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Blockchain-Enabled Secure Offloading for VEC: A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Approach

IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2025年第3期22卷 2978-2995页

作者： Lu, Xiaozhen Xiao, Liang Xiao, Yilin Xiong, Zehui Liu, Zhe Zhang, Yanyong Zhuang, Weihua Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing211106 China Xiamen University Department of Information and Communication Engineering Xiamen361005 China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen518172 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design 487372 Singapore Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou310027 China University of Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Technology Hefei230026 China University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

Vehicular edge computing (VEC) helps improve the task computational performance of vehicles on roads but has difficulty in defending against eavesdropping and selfish attacks simultaneously. In this paper, we design a reputation-based smart contract with blockchain and propose a multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) based secure offloading scheme for VEC against both eavesdropping and selfish attacks. This scheme has a three-level hierarchical structure for each vehicle and uses the reputations obtained from the blockchain as the basis to optimize the edge node selection, offloading ratio, and power allocation, which aims to reduce the task computational latency, the vehicle energy consumption and eavesdropping rate. By using a punishment function based on the constraints, this scheme avoids exploring dangerous policies that can cause task failure or severe data leakage. A multi-agent deep RL-based secure offloading scheme is proposed for vehicles with sufficient resources, which evaluates the long-term risk rather than the punishment function to further improve the secure offloading performance. The regret bound is analyzedand the cumulative reward upper bound is provided. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of our schemes as compared with the benchmark. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Computation offloading

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Usability evaluation of a mobile ecological interface design application for diabetes management

Usability evaluation of a mobile ecological interface design...

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49th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, HFES 2005

作者： Kwok, Jordanna Burns, Catherine M. Advanced Interface Design Lab. Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)094528926X

Healthcare applications for small-screen mobile devices are becoming increasingly common for medical professionals and patients. Even so, usability issues including navigation and screen clutter remain a challenge. Ecological interface design (EID) was used to design a patient-oriented diabetes management display for Java-enabled mobile devices, making it one of the first mobile EID (mEID) applications. This paper presents a usability evaluation of the diabetes management application, which compares the mEID display to a modified taskbased display (mEID+Task). The mEID+Task display integrates functional task characteristics such as frequency and necessity;menu structure, item ordering, item labelling, and input scheme were varied. Results showed that normalised trial completion times were moderately faster in the mEID+Task display than in the mEID display, while no differences were observed in trial completion accuracy. Furthermore, the mEID+Task display received higher preference ratings than the mEID display alone. The findings suggest that the usability of mEID displays can be improved by incorporating a task-oriented approach.

关键词： Mobile devices

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Choosing the best from the good: Display engineering principles

Choosing the best from the good: Display engineering princip...

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49th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, HFES 2005

作者： Burns, Catherine M. Advanced Interface Design Lab. Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)094528926X

Most guidance documents on display design either provide a rigid design standard or a list of high level principles. I argue that neither of these approaches is adequate for a complex display design effort. We need instead to develop a category of higher level "display engineering" principles and methods that can consistently drive a professional display designer to best practices in display design. While this concept of display engineering principles still needs development, I will propose two example display engineering practices, graphical object sensitivity analysis and display design with a margin of safety as examples of what could be gained by establishing a systematic display engineering process.

关键词： Display devices

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design of advanced graphical displays for the turbine-generator systems of the Forsmark 3 simulator

Design of advanced graphical displays for the turbine-genera...

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27th Annual Conference of the Canadian Nuclear Society and 30th Canadian Nuclear Society - Nuclear Energy A World of Service to Humanity

作者： Kwok, Jordanna Burns, Catherine M. Advanced Interface Design Lab. Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ont.

ISBN: (纸本)0919784860

As new technologies are introduced into the nuclear industry, there is increasing interest in replacing existing hardwired monitoring systems in nuclear power plant control rooms with innovative human-machine interface (HMI) graphical displays. However, investigations into past accidents at nuclear generating facilities have identified human performance limitations arising from HMI design as one of the most important factors in plant safety. Ecological interface design (EID) is a design methodology for HMI graphical displays that attempts to support operator performance for both anticipated and unanticipated events, which are often precursors to serious accidents. The university of waterloo and the university of Toronto are collaborating with the Norwegian Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) to examine the application of EID in the Swedish Forsmark 3 boiling water reactor nuclear power plant. This paper focuses on the design of advanced graphical displays for the turbine-generator systems.

关键词： User interfaces

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Mental models and the abstraction hierarchy: Assessing ecological compatibility

Mental models and the abstraction hierarchy: Assessing ecolo...

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Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 45th Annual Meeting

作者： St-Cyr, Olivier Burns, Catherine M. Advanced Interface Design Lab Dept. of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ont. Canada

This paper presents a new approach to understanding mental models for complex industrial systems. Using the Abstraction Hierarchy (AH) framework as a way to describe mental models, we propose an approach to assess ecological compatibility between an operator's internal mental model and a model of the environment. In order to do so, we have combined and built upon the previous work of Rasmussen (1979) and Moray (1996). We believe that this new approach can assess ecological compatibility and ultimately provide the operator with a more accurate and complete internal mental model that reflects the reality of the environment. We argue that Ecological interface design (EID) is a way to link mental models and the environment. Future work will be needed in order to assess ecological compatibility. This includes capturing and examining operators' internal mental models, and comparing them with models of the environment.

关键词： Ergonomics

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A work domain analysis for network management

A work domain analysis for network management

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Proceedings of the XIVth Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association and 44th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Association, 'Ergonomics for the New Millennnium'

作者： Burns, Catherine M. Barsalou, Ed Handler, Cynthia Kuo, Johnson Harrigan, Kevin Advanced Interface Design Lab Dept. of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Canada Department of Computer Science University of Waterloo Canada

Computer networks are pervasive and critical to the operation of today's businesses. While most of us take computer networks for granted, network managers who must configure, operate, and fix faults in computer networks face a daunting task that becomes more complex everyday. Ecological interface design has been shown to be a promising approach for complex systems such as power plants or petrochemical systems. Computer networks are a very different work domain characterized by rapid technological change, extreme decentralization, and the existence of "soft" components. This paper presents the first work domain analysis of this new domain creating an abstraction hierarchy for general signal transfer systems and general computing networks. It shows how the abstraction hierarchy can be applied to this new domain and presents the initial work on an ecological interface design for network management.

关键词： Computer networks

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An infrared photothermoelectric detector enabled by MXene and PEDOT:PSS composite for noncontact fingertip tracking

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第1期9卷 229-239页

作者： Jiaqi Wang Zhemiao Xie Guanxuan Lu Jiayu Alexander Liu John T.W.Yeow Advanced Micro-/Nano-Devices Lab Department of Systems Design EngineeringUniversity of Waterloo200 University Ave WestWaterlooONN2L 3G1Canada

Photothermoelectric(PTE)detectors functioning on the infrared spectrum show much potential for use in many fields,such as energy harvesting,nondestructive monitoring,and imaging *** advances in low-dimensional and semiconductor materials research have facilitated new opportunities for PTE detectors to be applied in material and structural ***,these materials applied in PTE detectors face some challenges,such as unstable properties,high infrared reflection,and miniaturization ***,we report our fabrication of scalable bias-free PTE detectors based on Ti3C2 and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)composites and characterization of their composite morphology and broadband *** also discuss various PTE engineering strategies,including substrate choices,electrode types,deposition methods,and vacuum ***,we simulate metamaterials using different materials and hole sizes and fabricated a gold metamaterial with a bottom-up configuration by simultaneously combining MXene and polymer,which achieved an infrared photoresponse ***,we demonstrate a fingertip gesture response using the metamaterial-integrated PTE *** research proposes numerous implications of MXene and its related composites for wearable devices and Internet of Things(IoT)applications,such as the continuous biomedical tracking of human health conditions.

关键词： unstable composite sizes

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Reason for use: An opportunity to improve patient safety

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Studies in Health Technology and Informatics 2019年 257卷 47-52页

作者： Casares Li, Reicelis Hussein, Thana Bancsi, Ashley Grindrod, Kelly Burns, Catherine Advanced Interface Design Lab Systems Design Engineering EC4 University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. ONN2L 3G1 Canada School of Pharmacy University of Waterloo United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781614999508

The objective of this study is to understand how the reason for use (RFU) or the indication for medications are used, its effects on the decision-making process, the implications, and the willingness among prescribers, pharmacists, and patients to share RFU information. Methods, semi-structured interviews were conducted to retrieve the information needed from a total of 60 participants. Results, pharmacists, prescribers, and patients generally have positive opinions about including RFU information in their communications. Conclusion, there is a general agreement among participants that sharing RFU information will improve patient safety. © 2019 American Psychological Association Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Influencing social problems with interface design

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Ergonomics in design 2002年第4期10卷 12-16页

作者： Burns, Catherine M. Proulx, Pascale University of Waterloo Waterloo Ont. Canada Advanced Interface Design Lab Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. W. Waterloo Ont. N2L 3G1 Canada

Development of an ecological interface design (EID) for addressing social problem of gambling is presented. Although physiology of gambling addiction cannot be influenced by EID but it is a promising step in improving decision making processess of gamblers. Different project visualizations and evaluation of the design are also presented.

关键词： Ergonomics

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Autocalibration for Creating 2D/3D Displays on Complex Geometric Surfaces

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Information Display 2022年第6期38卷 31-37页

作者： Arnold, Katherine Fieguth, Paul Dennison, Andrew Vision and Image Processing Lab University of Waterloo Canada Systems Design Engineering Department University of Waterloo Canada Software Solutions Development Department Christie Digital Systems

Geometric calibration methods tend to rely on precalibrated cameras or real calibration targets. Here we explore the chal-lenge of achieving a sufficiently accurate projector system calibration for complex projection mapping tasks that can rely on neither precalibrated cameras nor calibration targets. Virtual scene models can take the place of a real calibration target for the purpose of providing scene information that is used to refine geometric estimates. Refinement of the display parameters aims to reduce the reprojection error, or the error between the theoretical coordinate (generated from the projection of the scene estimate coordinate by the estimated parameters) and the actual coordinate (obtained from pixel cor-respondences). For Christie installations, the final reprojection error of each pixel should be less than 1 pixel. Mystique was not always so capable. Christie’s research department, Christie labs, has a history of creating solutions for new projection concepts. Part of that strategy has been a long partnership with the university of waterloo, particularly the Vision and Image Processing (VIP) lab in systems design engineering. Graduate students study computer vision and machine learning—topics related to problems often at the heart of techniques—which can be used to bring new ideas, meth-ods, and solutions to Mystique and, by extension, to Christie’s customers. Years of investment in research and development, including partnership with the VIP lab and others, have enabled Mystique to handle challenges beyond any other projec-tor-alignment solution. ID. © 2022, John Wiley and Sons Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pixels

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