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5th International Conference on Information Communication and Signal Processing, ICICSP 2022

作者： Martin, Mogamat Yaaseen Winberg, Simon Gaffar, Yunus Abdul MacLeod, David University of Cape Town Department of Electrical Engineering Cape Town South Africa Advanced Computer Engineering Lab Centre for High Performance Computing Cape Town South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485890

The growing number of objects in the Low Earth Orbit is becoming increasingly concerning to astronomers and space missions - particularly due to the limitations in tracking accuracy due to the availability and placements of surveillance sensors. This paper connects to this issue, presenting the development of an open-source, ray-traced, signal-level pulsed radar simulator for use in exploring and planning space monitoring solutions without using real-time data feeds. The simulator was also developed around the use of the NVIDIA® OptiX™ engine to accommodate its ray-tracing features and accelerate performance. This was designed to aid astronomers and researchers in space situational awareness applications through the simulation of radar designs for orbital surveillance experiments. The developed tool was also compared against a more streamlined application that used point-model approximations for quick-look simulations, and the trade-offs between both simulators were evaluated. While the use of ray tracing resulted in significant speed costs, it was found that the algorithm also introduced more realistic results relative to point-model simulations - providing various advantages in scenarios involving shadowing and multiscatter. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Ray tracing

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ES-Mask: Evolutionary Strip Mask for Explaining Time Series Prediction 37

ES-Mask: Evolutionary Strip Mask for Explaining Time Series ...

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37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2023

作者： Sun, Yifei Song, Cheng Lu, Feng Li, Wei Jin, Hai Zomaya, Albert Y. National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Centre for Distributed and High Performance Computing School of Computer Science University of Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781577358800

Machine learning models are increasingly used in time series prediction with promising results. The model explanation of time series prediction falls behind the model development and makes less sense to users in understanding model decisions. This paper proposes ES-Mask, a post-hoc and model-agnostic evolutionary strip mask-based saliency approach for time series applications. ES-Mask designs the mask consisting of strips with the same salient value in consecutive time steps to produce binary and sustained feature importance scores over time for easy understanding and interpretation of time series. ES-Mask uses an evolutionary algorithm to search for the optimal mask by manipulating strips in rounds, thus is agnostic to models by involving no internal model states in the search. The initial experiments on MIMIC-III data set show that ES-Mask outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Copyright © 2023, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Time series

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Demystifying Ethereum account diversity:observations,models and analysis

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Frontiers of computer Science 2022年第4期16卷 119-130页

作者： Chaofan Wang Xiaohai Dai Jiang Xiao Chenchen Li Ming Wen Bingbing Zhou Hai Jin Clusters and Grid Computing Lab National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System LabWuhan430074China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Centre for Distributed and High Performance Computing School of Information TechnologiesThe University of SydneyCamperdownNew South Wales2006Australia

Blockchain platform Ethereum has involved millions of accounts due to its strong potential for providing numerous services based on smart *** massive accounts can be divided into diverse categories,such as miners,tokens,and exchanges,which is termed as account diversity in this *** benefit of investigating diversity are multi-fold,including understanding the Ethereum ecosystem deeper and opening the possibility of tracking certain abnormal ***,the exploration of blockchain account diversity remains *** the most relevant studies,which focus on the deanonymization of the accounts on Bitcoin,can hardly be applied on Ethereum since their underlying protocols and user idioms are *** this end,we present the first attempt to demystify the account diversity on *** key observation is that different accounts exhibit diverse behavior patterns,leading us to propose the heuristics for classification as the *** then raise the coverage rate of classification by the statistical learning model Maximum Likelihood Estimation(MLE).We collect real-world data through extensive efforts to evaluate our proposed method and show its ***,we make an in-depth analysis of the dynamic evolution of the Ethereum ecosystem and uncover the abnormal arbitrage *** for the former,we validate two sweeping statements reliably:(1)standalone miners are gradually replaced by the mining pools and cooperative miners;(2)transactions related to the mining pool and exchanges take up a large share of the total *** latter analysis shows that there are a large number of arbitrage transactions transferring the coins from one exchange to another to make a price difference.

关键词： blockchain Ethereum classification account diversity network analysis

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The Design and Development of a GPU-accelerated Radar Simulator for Space Debris Monitoring 21

The Design and Development of a GPU-accelerated Radar Simula...

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5th high performance computing and Cluster Technologies Conference, HPCCT 2021

作者： Martin, Mogamat Yaaseen Winberg, Simon Lucas Gaffar, Mohammed Yunus Abdul Macleod, David Department of Electrical Engineering University of Cape Town South Africa Advanced Computer Engineering Lab Centre for High Performance Computing South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9781450390132

The problem of space debris represents a major topic of concern in astronomy as the threat of space junk continues to grow, and the accuracy of its tracking is greatly restricted by the insufficiency and limitations of current surveillance sensors. This article presents the development of an open-source, high-performance, signal-level radar simulator to assist in modelling the detection and tracking of space debris from terrestrial radar stations, including multistatic installations where the transmitter and receiver may be separated by many kilometers. This tool is expected to aid astronomers and researchers in space situational awareness, supporting the modelling of radar interactions in this context and simulation-based exploration of radar designs for space surveillance. It makes use of an accelerated orbit propagation technique with measured two-line element datasets being used to define space debris objects. The software has been named the Space Object Astrodynamics and Radar Simulator - or SOARS - and both the transmitted and received signals generated by the application have been shown to agree with theoretical expectations. Additionally, SOARS is presently undergoing continued development, extension and optimization for heterogeneous computing platforms, enabling the use of the NVIDIA® Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) interface. Results have demonstrated promising speed-ups in simulation runtimes when using the CUDA version of the application over the original sequential version, even on lower-end graphics processors. It is anticipated that the developed application will be used for the design and testing of radar sensors for space situational awareness applications, as well as for use in research, teaching and training environments. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Application programs

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AsT: An Asymmetric-Sensitive Transformer for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Detection 37

AsT: An Asymmetric-Sensitive Transformer for Osteonecrosis o...

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37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2023

作者： Chen, Haoyang Liu, Shuai Lu, Feng Li, Wei Sheng, Bin Li, Mi Jin, Hai Zomaya, Albert Y. National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Centre for Distributed and High Performance Computing School of Computer Science The University of Sydney Australia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9781577358800

Early diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) can inhibit the progression and improve femoral head preservation. The radiograph difference between early ONFH and healthy ones is not apparent to the naked eye. It is also hard to produce a large dataset to train the classification model. In this paper, we propose Asymmetric-Sensitive Transformer (AsT) to capture the uneven development of the bilateral femoral head to enable robust ONFH detection. Our ONFH detection is realized using the self-attention mechanism to femoral head regions while conferring sensitivity to the uneven development by the attention-shared transformer. The real-world experiment studies show that AsT achieves the best performance of AUC 0.9313 in the early diagnosis of ONFH and can find out misdiagnosis cases firmly. Copyright © 2023, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Large dataset

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A Heuristic Sparsification Method to Improve the performance of Neural Networks on Autism Spectrum Disorder Identification Tasks 13

A Heuristic Sparsification Method to Improve the Performance...

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13th International Conference on Information Science and Technology, ICIST 2023

作者： Zhang, Fangyu Wei, Yanjie Lin, Zhenli Pan, Yi Liu, Jin Centre for High Performance Computing Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Department of Ophthalmology Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Bioinformatics Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313925

Deep learning (DL) has been widely used in the detection of neurological diseases such as Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most studies in this field manually designed and adjusted the hyperparameters of DL models, but due to the huge search space, few studies have attempted to optimize the topology of neural networks which is another important factor related to the performance of DL models. This paper proposes a heuristic sparsification method named the Evolutionary Connection Sparsification Algorithm (ECSA) which is used to optimize the topology of fully connected neural networks (FC-NNs) and generate the corresponding sparsely connected neural networks (SC-NNs). The algorithm is based on the workflow of the genetic algorithm but with improved coding strategy, fitness evaluation approach, crossover and mutation operator, and including an effective convergence acceleration strategy. Experiments show that the SC-NNs generated by ECSA significantly outperform the original FC-NNs in terms of accuracy, F1-score, and AUC, and the model complexities are greatly reduced. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Topology

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Investigating the Use of Ray Tracing for Signal-Level Radar Simulation in Space Surveillance

Investigating the Use of Ray Tracing for Signal-Level Radar ...

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IEEE International Conference on Information Communication and Signal Processing (ICICSP)

作者： Mogamat Yaaseen Martin Simon Winberg Yunus Abdul Gaffar David Macleod Department of Electrical Engineering University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Advanced Computer Engineering Lab Centre for High Performance Computing Cape Town South Africa

关键词： Space vehicles Spaceborne radar Surveillance Space missions Space debris Ray tracing Radar tracking

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RFAE: A high-robust feature selector based on fractal autoencoder

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Expert Systems with Applications 2025年 285卷

作者： Ou, Jingfeng Li, Jiawei Xia, Zhiliang Dai, Shurui Guo, Yan Jiang, Limin Tang, Jijun College of Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology Shenzhen518107 China Department of Public Health Sciences University of Miami Miami FL33136 United States Centre for High Performance Computing Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China

Feature selection aims to consistently identify an optimal subset of features that effectively represents the entire dataset or enhances performance in downstream tasks. While deep learning-based approaches have made significant progress in feature selection, they continue to face key challenges, including instability in selected features, limited receptive fields in feature-selection layers due to architectural constraints, and suboptimal utilization of available sample information. To address these limitations, we propose the Robust Fractal Autoencoder (RFAE), an enhanced variant of the Fractal Autoencoder (FAE) designed to improve feature selection stability and adaptability. RFAE introduces three critical advancements: 1) Novel utilization of weight exponentiation to rectify the concern of FAE selecting a reduced number of features than designated. 2) Adoption of a dynamic and tailored strategy to optimize feature selection weights during the training process. 3) Introduction of a optional classification module, facilitating extension to supervised feature selection scenarios. We systematically evaluate RFAE against 14 established feature selection methods. Our experiments span 14 publicly available benchmark datasets, a large-scale GEO gene expression dataset, and a synthetic dataset with known ground-truth features. The results demonstrate that RFAE consistently selects features that achieve lower reconstruction errors while ensuring higher stability across repeated experiments, highlighting its robustness and effectiveness in feature selection tasks. © 2025

关键词： Feature Selection

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Experience and Analysis of Scalable high-Fidelity Computational Fluid Dynamics on Modular Supercomputing Architectures

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Karp, Martin Suarez, Estela Meinke, Jan H. Andersson, Måns I. Schlatter, Philipp Markidis, Stefano Jansson, Niclas Department of Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Jülich Supercomputing Centre Institute for Advanced Simulations Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Jülich Germany Institute of Computer Science University of Bonn Bonn Germany Erlangen-Nürnberg Germany SimEx/FLOW Engineering Mechanics KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden PDC Centre for High Performance Computing KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden

The never-ending computational demand from simulations of turbulence makes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) a prime application use case for current and future exascale systems. high-order finite element methods, such as the spectral element method, have been gaining traction as they offer high performance on both multicore CPUs and modern GPU-based accelerators. In this work, we assess how high-fidelity CFD using the spectral element method can exploit the modular supercomputing architecture at scale through domain partitioning, where the computational domain is split between a Booster module powered by GPUs and a Cluster module with conventional CPU nodes. We investigate several different flow cases and computer systems based on the Modular Supercomputing Architecture (MSA). We observe that for our simulations, the communication overhead and load balancing issues incurred by incorporating different computing architectures are seldom worthwhile, especially when I/O is also considered, but when the simulation at hand requires more than the combined global memory on the GPUs, utilizing additional CPUs to increase the available memory can be fruitful. We support our results with a simple performance model to assess when running across modules might be beneficial. As MSA is becoming more widespread and efforts to increase system utilization are growing more important our results give insight into when and how a monolithic application can utilize and spread out to more than one module and obtain a faster time to solution. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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A Heuristic Sparsification Method to Improve the performance of Neural Networks on Autism Spectrum Disorder Identification Tasks

A Heuristic Sparsification Method to Improve the Performance...

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International Conference on Information Science and Technology (ICIST)

作者： Fangyu Zhang Yi Pan Yanjie Wei Jin Liu Zhenli Lin Centre for High Performance Computing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Bioinformatics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha China Department of Ophthalmology Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen China

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