermore, existing solutions fail to achieve high accuracy and efficiency, making practical use of SV still out of reach, because they ignore choosing suitable computation scheme for approximation framework and overlook the property of utility function in FL. We first propose a unified stratified-sampling framework for two widely-used schemes. Then, we analyze and choose the more promising scheme under the FL linear regression assumption. After that, we identify a phenomenon termed key combinations, where only limited dataset combinations have a high-impact on final data value. Building on these insights, we propose a practical approximation algorithm, IPSS, which strategically selects high-impact dataset combinations rather than evaluating all possible combinations, thus substantially reducing time cost with minor approximation error. Furthermore, we conduct extensive evaluations on the FL benchmark datasets to demonstrate that our proposed algorithm outperforms a series of representative baselines in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Federated learning

Spectral evidence for local-moment ferromagnetism in the van der Waals metals Fe3GaTe2 and Fe3GeTe2

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Physical Review B 2024年第10期109卷 104410-104410页

作者： Han Wu Chaowei Hu Yaofeng Xie Bo Gyu Jang Jianwei Huang Yucheng Guo Shan Wu Cheng Hu Ziqin Yue Yue Shi Rourav Basak Zheng Ren T. Yilmaz Elio Vescovo Chris Jozwiak Aaron Bostwick Eli Rotenberg Alexei Fedorov Jonathan D. Denlinger Christoph Klewe Padraic Shafer Donghui Lu Makoto Hashimoto Junichiro Kono Alex Frano Robert J. Birgeneau Xiaodong Xu Jian-Xin Zhu Pengcheng Dai Jiun-Haw Chu Ming Yi Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico USA Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics Kyung Hee University Yongin 17104 Republic of Korea Department of Physics University of California at Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093USA National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Lab Upton New York 11973 USA Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley CaliforniaUSA

Magnetism in two-dimensional (2D) materials has attracted considerable attention recently for both fundamental understanding of magnetism and its tunability towards device applications. The isostructural Fe3GeTe2 and Fe3GaTe2 are two members of the Fe-based van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnet family, but exhibit very different Curie temperatures (TC) of 210 and 360 K, respectively. Here, by using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory, we systematically compare the electronic structures of the two compounds. Qualitative similarities in the Fermi surface can be found between the two compounds, with expanded hole pockets in Fe3GaTe2 suggesting additional hole carriers compared to Fe3GeTe2. Interestingly, we observe almost no band shift in Fe3GaTe2 across its TC of 360 K, compared to a small shift in Fe3GeTe2 across its TC of 210 K. The weak temperature-dependent evolution strongly deviates from the expectations of an itinerant Stoner mechanism. Our results suggest that itinerant electrons have minimal contributions to the enhancement of TC in Fe3GaTe2 compared to Fe3GeTe2, and that the nature of ferromagnetism in these Fe-based vdW ferromagnets must be understood with considerations of the electron correlations.

关键词： Magnetism Van der Waals systems Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Semidiscrete optical vortex droplets in quasi-phase-matched photonic crystals

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Xu, Xiaoxi Zhao, Feiyan Huang, Jiayao He, Hexiang Zhang, Li Chen, Zhaopin Nie, Zhongquan Malomed, Boris A. Li, Yongyao School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Foshan University Foshan528000 China School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen518055 China Physics Department Solid-State Institute Technion Haifa32000 Israel Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Department of Physical Electronics School of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv69978 Israel Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Casilla 7D Arica Chile Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Foshan University Foshan528000 China

A new scheme for producing semidiscrete self-trapped vortices ("swirling photon droplets") in photonic crystals with competing quadratic (χ(2)) and self-defocusing cubic (χ(3)) nonlinearities is proposed. The photonic crystal is designed with a striped structure, in the form of spatially periodic modulation of the χ(2) susceptibility, which is imposed by the quasi-phase-matching technique. Unlike previous realizations of semidiscrete optical modes in composite media, built as combinations of continuous and arrayed discrete waveguides, the semidiscrete vortex "droplets" are produced here in the fully continuous medium. This work reveals that the system supports two types of semidiscrete vortex droplets, viz., onsite- and intersite-centered ones, which feature, respectively, odd and even numbers of stripes, N. Stability areas for the states with different values of N are identified in the system's parameter space. Some stability areas overlap with each other, giving rise to the multistability of states with different N. The coexisting states are mutually degenerate, featuring equal values of the Hamiltonian and propagation constant. An experimental scheme to realize the droplets is outlined, suggesting new possibilities for the long-distance transmission of nontrivial vortex beams in nonlinear media. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Photonic crystals

RIFFLE: A Distributed Network Operating System with Re-configurability for Multiple Domains

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RIFFLE: A Distributed Network Operating System with Re-confi...

IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications and IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and Communications (ISPA/IUCC)

作者： Boyang Zhou Chunming Wu Shuangxi Chen Zhen Li Hong Fan Zhejiang Lab Intelligent Networks Institute Hangzhou China School of Intelligent Science and Technology Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Hangzhou China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet Jiaxing China Research Center for Intelligent Technology Standardization Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou China Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai China

The distributed network control in software-defined networking is greatly challenged by the design demands of evolving a running distributed control plane (DCP), and by the complexity of handling the control state dynamics. In this paper, we propose RIFFLE to address the problem using a distributed network operating system approach. RIFFLE enables the evolvability of control states of DCP deployed on a global scale. RIFFLE handles spatial and temporal dynamics that occur when updating and migrating the distributed control states, which overcomes the critical barrier to the evolvability. It fills the gap by enabling temporal reconfigurability in DCP. Moreover, RIFFLE reduces the complexities of building and maintaining network control services in DCP by enabling componentization and abstracting the underlying network dynamics. We evaluated the prototype RIFFLE through experiments running in Planetlab. The results show that the prototype scales well for 135 nodes. We also validate that RIFFLE ensures the continuity and low content request delay for the supported the information-centric network supported during cache update periods owing to the enabled evolvability.

关键词： Runtime Roads Decentralized control Information-centric networking Prototypes Ubiquitous computing Dynamic scheduling

Biocompatible chitosan/polyethylene glycol/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite scaffolds for neural tissue engineering

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2022年第1期23卷 58-73页

作者： Shengbo SANG Rong CHENG Yanyan CAO Yayun YAN Zhizhong SHEN Yajing ZHAO Yanqing HAN Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors&Artificial Intelligence Perception College of Information and ComputerTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China College of Information Science and Engineering Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou075000China Shanxi Six-Dimensional Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Research Institute Taiyuan030031China Department of Neurology Shanxi Provincial Cardiovascular HospitalTaiyuan030024China

Carbon nanotube(CNT)composite materials are very attractive for use in neural tissue engineering and biosensor *** scaffolds are excellent mimics of extracellular matrix due to their hydrophilicity,viscosity,and *** can also impart conductivity to other insulating materials improve mechanical stability guide neuronal cell behavior and trigger axon *** performance of chitosan(CS)/polyethylene glycol(PEG)composite scaffolds could be optimized by introducing multi-walled CNTs(MWCNTs).CS/PEG/CNT composite scaffolds with CNT content of 1%,3%,and 5%(1%=0.01 g/mL)were prepared by *** physical and chemical properties and biocompatibility were *** electron microscopy(SEM)showed that the composite scaffolds had a highly connected porous *** electron microscope(TEM)and Raman spectroscopy proved that the CNTs were well dispersed in the CS/PEG matrix and combined with the CS/PEG nanofiber *** enhanced the elastic modulus of the *** porosity of the scaffolds ranged from 83%to 96%.They reached a stable water swelling state within 24 h,and swelling decreased with increasing MWCNT *** electrical conductivity and cell adhesion rate of the scaffolds increased with increasing MWCNT *** showed that rat pheochromocytoma(PC12)cells grown in the scaffolds had characteristics similar to nerve *** measured changes in the expression of nerve cell markers by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and found that PC12 cells cultured in the scaffolds expressed growth-associated protein 43(GAP43),nerve growth factor receptor(NGFR),and class IIIβ-tubulin(TUBB3)*** research showed that the prepared CS/PEG/CNT scaffold has good biocompatibility and can be further applied to neural tissue engineering research.

关键词： Multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT) Cell-scaffold PC12 cells Biocompatibility

PDMA: Probabilistic service migration approach for delay-aware and mobility-aware mobile edge computing

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Xu, Minxian Zhou, Qiheng Wu, Huaming Lin, Weiwei Ye, Kejiang Xu, Chengzhong Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Center for Applied Mathematics Tianjin University Tianjin China School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China State Key Lab of Iotsc Department of Computer Science University of Macau China

As a key technology in the 5G era, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has developed rapidly in recent years. MEC aims to reduce the service delay of mobile users, while alleviating the processing pressure on the core network. MEC can be regarded as an extension of cloud computing on the user side, which can deploy edge servers and bring computing resources closer to mobile users, and provide more efficient interactions. However, due to the user's dynamic mobility, the distance between the user and the edge server will change dynamically, which may cause fluctuations in Quality of Service (QoS). Therefore, when a mobile user moves in the MEC environment, certain approaches are needed to schedule services deployed on the edge server to ensure the user experience. In this paper, we model service scheduling in MEC scenarios and propose a delay-aware and mobility-aware service management approach based on concise probabilistic methods. This approach has low computational complexity and can effectively reduce service delay and migration costs. Furthermore, we conduct experiments by utilizing multiple realistic datasets and use iFogSim to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. The results show that our proposed approach can optimize the performance on service delay, with 8% to 20% improvement and reduce the migration cost by more than 75% compared with baselines during the rush hours. © 2021, CC0.

关键词： Mobile edge computing