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Application of generative AI technologies to engineering design

Procedia CIRP 2025年 132卷 147-152页

作者： Daniel Byrne Vincent Hargaden Nikolaos Papakostas Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing Simulation and Robotics School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University College Dublin Ireland I-Form Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre Ireland

This paper explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the engineering design domain. Two experiments were designed for examining the abilities of diverse generative AI platforms in engineering design applications. The first experiment tested the AI models’ abilities to interpret design briefs, perform arithmetic calculations, and finally to provide instructions to design a part in two separate computer-aided design (CAD) platforms, thus gaining an insight into their perception of the functionality of the CAD platforms. The second experiment required the AI tools to design a headphone holder stand from scratch, further assessing their capabilities in CAD, but also their abilities in product design. The experiments found that these technologies show great potential in the area of engineering design. While they are not yet near the level of a human engineer, they currently exhibit capabilities that may be useful in product concept generation and design processes.

关键词： Computer-aided design Machine learning Conceptual design Product development

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Developing a Framework for Natural Human Movement Mimicry of Low-Dynamic Motions in Mobile-Based Humanoids

Developing a Framework for Natural Human Movement Mimicry of...

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2025 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration, SII 2025

作者： Gormuzov, Simon Wang, Yushi Yang, Pinchu Miyake, Tamon Ogata, Tetsuya Sugano, Shigeki Waseda University Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering Tokyo Japan Waseda University Future Robotics Organization Tokyo Japan Waseda University Faculty of Science and Engineering Tokyo Japan The National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531614

In this work, we propose a framework that facilitates natural whole-body movements for a mobile-based humanoid. The framework takes bipedal human motion animation as input. After re-targeting the motion to the robot rig, the joint space data is applied to a physics-enabled robot model for balance confirmation and then deployed one-shot to the real robot. This method is beneficial for: 1) mapping expressive and low-dynamic whole-body motions, such as walking, to mobile-based robots;and 2) serving as a basis for training more complex control policies for more dynamic motions. Experiments were conducted by deploying human walking animations to the robot, assessing its ability to mirror the movements, and evaluating the subjective feelings of humans observing the robot performing the motions generated by both the proposed method and the traditional method. The results indicated that the proposed method is effective for mimicking human movements and consistently delivered a better overall impression in the natural appearance of the motion, the human-like factor, and friendliness. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Animation

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BIG-STEP: Better-Initialized State Estimator for Legged Robots with Fast and Robust Ground Segmentation 23

BIG-STEP: Better-Initialized State Estimator for Legged Robo...

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23rd International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems, ICCAS 2023

作者： Song, Seunggyu Yu, Byeongho Oh, Minho Myung, Hyun Kookmin University Department of Automotive Engineering Seoul02707 Korea Republic of School of Electrical Engineering KI-Robotics Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9788993215274

Legged robots are crucial in various applications, from search and rescue operations to exploration missions in challenging terrain. Accurate estimation of the robot's state is paramount for achieving precise and reliable navigation. However, estimating the state of legged robots presents unique challenges due to inherent uncertainties, dynamics, and environmental interactions. We propose a novel state estimator for legged robots that leverages the ground plane to mitigate errors in the z-component of the state estimate especially. By exploiting the information provided by the effectively estimated ground plane, which serves as a reliable reference, the proposed estimator compensates for errors and enhances the accuracy of the estimated state. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed state estimator, real-world experiments are conducted on a legged robot platform. The results demonstrate significant improvements in state estimation accuracy, particularly in the z-component when compared with conventional state estimation methods. The proposed state estimator can potentially enhance the performance and autonomy of legged robots in various applications, including locomotion control, terrain mapping, and environment perception. Furthermore, its robustness and accuracy make it well-suited for scenarios where precise state estimation is crucial for safe and effective operation. © 2023 ICROS.

关键词： State estimation

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Supplemental Human-Machine Interface for Haptic Shared Control to Convey Sensor Reliability Information to an Operator of Underwater Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Haptics 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Sato, Eito Orita, Yasuaki Sakagami, Norimitsu Wada, Takahiro Nara Institute of Science and Technology Human Robotics Laboratory Information Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Ikoma Japan Ryukoku University Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Course Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Shiga Japan

In haptic shared control (HSC) for teleoperation, the human operator and autonomous system share control via torque on the input device. When a discrepancy exists between the human's maneuvering intent and the autonomous maneuver presentation, the human can apply additional force to the device to achieve the desired maneuvering. The required force level is generally predetermined during design and closely relates to the human workload. This study investigated scenarios where discrepancies between human and machine control occur frequently owing to unreliable sensor information. We propose a method to allow the operator to adjust the machine's assist level, facilitating smoother control transitions and proving useful when machine suggestions are unreliable. Conventional HSC systems generally lack sufficient information for operators to make informed decisions regarding adjusting assist levels, leading to delayed decisions and increased workloads. To address this, our research objective is to communicate sensor reliability to humans, thereby facilitating deciding the machine's assist level. We focused on the HSC of a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) where the sensor system is prone to unreliable. Maneuvering experiments with an ROV simulation involving sixteen participants demonstrated the proposed method effectively communicates sensor reliability to operators and reduces mental demand compared to conventional methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Remotely operated vehicles

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Representation of Human Arm Dynamic Intents with An Electrical-Impedance-Tomography (EIT)-Driven Musculoskeletal Model for Human-Robot Interaction

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IEEE Transactions on robotics 2025年 41卷 3278-3296页

作者： Zheng, Enhao Liu, Xiaodong Xu, Chenfeng Zhou, Zhihao Wang, Qining State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Institute for Artificial Intelligence Peking University Beijing100871 China Faculty of Engineering School of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics Peking University The Institute for Artificial Intelligence Beijing100871 China

Representing human arm dynamic intent is essential for efective human-robot interaction. Accurately and robustly decoding these intentions through mathematical modeling of neuromuscular processes poses signifcant challenges. This study introduces an EIT-driven musculoskeletal model which integrates an EIT sensing system with methods for muscle identifcation, parameter estimation, and musculoskeletal system modeling. Unlike existing muscle-signal techniques, EIT captures muscle activities from the anatomical cross-sectional plane, providing both activation dynamics and morphological features. We validated our method through multi-DoF wrist kinematics estimation under varying contraction intensities, arm endpoint stifness estimation, and robotic variable admittance control. Our approach achieves accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art methods while requiring fewer training samples and a more compact sensing system. The model incorporates physiological constraints, minimizing decoding errors and ensuring interaction safety. This method enables reliable intent decoding with practical training demands. Future work will enhance the EIT system for complex tasks. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Muscle

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A Novel Quadruple Dispensing Heads Sticking Adhesive Tape Robot System and Its Applications

A Novel Quadruple Dispensing Heads Sticking Adhesive Tape Ro...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics, ICM 2025

作者： Suwanratchatamanee, Kitti Sawada, Hideyuki Hashimoto, Shuji Robotics Research and Development Center GOLDEN ROBOT Co. Ltd. Rayong Thailand Grad. School of Advanced Science and Engineering WASEDA University Tokyo Japan WASEDA University Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533892

Industrial robots are increasingly being used to assist and replace workers in factories to address the global labor shortage in various applications. The use of robots can provide many benefits to the effective production and manufacturing. Taping is one of the robots' applications. However, current tape robots can only tape one strip at a time, which can be time-consuming in practice if multiple strips of tape are required at the same time for special workpieces. This paper presents a novel sticking adhesive tape robot system. As the object to be taped are four-line hot pipes to be attached on the outer shell of refrigerator, thus four strips of tape are required at the same time before assembly process. The proposed robot system contains the novel tooling called 'Quadruple Dispensing Heads'. This tooling was developed to tape four strips of tape to be applied simultaneously. This tooling can adjust the gap of tape strips from 80mm to 110mm. Moreover, the research objective is to produce a robot system that can apply tape with higher quality and faster than human workers, so that human workers can move on to more complicated tasks instead of performing repetitive, routine tasks that do not require such special skills and knowledge. As the result, our proposed system can achieve the four lines of *** length, through IS7N pushing force (when operate the air working pressure at ***) sticking taping task perfectly with 100% success rate of experiments in just 3 seconds and faster than human worker significantly. Since, human worker needs about 3 seconds per each I.5m taping line. Therefore, human needs approximately 12 seconds in total for four lines. Accordingly, our proposed robot system is faster than human worker in four times. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Industrial robots

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Suppression of thermal transport in bent boron arsenide nanoribbons

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Physical Review Applied 2024年第5期22卷 054019页

作者： Guanbo Jiao Shuo Qiao Jun Lyu Yi Tao Lin Yang Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics College of Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology

Boron arsenide (BAs) has emerged as a strong contender for next-generation functional materials, boasting desirable attributes such as high thermal conductivity and ambipolar mobility. However, a critical yet underexplored challenge lies in understanding its heat conduction capabilities under inhomogeneous strain, which is pivotal across various functional devices and operational conditions. Here, through modeling thermal transport in bent BAs and Si nanoribbons, a striking difference is revealed. Namely, the BAs nanoribbons exhibit nearly twice the reduction in thermal conductivity compared with Si under identical bending conditions. This significant disparity is driven by two key factors: the pronounced effect of phonon-spectra broadening under strain and the inhomogeneous strain-induced narrowing of the acoustic and optical (ao) gap. Together, these factors relax the originally restricted phonon scattering phase space and fundamentally alter phonon scattering dynamics. Our findings not only offer a new perspective on how heat transfer can be dynamically modulated in BAs, but also provide crucial insights into enhancing thermal performance in BAs-based functional devices.

关键词： Anharmonic lattice dynamics Bending Heat transfer Phonons Strain Thermal conductivity Nanoribbon Molecular dynamics

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Aerodynamic Performance of Bio-inspired 3D Corrugated Wings Learned from the Ladybird BeetleHindwing

Aerodynamic Performance of Bio-inspired 3D Corrugated Wings ...

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2023 Annual IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale, 3M-NANO 2023

作者： Liu, Chao Wang, Kejun Wang, Qian Soochow University School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering Suzhou215123 China Soochow University Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics Suzhou215123 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350344486

Beetle hindwings have two specific features: the deployable hindwing and corrugation wing. In the low Reynolds numbers environment, the corrugated wing structure of insect wings proves to be essential for improving *** order to explore further whether flexible corrugated structure has a significant effect on aerodynamic effects. Two 3D corrugated wing models (3D-CW models) were designed with rigid and flexible properties, respectively. In this paper, based on ANSYS Fluent, the fluid-structure interaction method is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations numerically. At a series of angles of attack, the flexible wing has better aerodynamics at angles of attack larger than 10°;the deformed leading edge can induce a stronger Leading edge vortex (LEV) than found at the rigid wing. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Navier Stokes equations

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Cylindrical Elastic Crawler with Active Steering Using Sliders for Pipe Inspection

Cylindrical Elastic Crawler with Active Steering Using Slide...

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IEEE/RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob)

作者： Jun-ya Nagase Yo Unno Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Advanced Science and Technology Ryukoku University Shiga Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350386523

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386530

Pipe systems in infrastructure facilities, such as chemical plants and gas lines, require regular inspection. A major challenge faced by the traditional solution, that is, human-operated industrial endoscopes, is that they cannot penetrate deeply owing to the rigidity of the endoscope cable, which causes significant friction inside the pipes. Consequently, there is increasing interest in the deployment of robots capable of independent locomotion inside pipes. This study built upon a cylindrical elastic crawler previously developed by the authors, developed a novel steering mechanism for in-pipe robots. This steering mechanism is controlled by a slider moving longitudinally along the frame, and allows the driving force of the crawler belt on the inner side of the turn to be reduced to zero, enabling turning in any direction. In experiments with 75A-diameter T-shaped pipes, the robot demonstrated its ability to turn in any direction. This capability was maintained even when the robot was inserted into the pipe at random angles. The results indicate that the implementation of the proposed steering mechanism expands the navigable range of in-pipe environments for the cylindrical elastic crawler robot.

关键词： Gears Endoscopes Service robots Crawlers Force Inspection Belts Turning Rigidity Robots

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A Cable-driven Robot for Indoor Acrylic Emulsion Painting 1

A Cable-driven Robot for Indoor Acrylic Emulsion Painting

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1st International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Electronics and Computational Intelligence, ICAEECI 2023

作者： Akarawarit, A. Vongbunyong, S. King Mongkut's University of Technology Innovation and Advanced Manufacturing Research Group Institute of Field Robotics Bangkok Thailand Vasin Engineering Corporation Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350342796

Nowadays, the construction industry has expanded but the number of labors tends to decrease. A number of safety regulations in accordance with chemical working performed by human workers are involved in construction work, especially painting process. The concept of developing a cable-driven robot for wall spraying with Acrylic watercolor for indoor construction are initiated. The operation of this robot is designed to be moveable and easy to install. The Robot module is linked with soft cables and control by stepper motors for controlling moving path of an industrial paint nozzle. In this research, the prototype is determined to work with at least 90% efficiency on 1.2m x 2.4m panels. However, the system still requires human labor to install the spray paint robot system and finish off the detailed correction nearby the border area where the nozzle cannot reach. This project is expected to be able to increase workplace safety standard and reduce the number of workers for this activity. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cable-driven robot Construction Robot Paining

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