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Fabrication of porous Ga2O3/GaN heterojunction for ultraviolet photodetector application

Optics Express 2025年第9期33卷 18993-19003页

作者： Jia, Wei Ren, Henglei Li, Tianbao Zhai, Guangmei Dong, Pengqi Jia, Kaida Dong, Hailiang Xu, Bingshe Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi-zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan030000 China The Institute of Architectural Design and Research Taiyuan University of Technology Co. Ltd. Taiyuan030024 China

Ga2O3/GaN heterojunction has important applications in optoelectronic devices. Understanding optoelectronic performance and interface relationships of the heterojunction is the key to designing optimal devices. Herein, a porous Ga2O3/GaN heterojunction is systematically investigated. Porous GaN is initially fabricated via ultraviolet-assisted electrochemical etching and porous Ga2O3 is subsequently converted from porous GaN by thermal oxidation. Compared with planar Ga2O3/GaN heterojunction, porous Ga2O3/GaN heterojunction has higher crystal quality. Porous Ga2O3/GaN heterojunction exhibits a light/dark current ratio of 10520, a responsivity of 0.108 A/W, an external quantum efficiency of 52.9%, a detectivity of 1.36 × 1012 Jones, and the response time of 0.35 s/0.13 s under 254 nm UV irradiation (0.33 mw/cm2) at 0 V bias. Additionally, the operating mechanism of the device is further explored through energy band structure and carrier-transport process diagrams. This study provides valuable insights and paves the way for developing next-generation optoelectronic devices based on Ga2O3/GaN heterojunction. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Photodetectors

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Exploring Edge-Driven Collaborative Fine-Tuning Toward Customized AIGC Services

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IEEE Network 2025年第3期39卷 293-301页

作者： Zhang, Qinnan Zong, Tianqi Xiong, Zehui Sun, Pangbo Zhu, Jianming Qiu, Wangjie Zheng, Zhiming Poor, H. Vincent Beihang University Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100191 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Information Systems Technology and Design Tampines 487372 Singapore Qingcheng.AI Ltd. Beijing100084 China Central University of Finance and Economics School of Information Beijing100081 China Princeton University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PrincetonNJ08544 United States

With the popularization of artificial intelligence-generated content (AIGC), the explosion of end users is spurring an unprecedented diversity in preferences. To cope with this challenge, the AIGC paradigm is shifting from cloud-driven pre-trained large models to edge-driven personalized customization models. The former are large-scale models with more than 100 billion parameters trained based on massive data, while the latter introduce heterogeneous user preferences or professional knowledge to fine-tune the former. However, such fine-tuning incurs costly resource consumption and privacy disclosure. In this paper, we offer a holistic perspective on the AIGC fine-tuning framework spanning from end user to edge to cloud. Specifically, we first investigate how to deploy an edge-driven collaborative fine-tuning task through federated learning. Then, we discuss a verifiable model consensus protocol and fairness incentive design for edge servers to participate in a collaborative learning task. In addition, a case study focuses on the medical scenario, where we develop a practical X-ray diagnostic demo through collaborative fine-tuning of a multimodal pre-training model, and the diagnostic dialogue and performance results are compared. Finally, potential research directions are identified to advance the edge-driven customized AIGC services. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Phase change materials

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Programming anti-ribozymes to sense trigger RNAs for modulating gene expression in mammalian cells

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Synthetic and systems Biotechnology 2025年第3期10卷 827-834页

作者： Zhang, Wenhui Zhao, Shi Wang, Mengyuan Lou, Chunbo Xiang, Yanhui Wu, Qiong Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China State Key Laboratory of Green Biomanufacturing MOE Key Lab. Bioinformatics Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Synthetic RNA-based switches provide distinctive merits in modulating gene expression. Simple and flexible RNA-based switches are crucial for advancing the field of gene regulation, paving the way for innovative tools that can sense and manipulate cellular processes. In this research, we have developed programmable ribozymes that are capable of suppressing gene expression in response to specific, endogenously expressed trigger RNAs. We engineer ribozymes by introducing upstream antisense sequences (anti-ribozymes) to inhibit the self-cleaving activity of the hammerhead ribozyme and open the expression of the target gene. The trigger RNA is designed to recognize and bind to complementary sequences within the anti-ribozymes, thereby inhibiting their ability to direct protein synthesis. The anti-ribozyme performance is optimized by regulating the essential sequence modules that play a crucial role in determining the specificity and efficiency of the anti-ribozyme's interaction with its trigger RNA. By applying this switch mechanism to various ribozyme designs, we have shown that it is possible to achieve control over gene expression across a wide range of trigger RNAs. By exploiting these programmable anti-ribozymes, we aim to create a powerful tool for controlling gene expression in mammalian cells, which could have important implications for basic research, disease diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Anti-ribozyme Antisense RNA sequence Gene expression regulation Ribozyme RNA-based switch Trigger RNA sequence

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Hierarchy-Aware and Channel-Adaptive Semantic Communication for Bandwidth-Limited Data Fusion

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IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 2025年

作者： Guo, Lei Chen, Wei Sun, Yuxuan Ai, Bo Pappas, Nikolaos Quek, Tony Beijing Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation China Beijing Jiaotong University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing China Linköping University Department of Computer and Information Science Linköping Sweden Singapore University of Technology and Design Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore

Obtaining high-resolution hyperspectral images (HR-HSI) is costly and data-intensive, making it necessary to fuse low-resolution hyperspectral images (LR-HSI) with high-resolution RGB images (HR-RGB) for practical applications. However, traditional fusion techniques, which integrate detailed information into the reconstruction, significantly increase bandwidth consumption compared to directly transmitting raw data. To overcome these challenges, we propose a hierarchy-aware and channel-adaptive semantic communication approach for bandwidth-limited data fusion. A hierarchical correlation module is proposed to preserve both the overall structural information and the details of the image required for super-resolution. This module efficiently combines deep semantic and shallow features from LR-HSI and HR-RGB. To further reduce bandwidth usage while preserving reconstruction quality, a channel-adaptive attention mechanism based on Transformer is proposed to dynamically integrate and transmit the deep and shallow features, enabling efficient data transmission and high-quality HR-HSI reconstruction. Experimental results on the CAVE and Washington DC Mall datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms single-source transmission, achieving up to a 2 dB improvement in peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). Additionally, it reduces bandwidth consumption by two-thirds, confirming its effectiveness in bandwidth-constrained environments for HR-HSI reconstruction tasks. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Bandwidth

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Core-shell structured BN/SiO_(2)nanofiber membrane featuring with dual-effect thermal management and flame retardancy for extreme space thermal protection

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Science Bulletin 2025年第5期70卷 722-732页

作者： Duo Pan Ziyuan Han Junting Lei Yutao Niu Hu Liu Sunmi Shin Chuntai Liu Zhanhu Guo State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial EquipmentNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Advanced Materials DivisionSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE18STUK

With the rapid progress of aerospace frontier engineering,the extreme space thermal environment has brought severe challenges to astronauts’space suits,putting forward higher requirements for thermal protection *** this basis,a unique core-shell structured hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)/silicon dioxide(SiO_(2))nanofiber membrane(HS)was prepared using the coaxial electrospinning method,of which both the thermal insulation SiO_(2)nanofiber cortex and the passive radiation cooling(PRC)h-BN nanofiber core make it a promising dual-effect thermal management ***,when the amount of h-BN is 0.9 g,the resultant HS(HS0.9)exhibits astonishing low thermal conductivity of 0.026 W m−1 K−1 and high reflectivity and emissivity of exceeding 90%over an extremely wide *** expected dual-effect thermal management performance enables the HS to have an ideal cooling effect under both high sunlight intensity and strong light *** addition,HS also shows excellent flame retardant performance arising from the excellent high-temperature stability of h-BN and SiO_(2).What is more,the tensile strength of HS0.9 was also significantly increased from 0.42 to 7.2 MPa by encapsulating polyimide through vacuum ***,the research results of this work provide innovative highlights for high-temperature protection in daily life and even extreme space environments.

关键词： h-BN/SiO_(2)nanofiber membrane Core-shell structure Passive radiative cooling Thermal insulation Flame retardancy

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Hierarchy-Aware and Channel-Adaptive Semantic Communication for Bandwidth-Limited Data Fusion

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Guo, Lei Chen, Wei Sun, Yuxuan Ai, Bo Pappas, Nikolaos Quek, Tony State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation Beijing Jiaotong University China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Department of Computer and Information Science Linköping University Linköping Sweden Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore

关键词： Bandwidth

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Multi-frequency terahertz Smith–Purcell radiation via momentum-mismatch-driven quasi-bound states in the continuum

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Photonics Research 2025年第3期13卷 593-603页

作者： ZI-WEN ZHANG JUAN-FENG ZHU FENG-YUAN HAN XIAO LIN CHAO-HAI DU Center for Carbon-based Electronics School of ElectronicsPeking University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of ElectronicsPeking University Science Mathematicsand Technology (SMT)Singapore University of Technology and Design Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and InstrumentationZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterCollege of Information Science&Electronic EngineeringZhejiang University International Joint Innovation Center The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang University

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) have gained considerable attention for their ability to strengthen light–matter interactions,enabling applications in lasing,sensing,and *** properties also show great promise for intensifying free-electron ***,researchers realized momentum-mismatch-driven quasi-BICs in compound grating *** category of quasi-BICs exhibits high Q factors over a broad frequency *** this paper,we explore the possibility of achieving multi-frequency terahertz Smith–Purcell radiation empowered by momentum-mismatch-driven quasi-BICs in silicon compound grating *** leveraging the low-loss properties of silicon in the terahertz range,quasi-BICs are achieved through guided-mode resonance,delivering exceptionally high Q factors over a broad frequency *** broadband nature of these quasi-BICs enables efficient energy extraction from electron beams across varying voltages,while their multimode characteristics support simultaneous interactions with multiple modes,further boosting radiation *** findings demonstrate significant enhancement of free-electron radiation at multiple frequencies,addressing the limitations of narrowband methods and high-loss metallic *** integrating broadband performance with the advantages of low-loss dielectric platforms,this work advances the development of compact,tunable terahertz free-electron radiation sources and provides valuable insights into optimizing quasi-BIC systems for practical applications.

关键词： Light matter interactions Lithium niobate waveguides Nonlinear frequency conversion Q factor Quantum light sources Waveguide modes

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Lightweight Task-Oriented Semantic Communication Empowered by Large-Scale AI Models

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Liu, Chuanhong Guo, Caili Yang, Yang Chen, Mingzhe Quek, Tony Q. S. Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing100876 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing100876 China University of Miami Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Data Science and Computing Coral GablesFL United States Singapore University of Technology and Design Dept. of Information Systems Technology and Design 487372 Singapore

Recent studies have focused on leveraging large-scale artificial intelligence (LAI) models to improve semantic representation and compression capabilities. However, the substantial computational demands of LAI models pose significant challenges for real-time communication scenarios. To address this, this paper proposes utilizing knowledge distillation (KD) techniques to extract and condense knowledge from LAI models, effectively reducing model complexity and computation latency. Nevertheless, the inherent complexity of LAI models leads to prolonged inference times during distillation, while their lack of channel awareness compromises the distillation performance. These limitations make standard KD methods unsuitable for task-oriented semantic communication scenarios. To address these issues, we propose a fast distillation method featuring a pre-stored compression mechanism that eliminates the need for repetitive inference, significantly improving efficiency. Furthermore, a channel adaptive module is incorporated to dynamically adjust the transmitted semantic information based on varying channel conditions, enhancing communication reliability and adaptability. In addition, an information bottleneck-based loss function is derived to guide the fast distillation process. Simulation results verify that the proposed scheme outperform baselines in term of task accuracy, model size, computation latency, and training data requirements. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： NP-hard

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Fabrication of Porous N-Gan/Cuxzn1-Xs Heterojunctions for Ultraviolet Photodetector Application

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Jia, KaiDa Jia, Wei Lia, TianBao Zhai, GuangMei Ren, HengLei Dong, HaiLiang Dong, PengQi Xu, BingShe Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan030000 China Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science Shanxi University of Science and Technology Xi’an710021 China The Institute of Architectural Design and Research of Taiyuan University of Technology Co. Ltd Taiyuan030024 China

Porous n-GaN/CuxZn1-xS UV Photodetectors fabricated by a heterojunction between porous n-GaN and CuxZn1-xS films were prepared by thermal annealing and chemical bath deposition. By adjusting the ratio of Cu and Zn in the CuxZn1-xS films, with x defined as Cu (mol%)/(Cu+Zn) (mol%),distinct transparency, conductivity, and energy banding properties are achieved, which thereby significantly influences the optoelectronic performance of the UV PDs. The findings of the study demonstrated that the devices exhibit excellent rectification characteristics and repeatable photocurrent responses. When the value of x is 0.4, in particular, exhibits pronounced performances working under a ultraviolet light of 43.5 μW/cm2 at 0 V, including high on/off ratio (~5.27×104), remarkable responsivity (0. 574 A/W), ultrahigh specific detectivity (8.75×1014 Jones), high external quantum efficiency (195.02%) and fast response speed (0.09/36 ms). This study provides theoretical insights and experimental evidence to facilitate the development of next-generation optoelectronic devices utilizing CuxZn1-xS /GaN heterojunctions. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gallium nitride

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Family of Mutually Uncorrelated Codes for DNA Storage Address design

IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience

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IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Liu, Zhenlu Cao, Ben Shao, Qi Zheng, Yanfen Wang, Bin Zhou, Shihua Zheng, Pan Dalian University Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing Ministry of Education School of Software Engineering Dalian116622 China Dalian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian116024 China University of Canterbury Upper Riccarton Department of Accounting and Information Systems Christchurch8140 New Zealand

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has become an ideal medium for long-term storage and retrieval due to its extremely high storage density and long-term stability. But access efficiency is an existing bottleneck in DNA storage, especially the lack of high-quality random access address sequences. Therefore, in this paper, we report a series of approaches based on k-weakly mutually uncorrelated (k-WMU) codes to design the address sequence to improve the access efficiency of DNA storage. To address the problem of DNA sequences that are poorly scalable at the base level, we propose a 0-m-ruling coding scheme combined with k-WMU codes that can make address sequences avoid generating secondary structure with stem lengths ranging from 3 to 9. Based on the decoupled structure, We further extend the k-WMU codes with error correction function while satisfying combinatorial biological constraints. In order to investigate the performance of the designed address sequences for real-world applications, we perform simulation experiments based on thermodynamic properties and error correction capability as well as compared the minimum free energy (MFE), melting temperature (TM), and average decoding success rate (ADSR) with previous work. The results show that designed address sequences have a high MFE value and ADSR and a substantial reduction in TM-variance while satisfying the combinatorial biological constraints. As the quality of address sequences improves, this will help to achieve accurate random access as well as enhance the robustness of the DNA storage system. © 2002-2011 IEEE.

关键词： DNA sequences

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