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advanced control for Applications: engineering and Industrial Systems 2019年第1期1卷

作者： Stephens, Craig Controls & Automated Systems Research and Advanced Engineering Ford Motor Company DearbornMI United States

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Battery abuse response: Alternative characterization methods and automotive application considerations

Battery abuse response: Alternative characterization methods...

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Battery engineering for Automotive Applications 2018

作者： Snyder, Kent Denlinger, Matt Masias, Alvaro Zhou, Zoe Research and Advanced Engineering Ford Motor Company United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510867383

• DMTA may provide insights into fundamentalmaterial changes and degradation in thin film separator pre catastrophic abuse exposure • Direct transmission FTIR may provide insights into stability and fundamental material changes in polyolefin separators in high voltage or pre catastrophic abuse exposure • CSBC presents a new methodology for characterizing battery heat release in catastrophic thermal exposure • CSBC coupled with Cone Calorimetry observations indicate a low specific heat release value for a common Li ion battery chemistry and cell relative to many traditional automotive polymers and fuels in catastrophic thermal exposure • Traditional standard abuse response test methods may reveal new failure paths or new robustness for specific aspects of next generation beyond Li ion technologies. © (2018) by Cambridge EnerTech. All rights reserved.

关键词： Separators

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Low-and high-frequency NVH CAE – test methods for development of a lightweight sedan design 1

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4th International ATZ Conference on Vehicle Acoustics, 2017

作者： Gur, Yuksel Pan, Jian Wagner, David A. Ford Motor Company Research and Advanced Engineering Research Innovation Center 2101 Village Road DearbornMI48121 United States Autoneum North America Inc. 29293 Haggerty Road NoviMI48377 United States

ISBN: (数字)9783658202514

ISBN: (纸本)9783658202507

The Multi Material Lightweight Vehicle ("MMLV") is a collaborative effort between ford motor company, Magna International and US Department of Energy to design, develop and deliver a 23.3% weight saving over the baseline vehicle, "Vehicle A", using lightweight materials and manufacturing technologies. © Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2019 W. Siebenpfeiffer (Hrsg.), Automotive Acoustics Conference 2017.

关键词： Automotive industry

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Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) implementation and validation of SAE Level 2 automated vehicle with subsystem fault tolerant fallback performance for takeover scenarios

Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) implementation and validation of ...

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AUVSI XPONENTIAL 2018

作者： Joshi, Adit Research and Advanced Engineering Ford Motor Company 20000 Rotunda Drive DearbornMI United States

The progression from SAE Level 1 to SAE Level 2 or partial automation involves the critical task of merging autonomous lateral control and autonomous longitudinal control such that the tasks of steering and acceleration/deceleration are not required to be handled by the driver under certain conditions.1 Due to the disadvantages of vehicle testing being expensive, time-consuming and hazardous for testing such scenarios, an alternative method of development and validation is required. This research focuses on a real-time powertrain-based Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) implementation and validation of an SAE Level 2 automated vehicle. The performance of the SAE Level 2 automated vehicle was also studied using simulations during takeover scenarios due to subsystem faults. © 2018 IQPC. All rights reserved.

关键词： Longitudinal control

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Effects of Reference-Command Preview as Humans Learn to control Dynamic Systems

Effects of Reference-Command Preview as Humans Learn to Cont...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Amelia J. S. Sheffler S. Alireza Seyyed Mousavi Erik Hellström Mrdjan Jankovic Mario A. Santillo T. M. Seigler Jesse B. Hoagg Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA Research and Advanced Engineering Ford Motor Company Dearborn MI USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781728145709

We present results from an experiment in which 22 human subjects each interact with a dynamic system 40 times over a one-week period. For each interaction, a subject performs a command-following task. The reference commands are the same for all subjects but different on each trial. The subjects are divided into 2 groups. One group performs the command-following task without reference-command preview, and the other group is provided with l-s preview of the reference command. We use the experimental results to examine the effects of reference-command preview. We also present a subsystem identification algorithm to model the control strategies that each subject uses on each trial. For the group with l-s preview, the average identified feedforward time delay is approximately 26 ms over the last ten trials, whereas the average identified feedforward time delay is approximately 284 ms over the last ten trials for the group without preview. For the group with preview, the average identified feedforward controller approximates the inverse dynamics of the system with which the subjects interact better after 40 trials than on the first trial. In contrast, for the group without preview, the average identified feedforward controller does not approximate the inverse dynamics of the system better after 40 trials.

关键词： Delay effects Trajectory Feedforward systems Wheels Task analysis Adaptive control

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Performance and reliability requirements for the application of SiC power MOSFET in electrified vehicle drive systems

Performance and reliability requirements for the application...

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International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials, ICSCRM 2017

作者： Su, Ming Chen, Ching Chi Research and Advanced Engineering Ford Motor Company 2101 Village Road DearbornMI48124 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783035711455

In the past 20 years, SiC has gone through rapid development as a next-generation power semiconductor and the automotive market is considered one of its key potential application areas. Recently SiC power MOSFETs became commercially available from multiple manufacturers, attracting significant interest in the automotive industry for their benefits in the electric drivetrain system, including higher energy efficiency and opportunities of component weight and size reduction. Optimistic prediction of technology adoption in hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) also helped create a momentum for semiconductor suppliers to engage in the demonstration of SiC power modules for the traction inverter application. However, the performance expectations and reliability requirements of SiC-based power control units remain challenging for the cost-sensitive market. This paper will discuss the status and outlook of electrified powertrain systems, and outline the requirements for wide implementation of SiC power MOSFETs. © 2018 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Silicon carbide

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Cumulative Prospect Theory Based Dynamic Pricing for Shared Mobility on Demand Services

Cumulative Prospect Theory Based Dynamic Pricing for Shared ...

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IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and control

作者： Yue Guan Anuradha M. Annaswamy H. Eric Tseng Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge MA USA Ford Motor Company Research and Advanced Engineering (R&A) Dearborn MI USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728113982

ISBN: (纸本)9781728113999

Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT) is a modeling tool widely used in behavioral economics and cognitive psychology that captures subjective decision making of individuals under risk or uncertainty. In this paper, we propose a dynamic pricing strategy for Shared Mobility on Demand Services (SMoDSs) using behavioral modeling based on CPT. This dynamic pricing strategy together with dynamic routing algorithms that we have developed earlier, provide a complete solution customized for the SMoDS of multi-passenger transport. The basic principles of CPT and the derivation of the passenger behavioral model in the SMoDS context are described in detail. The implications of CPT on dynamic pricing for the SMoDS are delineated using computational experiments involving passenger preferences and risk attitudes. These implications include interpretation of the classic fourfold pattern of risk attitudes, strong risk aversion over mixed prospects, and behavioral preferences of self reference. Overall, it is argued that the use of the CPT framework corresponds to a crucial building block in designing socio-technical systems by allowing quantification of subjective decision making under risk or uncertainty that is perceived to be otherwise qualitative.

关键词： Pricing Heuristic algorithms Vehicle dynamics Uncertainty Transportation Routing Utility theory

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A Reference Governor Approach Towards Recovery from Constraint Violation

A Reference Governor Approach Towards Recovery from Constrai...

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American control Conference

作者： Joycer Osorio Mario Santillo Julia Buckland Seeds Mrdjan Jankovic Hamid R. Ossareh University of Vermont Burlington VT 05405 U.S.A. Research & Advanced Engineering at Ford Motor Company Dearborn MI 48124 U.S.A.

ISBN: (纸本)9781538679012;9781538679265

This paper proposes a new formulation for the Reference Governor (RG) applied to linear systems affected by exogenous disturbances, specifically those large enough to cause constraint violation. This formulation is based on a set-theoretic approach which includes external disturbances within a new RG, that we call Recovery RG (RRG). The idea is to update the Maximal Output Admissible Set (MAS) and compute a constraint-admissible input that recovers the system from constraint violation at steady-state. The proposed RRG overcomes some of the limitations of standard RG schemes, and maintains their desirable features such as formulation simplicity and finite time determination of the MAS. We validate this new scheme by simulating a linearized turbocharged gasoline engine affected by additive disturbances.

关键词： Reference governor constraint violation recovery maximal output admissible set disturbance observer additive disturbances disturbance observer time measurement gasoline engine external disturbance

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Fixed-time control under spatiotemporal and input constraints: A quadratic program based approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Garg, Kunal Arabi, Ehsan Panagou, Dimitra Department of Aerospace Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Research and Advanced Engineering Ford Motor Company DearbornMI48121 United States

In this paper, we present a control synthesis framework for a general class of nonlinear, control-affine systems under spatiotemporal and input constraints. First, we study the problem of fixed-time convergence in the presence of input constraints. The relation between the domain of attraction for fixed-time stability with respect to input constraints and the required time of convergence is established. It is shown that increasing the control authority or the required time of convergence can expand the domain of attraction for fixed-time stability. Then, we consider the problem of finding a control input that confines the closed-loop system trajectories in a safe set and steers them to a goal set within a fixed time. To this end, we present a Quadratic Program (QP) formulation to compute the corresponding control input. We use slack variables to guarantee feasibility of the proposed QP under input constraints. Furthermore, when strict complementary slackness holds, we show that the solution of the QP is a continuous function of the system states, and establish uniqueness of closed-loop solutions to guarantee forward invariance using Nagumo’s theorem. We present two case studies, an example of adaptive cruise control problem and an instance of a two-robot motion planning problem, to corroborate our proposed methods. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quadratic programming

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AN ONLINE EVOLVING FRAMEWORK FOR MODELING THE SAFE AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE control SYSTEM VIA ONLINE RECOGNITION OF LATENT RISKS

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Han, Teawon Filev, Dimitar Özgüner, Ümit Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Research & Advanced Engineering Ford Motor Company DearbornMI48121 United States

An online evolving framework is proposed to support modeling the safe Automated Vehicle (AV) control system by making the controller able to recognize unexpected situations and react appropriately by choosing a better action. Within the framework, the evolving Finite State Machine (e-FSM), which is an online model able to (1) determine states uniquely as needed, (2) recognize states, and (3) identify state-transitions, is introduced. In this study, the e-FSM’s capabilities are explained and illustrated by simulating a simple car-following scenario. As a vehicle controller, the Intelligent Driver Model (IDM) is implemented, and different sets of IDM parameters are assigned to the following vehicle for simulating various situations (including the collision). While simulating the car-following scenario, e-FSM recognizes and determines the states and identifies the transition matrices by suggested methods. To verify if e-FSM can recognize and determine states uniquely, we analyze whether the same state is recognized under the identical situation. The difference between probability distributions of predicted and recognized states is measured by the Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD) method to validate the accuracy of identified transition-matrices. As shown in the results, the Dead-End state which has latent-risk of the collision is uniquely determined and consistently recognized. Also, the probability distributions of the predicted state are significantly similar to the recognized state, declaring that the state-transitions are precisely identified. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Probability distributions

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