Work domain analysis is an approach that is moving from research to practical usage. Being highly analytical and time-intensive in its early stages, clients will search for early indications that the analysis is on tr...
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Work domain analysis is an approach that is moving from research to practical usage. Being highly analytical and time-intensive in its early stages, clients will search for early indications that the analysis is on track and relevant. This paper presents one approach for validating a work domain analysis by mapping the action patterns of operators against the work domain space developed by the analysis. This approach provides some validation the analysis, shows the use of the work domain over time in three dimensions, and provides a substantial link between the work analysis approach and traditional task-based approaches.
In this paper we present a new architecture for combining classifiers. This approach integrates learning into the voting scheme used to aggregate individual classifiers decisions. This overcomes the drawbacks of havin...
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Work domain analysis is an approach that is moving from research to practical usage. Being highly analytical and time-intensive in its early stages, clients will search for early indications that the analysis is on tr...
Work domain analysis is an approach that is moving from research to practical usage. Being highly analytical and time-intensive in its early stages, clients will search for early indications that the analysis is on track and relevant. This paper presents one approach for validating a work domain analysis by mapping the action patterns of operators against the work domain space developed by the analysis. This approach provides some validation the analysis, shows the use of the work domain over time in three dimensions, and provides a substantial link between the work analysis approach and traditional task-based approaches.
In this paper we present a comparison between different combining techniques in neural network ensembles. The main focus of this paper will be on a new architecture that can be used in combining neural network ensembl...
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In this paper we present a comparison between different combining techniques in neural network ensembles. The main focus of this paper will be on a new architecture that can be used in combining neural network ensembles. This architecture is based on training two neural networks to perform the aggregation. One network is trained to establish a confidence factor for each member of the ensemble for every training entry. The other network performs the aggregation of the ensemble to present the final decision. Both these networks evolve together during training. This approach is compared with standard fixed and trained combining schemes.
Computer networks are pervasive and critical to the operation of today's businesses. While most of us take computer networks for granted, network managers who must configure, operate, and fix faults in computer ne...
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Computer networks are pervasive and critical to the operation of today's businesses. While most of us take computer networks for granted, network managers who must configure, operate, and fix faults in computer networks face a daunting task that becomes more complex everyday. Ecological interfacedesign has been shown to be a promising approach for complex systems such as power plants or petrochemical systems. Computer networks are a very different work domain characterized by rapid technological change, extreme decentralization, and the existence of "soft" components. This paper presents the first work domain analysis of this new domain creating an abstraction hierarchy for general signal transfer systems and general computing networks. It shows how the abstraction hierarchy can be applied to this new domain and presents the initial work on an ecological interfacedesign for network management.
Computer networks are pervasive and critical to the operation of today's businesses. While most of us take computer networks for granted, network managers who must configure, operate, and fix faults in computer ne...
Computer networks are pervasive and critical to the operation of today's businesses. While most of us take computer networks for granted, network managers who must configure, operate, and fix faults in computer networks face a daunting task that becomes more complex everyday. Ecological interfacedesign has been shown to be a promising approach for complex systems such as power plants or petrochemical systems. Computer networks are a very different work domain characterized by rapid technological change, extreme decentralization, and the existence of “soft” components. This paper presents the first work domain analysis of this new domain creating an abstraction hierarchy for general signal transfer systems and general computing networks. It shows how the abstraction hierarchy can be applied to this new domain and presents the initial work on an ecological interfacedesign for network management.
The abstraction hierarchy (Rasmussen, 1985) is a modelling framework proposed for the design of displays to aid problem-solving. The model links information along two dimensions - means-end links of abstraction, and p...
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The abstraction hierarchy (Rasmussen, 1985) is a modelling framework proposed for the design of displays to aid problem-solving. The model links information along two dimensions - means-end links of abstraction, and part-whole links of decomposition. While these links connect the model, little research has directly explored the perceptual support of these links. Based on one abstraction hierarchy for a simulated power plant, we designed three graphical displays that provided differential perceptual support for means-end links. The displays provided space-time, only spatial, or only temporal integration of means-end links. Subjects performed a link-spanning information search task using one of the displays. Significant differences were found in search accuracy and in the types of errors that occurred when using the three displays. This research sheds light on the integration of means-end information in ecological displays and demonstrates a novel information search task for evaluating large ecological displays.
For businesses, virtual private networking has become a new method of building corporate communication networks. In addition to providing improved flexibility, security and global reach, virtual private networks (VPNs...
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For businesses, virtual private networking has become a new method of building corporate communication networks. In addition to providing improved flexibility, security and global reach, virtual private networks (VPNs) can offer substantial cost-savings by reducing the dependence on expensive, private leased-line networks and troublesome remote-access solutions. Unfortunately, the deployment and management of such systems may come at a high cost. Depending on the nature of the business relationship between the enterprise and the Internet Service Provider (ISP), the network manager may have to deal with the increasingly daunting task of configuring, operating, and fixing security leaks and other faults in the system as the communication needs of the organization expand and change. However, a new design technique known as ecological interfacedesign (EID) has been shown to be a promising approach for supporting operator tasks in complex work domains, such as nuclear power plants or petrochemical systems. A distinguishing feature of this approach is that display interfaces are designed by first conducting a work domain analysis (WDA), which focuses on identifying the important goals and environmental constraints that govern system behavior. By visually portraying the relationships between system goals, constraints, and the state of physical components in a structured manner, the problem-solving activities of operators can be effectively supported during abnormal or unanticipated situations. Due to the problem-solving nature of VPN management, interfaces for network management tools can be made more effective through the application of EID principles.
The abstraction hierarchy (Rasmussen, 1985) is a modelling framework proposed for the design of displays to aid problem-solving. The model links information along two dimensions — means-end links of abstraction, and ...
The abstraction hierarchy (Rasmussen, 1985) is a modelling framework proposed for the design of displays to aid problem-solving. The model links information along two dimensions — means-end links of abstraction, and part-whole links of decomposition. While these links connect the model, little research has directly explored the perceptual support of these links. Based on one abstraction hierarchy for a simulated power plant, we designed three graphical displays that provided differential perceptual support for means-end links. The displays provided space-time, only spatial, or only temporal integration of means-end links. Subjects performed a link-spanning information search task using one of the displays. Significant differences were found in search accuracy and in the types of errors that occurred when using the three displays. This research sheds light on the integration of means-end information in ecological displays and demonstrates a novel information search task for evaluating large ecological displays.
Accurate and automatic assessment of angiograms has been sought as a powerful diagnostic tool in medical analysis such as diabetic retinopathy. These retinal angiogram images are characterized by poor local contrast. ...
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Accurate and automatic assessment of angiograms has been sought as a powerful diagnostic tool in medical analysis such as diabetic retinopathy. These retinal angiogram images are characterized by poor local contrast. Applications of existing edge-detection algorithms yield unsatisfactory results this paper, a set of cascaded linear directional filters is used to better enhance edges. Results show improvement in visual quality of the images.
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