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International Workshop on Virtualization Technology in Distributed computing (VTDC)

作者： Ming Zhao Renato J. Figueiredo Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory (ACIS) Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida USA

Virtual Machines are becoming increasingly valuable to resource consolidation and management, providing efficient and secure resource containers, along with desired application execution environments. This paper focuses on the VM-based resource reservation problem, that is, the reservations of CPU, memory and network resources for individual VM instances, as well as for VM clusters. In particular, it considers the scenario where one or several physical servers need to be vacated to start a cluster of VMs for dedicated execution of parallel jobs. VMs provide a primitive for transparently vacating workloads through migration; however, the process of migrating several VMs can be time-consuming and needs to be estimated. To achieve this goal, this paper seeks to provide a model that can characterize the VM migration process and predict its performance, based on a comprehensive experimental analysis. The results show that, given a certain VM's migration time, it is feasible to predict the time for a VM with other configurations, as well as the time for migrating a number of VMs. The paper also shows that migration of VMs in parallel results in shorter aggregate migration times, but with higher per-VM migration latencies. Experimental results also quantify the benefits of buffering the state of migrated VMs in main memory without committing to hard disks.

关键词： Virtual machining Voice mail Virtual manufacturing Environmental management Resource management Containers Network servers Predictive models Performance analysis Aggregates

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Adaptive Predictor Integration for System Performance Prediction

Adaptive Predictor Integration for System Performance Predic...

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Jian Zhang Renato J. Figueiredo Advanced Computing and Information Systems (ACIS) Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

The integration of multiple predictors promises higher prediction accuracy than the accuracy that can be obtained with a single predictor. The challenge is how to select the best predictor at any given moment. Traditionally, multiple predictors are run in parallel and the one that generates the best result is selected for prediction. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for predictor integration based on the learning of historical predictions. It uses classification algorithms such as k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) based supervised learning to forecast the best predictor for the workload under study. Then only the forecasted best predictor is run for prediction. Our experimental results show that it achieved 20.18% higher best predictor forecasting accuracy than the cumulative MSB based predictor selection approach used in the popular network weather service system. In addition, it outperformed the observed most accurate single predictor in the pool for 44.23% of the performance traces.

关键词： System performance Predictive models Virtual machining Weather forecasting Bandwidth Availability Accuracy Classification algorithms Grid computing Principal component analysis

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Gain modulation dynamics of a Raman amplified WDM system using time-division multiplexed pumps

Gain modulation dynamics of a Raman amplified WDM system usi...

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International Symposium on High Capacity Optical Networks and Enabling Technologies, HONET

作者： Vineetha Kalavally Malin Premaratne Tin Win Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering School of Engineering Monash University Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424418282

The gain modulation characteristics of an 80 nm wide, counter-pumped distributed Raman amplified WDM system has been studied when the pumps are time division multiplexed. When many optical amplifiers are employed in multi-repeater transoceanic systems, the pump is intensity modulated to obtain information about the health of the repeaters. Gain modulation dynamics referring to dynamics of pump modulation transferred to the signal is studied to help make a reasonable choice of pump wavelength for modulation and to provide power compensation if necessary from the resulting power penalty. In this paper, we study using numerical modeling, the effect of time division multiplexed pumping on the gain modulation dynamics in a WDM system. It is found that modulation transfer response is flatter and stronger across the WDM channels when the Raman amplifier pumps are time division multiplexed. The resulting increase in power penalty is determined.

关键词： Gain Modulation Time division multiplexing Stimulated emission Wavelength division multiplexing Optical fiber amplifiers Intensity modulation

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Simultaneous estimation of optical flow and object state: A modified approach to optical flow calculation

Simultaneous estimation of optical flow and object state: A ...

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IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control

作者： Pubudu N Pathirana Allan E.K. Lim John Carminati Malin Premaratne School of Engineering and Information Technology Deakin University Geelong Australia Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AXL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Monash University Clayton VIC Australia

Differential optical flow methods are widely used within the computer vision community. They are classified as being either local, as in the Lucas-Kanade method, or global, as in the Horn-Schunck technique. As the physical dynamics of an object is inherently coupled into the behavior of its image in the video stream, in this paper, we use such dynamic parameter information in calculating optical flow when tracking a moving object using a video stream. Indeed, we use a modified error function in the minimization that contains physical parameter information. Further, the refined estimates of optical flow is used for better estimation of the physical parameters of the object in the simultaneous estimation of optical flow and object state(SEOS).

关键词： Image motion analysis State estimation Optical sensors Optical filters Optical noise Parameter estimation Nonlinear optics Streaming media Optical fiber networks computer vision

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Modeling of Light Propagation through Biological Tissues: A Novel Approach

Modeling of Light Propagation through Biological Tissues: A ...

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Frontiers in the Convergence of Bioscience and information Technologies, FBIT

作者： Chintha C. Handapangoda Malin Premaratne Leslie Yeo James Friend Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AXL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC Australia Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory (MNRL) Department of Mechanical Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC Australia

An efficient numerical technique for modeling biological tissues using the radiative transfer equation is presented. Time dependence of the transient radiative transfer equation is approximated using Laguerre expansion. Azimuthal angle is discretized using the discrete ordinates method and the resulting set of ordinary differential equations is solved using the Runge-Kutta-Felhberg method.

关键词： Biological system modeling Optical propagation Biological tissues Equations Biology computing Laboratories Numerical models Azimuthal angle Optical scattering Cancer detection

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Indium phosphide nanowire photoconductors on non-single crystalline silicon-based platform

Indium phosphide nanowire photoconductors on non-single crys...

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2007 7th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology - IEEE-NANO 2007

作者： Kobayashi, Nobuhiko P. Logeeswaran, V.J. Li, Xuema Islam, M. Saif Straznicky, Joseph Wang, Shih-Yuan Li, Zhiyong Stanley Williams, R. Baskin School of Engineering University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA 95064 United States Advanced Studies Laboratories Univ. of California Santa Cruz United States NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field CA 94035 United States Information and Quantum Systems Laboratory Hewlett-Packard Laboratories Palo Alto CA 94304 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424406080

We describe the fabrication and characterization of photoconductors in which an ensemble of indium phosphide nanoneedles was utilized. DC electrical transport properties of the fabricated photoconductors were characterized under illumination with monochromatic light at 633 nm. This is the first demonstration of III-V compound semiconductor nanometer-scale structures monolithically integrated on non-single crystalline silicon-based materials as an optoelectronic device that can be fabricated by a simple and flexible process not limited by single crystal substrates. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Nanowires

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Nanocomputing with probabilistic logic

Nanocomputing with probabilistic logic

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2006 6th IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology, IEEE-NANO 2006

作者： Fortes, José A. B. Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424400783

This presentation considers the impact on logic design and computing of the fundamental unreliability of nanoscale device technologies. In general, these technologies will provide implementations of logic gates and circuits where logic levels are "0" or "1" with some probability related to the error rates of gates and interconnect. In this context, reliable circuit design becomes a problem of maximizing the probability of the correct logic levels of the output of the function implemented by the circuit for the relevant inputs. This presentation reviews some recent results and proposes new ideas for the characterization and design of probabilistic logic. Since the early days of computing it has been well known that the design of reliable arbitrary logic circuits is only possible if individual gates have error rates below some threshold which varies with gate functionality. Using bifurcation analysis of probabilistic gate models, thresholds for different types of gates are derived and their implications for logic design are revisited. Similar techniques are used to analyze multi-gate circuits and the functions they implement. The resulting thresholds provide reliability bounds for the circuits. Also considered are several proposed models for either analyzing reliability or maximizing it. Reference is also made to circuits designed to implement probabilistic computations. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Nanoelectronics

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Towards development of a 3-state self-paced brain-computer interface

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Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2007年第1期2007卷 84386页

作者： Bashashati, Ali Ward, Rabab K. Birch, Gary E. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Terry Fox Laboratory British Columbia Cancer Research Center Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada Brain Interface Laboratory Neil Squire Society Burnaby BC V5M 3Z3 2250 Boundary Road Canada Institute for Computing Information and Cognitive Systems Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

Most existing brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) detect specific mental activity in a so-called synchronous paradigm. Unlike synchronous systems which are operational at specific system-defined periods, self-paced (asynchronous) interfaces have the advantage of being operational at all times. The low-frequency asynchronous switch design (LF-ASD) is a 2-state self-paced BCI that detects the presence of a specific finger movement in the ongoing EEG. Recent evaluations of the 2-state LF-ASD show an average true positive rate of 41 at the fixed false positive rate of 1. This paper proposes two designs for a 3-state self-paced BCI that is capable of handling idle brain state. The two proposed designs aim at detecting right- and left-hand extensions from the ongoing EEG. They are formed of two consecutive detectors. The first detects the presence of a right- or a left-hand movement and the second classifies the detected movement as a right or a left one. In an offline analysis of the EEG data collected from four able-bodied individuals, the 3-state brain-computer interface shows a comparable performance with a 2-state system and significant performance improvement if used as a 2-state BCI, that is, in detecting the presence of a right- or a left-hand movement (regardless of the type of movement). It has an average true positive rate of 37.5 and 42.8 (at false positives rate of 1) in detecting right- and left-hand extensions, respectively, in the context of a 3-state self-paced BCI and average detection rate of 58.1 (at false positive rate of 1) in the context of a 2-state self-paced BCI.

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Application-Tailored Cache Consistency for Wide-Area File systems

Application-Tailored Cache Consistency for Wide-Area File Sy...

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International Conference on Distributed computing systems

作者： Ming Zhao R.J. Figueiredo Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory ACIS Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida USA

The inability to perform optimizations based on application-specific information presents a hurdle to the deployment of pervasive LAN file systems across WAN environments. This paper proposes a novel approach addressing this problem through application-tailored caching and consistency in widearea file systems. It leverages widely available Network File System (NFS) deployments without any modifications to kernels nor applications, and employs middleware to dynamically establish Grid-wide Virtual File System (GVFS) sessions with application-tailored cache consistency. Two consistency models are discussed in this paper: a relaxed model based on invalidation polling, and a stronger model based on delegation and callback. Experimental evaluation based on microbenchmarks and scientific applications show that with application-tailored cache consistency, GVFS is able to both improve application runtimes and reduce server load significantly, compared to kernel-level NFS in WAN.

关键词： File systems Kernel Middleware Wide area networks Pervasive computing Local area networks Runtime Delay information systems Processor scheduling

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Towards Autonomic Grid Data Management with Virtualized Distributed File systems

Towards Autonomic Grid Data Management with Virtualized Dist...

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International Conference on Autonomic computing (ICAC)

作者： Ming Zhao Jing Xu R.J. Figueiredo Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory ACIS Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida USA

Grid data management is a challenging task because of the heterogeneous, dynamic and largescale nature of Grid environments. This paper proposes an autonomic Grid data management architecture based on virtualized distributed file systems and WSRF-compliant management services. Autonomic functions are integrated into the services to provide self-managing control over the different entities of Grid-wide file system sessions in accordance with high-level objectives and operate together to automatically achieve the desired data provisioning behaviors. Important autonomic features are designed and implemented in this system in the aspects of cache configuration, data replication and session redirection. Experiments with a prototype demonstrate that this architecture can automatically and substantially improve the performance and reliability of Grid data access.

关键词： File systems Grid computing Environmental management Prototypes computer architecture Automatic control Operating systems Management information systems Data engineering engineering management

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