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The Tjon Band in Nuclear Lattice Effective Field Theory

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Klein, Nico Elhatisari, Serdar Lähde, Timo A. Lee, Dean Meißner, Ulf-G. Helmholtz-Institut fur Strahlen-und Kernphysik Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics Universität Bonn BonnD-53115 Germany Department of Physics Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Karaman70100 Turkey Forschungszentrum Jülich And Jülich Center for Hadron Physics Institute for Advanced Simulation JülichD-52425 Germany National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory Michigan State University MI48824 United States Department of Physics North Carolina State University RaleighNC27695 United States Forschungszentrum Jülich Jara-High Performance Computing JülichD-52425 Germany

We explore the lattice spacing dependence in Nuclear Lattice Effective Field Theory for few-body systems up to next-to-next-to leading order in chiral effective field theory including all isospin breaking and electromagnetic effects, the complete two-pion-exchange potential and the three-nucleon forces. We calculate phase shifts in the neutron-proton system and proton-proton systems as well as the scattering length in the neutron-neutron system. We then perform a full next-to-next-to-leading order calculation with two-nucleon and three-nucleon forces for the triton and helium-4 and analyse their binding energy correlation. We show how the Tjon band is reached by decreasing the lattice spacing and confirm the continuum observation that a four-body force is not necessary to describe light nuclei. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Binding energy

Matryoshka-caged gold nanorods： Synthesis, plasmonic properties, and catalytic activity

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Nano Research 2016年第2期9卷 415-423页

作者： Wei Xiong Debabrata Sikdar Lim Wei Yap Pengzhen Guo Malin Premaratne Xinyong Li Wenlong Cheng Department of Chemical Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia The Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication 151 Wellington Road Clayton VIC 3168 Australia Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Environmental Sciences and Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AχL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia

Matryoshka-caged gold nanorods （mCGNRs） were successfully synthesized by alternating between a seed-mediated silver-coating method and galvanic replacement reactions （GRRs）. As the number of matryoshka layers of the mCGNRs increased, the plasmon resonance peak broadened and was red-shifted, and the catalytic activity towards the reduction of 4-nitrophenol （4-NTP） increased. When mCGNRs with 6 layers were used as nanocatalysts in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol, the reaction rate coefficient was 5.2- and 3.7-times higher than that of the gold-nanorod- and caged-gold-nanorod-catalyzed reductions of 4-nitrophenol, respectively. In addition, the surface-plasmon-resonance-based absorption of light enhanced the catalytic performance of the mCGNRs. With the support of a polyurethane foam, the mCGNRs synthesized in this study can be applied as recydable heterogeneous catalysts for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.

关键词： matryoshka-caged gold nanorods galvanic replacement reaction 4-nitrophenol catalysis surface plasmon resonance

Input optics systems of the KAGRA detector during O3GK (vol 2023, 023F01, 2023)

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PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS 2023年第5期2023卷

作者： Akutsu, T. Ando, M. Arai, K. Arai, Y. Araki, S. Araya, A. Aritomi, N. Asada, H. Aso, Y. Bae, S. Bae, Y. Baiotti, L. Bajpai, R. Barton, M. A. Cannon, K. Cao, Z. Capocasa, E. Chan, M. Chen, C. Chen, K. Chen, Y. Chiang, C-I Chu, H. Chu, Y-K Eguchi, S. Enomoto, Y. Flaminio, R. Fujii, Y. Fujikawa, Y. Fukunaga, M. Fukushima, M. Furuhata, T. Gao, D. Ge, G-G Ha, S. Hagiwara, A. Haino, S. Han, W-B Hasegawa, K. Hattori, K. Hayakawa, H. Hayama, K. Himemoto, Y. Hiranuma, Y. Hirata, N. Hirose, E. Hong, Z. Hsieh, B-H Huang, G-Z Huang, H-Y Huang, P. Huang, Y-C Huang, Y-J Hui, D. C. Y. Ide, S. Ikenoue, B. Imam, S. Inayoshi, K. Inoue, Y. Ioka, K. Ito, K. Itoh, Y. Izumi, K. Jeon, C. Jin, H-B Jung, K. Jung, P. Kaihotsu, K. Kajita, T. Kakizaki, M. Kamiizumi, M. Kanbara, S. Kanda, N. Kang, G. Kataoka, Y. Kawaguchi, K. Kawai, N. Kawasaki, T. Kim, C. Kim, J. Kim, J. C. Kim, Ws Kim, Y-M Kimura, N. Kita, N. Kitazawa, H. Kojima, Y. Kokeyama, K. Komori, K. Kong, A. K. H. Kotake, K. Kozakai, C. Kozu, R. Kumar, R. Kume, J. Kuo, C. Kuo, H-S Kuromiya, Y. Kuroyanagi, S. Kusayanagi, K. Kwak, K. Lee, H. K. Lee, H. W. Lee, R. Leonardi, M. Li, K. L. Lin, L. C-C Lin, C-Y Lin, F-K Lin, F-L Lin, H. L. Liu, G. C. Luo, L-W Majorana, E. Marchio, M. Michimura, Y. Mio, N. Miyakawa, O. Miyamoto, A. Miyazaki, Y. Miyo, K. Miyoki, S. Mori, Y. Morisaki, S. Moriwaki, Y. Nagano, K. Nagano, S. Nakamura, K. Nakano, H. Nakano, M. Nakashima, R. Nakayama, Y. Narikawa, T. Naticchioni, L. Negishi, R. Quynh, L. Nguyen Ni, W-T Nishizawa, A. Nozaki, S. Obuchi, Y. Ogaki, W. Oh, J. J. Oh, S. H. Ohashi, M. Ohishi, N. Ohkawa, M. Ohta, H. Okutani, Y. Okutomi, K. Oohara, K. Ooi, C. Oshino, S. Otabe, S. Pan, K-C Pang, H. Parisi, A. Park, J. Arellano, F. E. Pena Pinto, I. Sago, N. Saito, S. Saito, Y. Sakai, K. Sakai, Y. Sakuno, Y. Sato, S. Sato, T. Sawada, T. Sekiguchi, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Shao, L. Shibagaki, S. Shimizu, R. Shimoda, T. Shimode, K. Shinkai, H. Shishido, T. Shoda, A. Somiya, K. Son, E. J. Sotani, H. Sugimoto, R. Suresh, J. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, T. Tagoshi, H. Takahashi, H Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research KAGRA Observatory The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Kashiwa City Chiba 277-8582 Japan Accelerator Laboratory High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 1-1 Oho Tsukuba City Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0032 Japan Department of Mathematics and Physics Graduate School of Science and Technology Hirosaki University 3 Bunkyo-cho Hirosaki Aomori 036-8561 Japan Kamioka Branch National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida City Gifu 506-1205 Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information 245 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea National Institute for Mathematical Sciences 70 Yuseong-daero 1689 Beon-gil Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34047 Republic of Korea International College Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka City Osaka 560-0043 Japan School of High Energy Accelerator Science The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 1-1 Oho Tsukuba City Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Xinjiekouwai Street 19 Haidian District Beijing 100875 China Department of Applied Physics Fukuoka University 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan Fukuoka City Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan Department of Physics Tamkang University No. 151 Yingzhuan Road Danshui Dist. New Taipei City 25137 Taiwan Department of Physics

KAGRA, the underground and cryogenic gravitational-wave detector, was operated for its solo observation from February 25 to March 10, 2020, and its first joint observation with the GEO 600 detector from April 7 to April 21, 2020 (O3GK). This study presents an overview of the input optics systems of the KAGRA detector, which consist of various optical systems, such as a laser source, its intensity and frequency stabilization systems, modulators, a Faraday isolator, mode-matching telescopes, and a high-power beam dump. These optics were successfully delivered to the KAGRA interferometer and operated stably during the observations. The laser frequency noise was observed to limit the detector sensitivity above a few kilohertz, whereas the laser intensity did not significantly limit the detector sensitivity.

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Identification of pre-microRNAs by characterizing their sequence order evolution information and secondary structure graphs

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BMC bioinformatics 2018年第SUPPL 19期19卷 521页

作者： Yuanlin Ma Zuguo Yu Guosheng Han Jinyan Li Vo Anh Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing of Ministry of Education and Hunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 China. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing of Ministry of Education and Hunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 China. yuzuguo@***. School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queensland University of Technology GPO Box 2434 Brisbane Q4001 Australia. yuzuguo@***. Advanced Analytics Institute Faculty of Engineering & IT University of Technology Sydney P.O Box 123 Broadway NSW 2007 Australia. School of Mathematical Sciences Queensland University of Technology GPO Box 2434 Brisbane Q4001 Australia.

BACKGROUND:Distinction between pre-microRNAs (precursor microRNAs) and length-similar pseudo pre-microRNAs can reveal more about the regulatory mechanism of RNA biological processes. Machine learning techniques have been widely applied to deal with this challenging problem. However, most of them mainly focus on secondary structure information of pre-microRNAs, while ignoring sequence-order information and sequence evolution information. RESULTS:We use new features for the machine learning algorithms to improve the classification performance by characterizing both sequence order evolution information and secondary structure graphs. We developed three steps to extract these features of pre-microRNAs. We first extract features from PSI-BLAST profiles and Hilbert-Huang transforms, which contain rich sequence evolution information and sequence-order information respectively. We then obtain properties of small molecular networks of pre-microRNAs, which contain refined secondary structure information. These structural features are carefully generated so that they can depict both global and local characteristics of pre-microRNAs. In total, our feature space covers 591 features. The maximum relevance and minimum redundancy (mRMR) feature selection method is adopted before support vector machine (SVM) is applied as our classifier. The constructed classification model is named MicroRNA -NHPred. The performance of MicroRNA -NHPred is high and stable, which is better than that of those state-of-the-art methods, achieving an accuracy of up to 94.83% on same benchmark datasets. CONCLUSIONS:The high prediction accuracy achieved by our proposed method is attributed to the design of a comprehensive feature set on the sequences and secondary structures, which are capable of characterizing the sequence evolution information and sequence-order information, and global and local information of pre-microRNAs secondary structures. MicroRNA -NHPred is a valuable method for pre-microRNAs iden

关键词： Hibert-Huang transform Network PSI-BLAST profiles Pre-microRNA SVM mRMR

Simulating the weak death of the neutron in a femtoscale universe with near-Exascale computing

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Berkowitz, Evan Clark, M.A. Gambhir, Arjun McElvain, Ken Nicholson, Amy Rinaldi, Enrico Vranas, Pavlos Walker-Loud, André Chang, Chia Cheng Joó, Bálint Kurth, Thorsten Orginos, Kostas Institut für Kernphysik Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich54245 Germany NVIDIA Corporation Santa ClaraCA95051 United States Physical Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94550 United States Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC27516-3255 United States RIKEN-BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Scientific Computing Group Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport NewsVA23606 United States NERSC Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics College of William & Mary USA WilliamsburgVA 23187 United States Theory Center Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport NewsVA23606 United States

The fundamental particle theory called Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) dictates everything about protons and neutrons, from their intrinsic properties to interactions that bind them into atomic nuclei. Quantities that cannot be fully resolved through experiment, such as the neutron lifetime (whose precise value is important for the existence of light-atomic elements that make the sun shine and life possible), may be understood through numerical solutions to QCD. We directly solve QCD using Lattice Gauge Theory and calculate nuclear observables such as neutron lifetime. We have developed an improved algorithm that exponentially decreases the time-to-solution and applied it on the new CORAL supercomputers, Sierra and Summit. We use run-time autotuning to distribute GPU resources, achieving 20% performance at low node count. We also developed optimal application mapping through a job manager, which allows CPU and GPU jobs to be interleaved, yielding 15% of peak performance when deployed across large fractions of CORAL. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum theory

Heavy Physics Contributions to Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay from QCD

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Physical Review Letters 2018年第17期121卷 172501-172501页

作者： A. Nicholson E. Berkowitz H. Monge-Camacho D. Brantley N. Garron C. C. Chang E. Rinaldi M. A. Clark B. Joó T. Kurth B. C. Tiburzi P. Vranas A. Walker-Loud Department of Physics and Astronomy University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina 27516-3255 USA Department of Physics University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Institut für Kernphysik and Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich 54245 Jülich Germany Department of Physics The College of William & Mary Williamsburg Virginia 23187 USA Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Physics Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California 94550 USA Theoretical Physics Division Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3BX United Kingdom Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS) RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN-BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA NVIDIA Corporation 2701 San Tomas Expressway Santa Clara California 95050 USA Scientific Computing Group Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport News Virginia 23606 USA NERSC Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics The City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA Graduate School and University Center The City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA

Observation of neutrinoless double beta decay, a lepton number violating process that has been proposed to clarify the nature of neutrino masses, has spawned an enormous world-wide experimental effort. Relating nuclear decay rates to high-energy, beyond the standard model (BSM) physics requires detailed knowledge of nonperturbative QCD effects. Using lattice QCD, we compute the necessary matrix elements of short-range operators, which arise due to heavy BSM mediators, that contribute to this decay via the leading order π−→π+ exchange diagrams. Utilizing our result and taking advantage of effective field theory methods will allow for model-independent calculations of the relevant two-nucleon decay, which may then be used as input for nuclear many-body calculations of the relevant experimental decays. Contributions from short-range operators may prove to be equally important to, or even more important than, those from long-range Majorana neutrino exchange.

关键词： Lattice QCD Lattice field theory Neutrinoless double beta decay

Calm multi-baryon operators

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Berkowitz, Evan Nicholson, Amy Chang, Chia Cheng Rinaldi, Enrico Clark, M.A. Joó, Bálint Kurth, Thorsten Vranas, Pavlos Walker-Loud, André Institut für Kernphysik Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich Department of Physics University of California Berkeley United States Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Department of Physics and Astronomy University of North Carolina Chapel Hill United States RIKEN-BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory NVIDIA Corporation Scientific Computing Group Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility NERSC Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

There are many outstanding problems in nuclear physics which require input and guidance from lattice QCD calculations of few baryons systems. However, these calculations suffer from an exponentially bad signal-to-noise problem which has prevented a controlled extrapolation to the physical point. The variational method has been applied very successfully to two-meson systems, allowing for the extraction of the two-meson states very early in Euclidean time through the use of improved single hadron operators. The sheer numerical cost of using the same techniques in two-baryon systems has so far been prohibitive. We present an alternate strategy which offers some of the same advantages as the variational method while being significantly less numerically expensive. We first use the Matrix Prony method to form an optimal linear combination of single baryon interpolating fields generated from the same source and different sink interpolating fields. Very early in Euclidean time this optimal linear combination is numerically free of excited state contamination, so we coin it a calm baryon. This calm baryon operator is then used in the construction of the two-baryon correlation functions. To test this method, we perform calculations on theWM/JLab iso-clover gauge configurations at the SU(3) flavor symmetric point with mπ ∼800 MeV -the same configurations we have previously used for the calculation of two-nucleon correlation functions. We observe the calm baryon significantly removes the excited state contamination from the two-nucleon correlation function to as early a time as the single-nucleon is improved, provided non-local (displaced nucleon) sources are used. For the local two-nucleon correlation function (where both nucleons are created from the same space-time location) there is still improvement, but there is significant excited state contamination in the region the single calm baryon displays no excited state contamination. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights re

关键词： Hadrons

Publisher's Note: “Inter-layer and intra-layer heat transfer in bilayer/monolayer graphene van der Waals heterostructure: Is there a Kapitza resistance analogous?” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 233104 (2018)]

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Applied Physics Letters 2018年第7期113卷

作者： Ali Rajabpour Zheyong Fan S. Mehdi Vaez Allaei 1Advanced Simulation and Computing Laboratory Mechanical Engineering Department Imam Khomeini International University Qazvin Iran 2School of Nano-Science Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) Tehran Iran 3COMP Centre of Excellence Department of Applied Physics Aalto University Helsinki Finland 4Department of Physics University of Tehran Tehran 14395-547 Iran

This article was originally published online on 6 June 2018. Due to a production error, the initially-published version contained a typographical error in one o

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Heavy physics contributions to neutrinoless double beta decay from QCD

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Nicholson, A. Berkowitz, E. Monge-Camacho, H. Brantley, D. Garron, N. Chang, C.C. Rinaldi, E. Clark, M.A. Joó, B. Kurth, T. Tiburzi, B.C. Vranas, P. Walker-Loud, A. Department of Physics and Astronomy University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC27516-3255 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Institut für Kernphysik Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich54245 Germany Department of Physics College of William & Mary WilliamsburgVA23187 United States Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Physics Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94550 United States Theoretical Physics Division Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Liverpool LiverpoolL69 3BX United Kingdom RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama351-0198 Japan RIKEN-BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States NVIDIA Corporation 2701 San Tomas Expressway Santa ClaraCA95050 United States Scientific Computing Group Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport NewsVA23606 United States NERSC Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Graduate School and University Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States

Observation of neutrinoless double beta decay, a lepton number violating process that has been proposed to clarify the nature of neutrino masses, has spawned an enormous world-wide experimental effort. Relating nuclear decay rates to high-energy, beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics requires detailed knowledge of non-perturbative QCD effects. Using lattice QCD, we compute the necessary matrix elements of short-range operators, which arise due to heavy BSM mediators, that contribute to this decay via the leading order π-→ π+exchange diagrams. Utilizing our result and taking advantage of effective field theory methods will allow for model-independent calculations of the relevant two-nucleon decay, which may then be used as input for nuclear many-body calculations of the relevant experimental decays. Contributions from short-range operators may prove to be equally important to, or even more important than, those from long-range Majorana neutrino exchange. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum theory