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Phonon Transport through Point Contacts between Graphitic Nanomaterials

Physical Review Letters 2014年第20期112卷 205901-205901页

作者： Juekuan Yang Meng Shen Yang Yang William J. Evans Zhiyong Wei Weiyu Chen Alfred A. Zinn Yunfei Chen Ravi Prasher Terry T. Xu Pawel Keblinski Deyu Li School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments Southeast University Nanjing 210096 People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA Rensselaer Nanotechnology Center Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA Advanced Technology Center Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company Palo Alto California 94304 USA Sheetak Incorporated Austin Texas 78744 USA School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science The University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte North Carolina 28223 USA

Measurements of thermal transport through contacts between individual multiwall carbon nanotubes show that, contrary to common expectation, the normalized contact thermal conductance per unit area depends linearly on the tube diameter. The result is corroborated with and extended to multilayer graphene nanoribbons through molecular dynamics simulations. Semiquantitative analyses show that these intriguing observations are consistent with an explanation based on an unexpectedly large phonon mean free path in the c-axis direction of graphite, phonon reflection at free surfaces, and phonon focusing in highly anisotropic graphitic materials.

关键词： NANOSTRUCTURED materials HEAT transfer GRAPHENE FREE surfaces (Crystallography) MOLECULAR dynamics -- Simulation methods NANORIBBONS

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Revisiting hovering: Interaction guides for interactive surfaces 12

Revisiting hovering: Interaction guides for interactive surf...

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7th ACM International Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces, ITS 2012

作者： Cheung, Victor Heydekorn, Jens Scott, Stacey Dachselt, Raimund Collaborative Systems Laboratory Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada User Interface and Software Engineering Group Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Germany Interactive Media Lab. Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450312097

Current touch-based interactive surfaces rely heavily on a trial-and-error approach for guiding users through the interaction process. In contrast, the legacy WIMP (Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointer) paradigm employs various methods to provide user assistance. A commonly used strategy is the use of mouse hovering. This research explores how this strategy can be adapted and expanded to user interaction with interactive surfaces to provide user assistance as well as to help address common surface interaction issues, such as precisions. design dimensions and considerations are discussed, and potential hover interaction techniques are proposed. These techniques emphasize the use of animation to facilitate user engagement and improve the overall user experience. © 2012 Authors.

关键词： Animation

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Efficient particle image velocimetry data restoration via probabilistic principal component analysis 50

Efficient particle image velocimetry data restoration via pr...

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50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition

作者： Lee, Kyunghoon Mavrisy, Dimitri N. Singapore-MIT International Design Centre Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore 138682 Singapore Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0150 United States Advanced Aerospace Systems Analysis Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory Daniel Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering United States

ISBN: (数字)9781600869365

In experimental ow analyses using particle image velocimetry (PIV), spurious PIV measurements can be rectified with gappy proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), which utilizes a least-squares approximation with a POD basis. As an alternative to gappy POD, this paper proposes to exploit an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for principal component analysis (PCA), termed as EM-PCA, which capitalizes on a Gaussian probabil-ity model for missing data estimation. To demonstrate the accuracy and eficiency of the EM-PCA in contrast to those of gappy POD, this research examines the two reconstruc-tion methods with a PIV data set obtained from acoustically-excited, bluff-body jet ow experiments. Overall, the EM-PCA is found to repair PIV data comparably accurate yet computationally eficient to gappy POD for PIV data restoration. Copyright © 2012 by Kyunghoon Lee and Dimitri N. Mavris.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Illumination correction in dermatological photographs using multi-stage illumination modeling for skin lesion analysis

Illumination correction in dermatological photographs using ...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Jeffrey Glaister Alexander Wong David A. Clausi Vision and Image Processing Laboratory with the Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo ONT Canada

A novel algorithm for correcting illumination variation in dermatological photographs via a multi-stage modeling of the underlying illumination is proposed for the purpose of skin lesion analysis. First, an initial illumination estimate is obtained via a non-parametric modeling strategy based on Monte Carlo sampling. Next, a subset of pixels from the non-parametric estimate is used to determine a parametric estimate of the illumination based on a quadratic surface model. Using the parametric illumination estimate, the reflectance map is obtained and used to correct the photograph. The photographs corrected using the proposed algorithm are compared to uncorrected photographs and to a state-of-the-art correction algorithm. Qualitatively, a visual comparison is performed, while quantitatively, the coefficient of variation of skin pixel intensities is calculated and the precision-recall curve for segmentation of skin lesions is graphed. Results show that the proposed algorithm has a lower coefficient of variation and an improved precision-recall curve.

关键词： Lighting Skin Lesions Algorithm design and analysis Monte Carlo methods Malignant tumors Image segmentation

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Tracking control of an electrostatic torsional micromirror beyond the pull-in limit with enhanced performance

Tracking control of an electrostatic torsional micromirror b...

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International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)

作者： Weijie Sun John T. W. Yeow Zhendong Sun College of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Advanced Micro/Nano Devices Laboratory Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada

In this paper, we will study the output-error-constrained tracking control problem of an electrostatic torsional micromirror beyond the pull-in limit. We will first show that this problem can be formulated as a robust output regulation problem and it further boils down to a robust regulation problem with output-constrained by adaptive internal model design, the solution of which would in turn lead to the solution of the original problem. Then we design a regulation controller for such a regulation problem by using the barrier Lyapunov function technique. Our adaptive control law ensures the electrostatic torsional micromirror with a enhanced tracking performance in the sense that the moveable micromirror can achieve the sinusoidal wave scanning of any frequency up to a full gap operation without contacts of the fixed bottom electrode, and furthermore, the estimated sinusoidal wave frequency converges to its real value.

关键词： Micromirrors Electrostatics Robustness Lyapunov methods Electrodes Frequency control Frequency estimation

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Multi-Scale Saliency-Guided Compressive Sensing Approach to Efficient Robotic Laser Range Measurements

Multi-Scale Saliency-Guided Compressive Sensing Approach to ...

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Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision, CRV

作者： Shimon Schwartz Alexander Wong David A. Clausi Department of Systems Design Engineering Vision and Image Processing Laboratory research group University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada

Improving laser range data acquisition speed is important for many robotic applications such as mapping and localization. One approach to reducing acquisition time is to acquire laser range data through a dynamically small subset of measurement locations. The reconstruction can then be performed based on the concept of compressed sensing (CS), where a sparse signal representation allows for signal reconstruction at sub-Nyquist measurements. Motivated by this, a novel multi-scale saliency-guided CS-based algorithm is proposed for an efficient robotic laser range data acquisition for robotic vision. The proposed system samples the objects of interest through an optimized probability density function derived based on multi-scale saliency rather than the uniform random distribution used in traditional CS systems. Experimental results with laser range data from indoor and outdoor environments show that the proposed approach requires less than half the samples needed by existing CS-based approaches while maintaining the same reconstruction performance. In addition, the proposed method offers significant improvement in reconstruction SNR compared to current CS-based approaches.

关键词： Measurement by laser beam Image reconstruction Image coding Robot sensing systems Noise measurement Signal to noise ratio

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Expression of oxidation ability for metallurgical slags based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory

Beijing Keji Daxue Xuebao/Journal of University of Science a...

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Beijing Keji Daxue Xuebao/Journal of university of Science and Technology Beijing 2013年第12期35卷 1569-1579页

作者： Li, Peng-Cheng Li, Jin-Yan Zhang, Meng Zhang, Jian-Liang Zhang, Jian Yang, Xue-Min State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Beijing Metallurgical Equipment Research and Design Institute Company Limited China Metallurgical Group Corporation Beijing 100029 China

The defined oxidation ability of metallurgical slag based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory (IMCT), i.e., the comprehensive mass action concentration of iron oxides NFetO, was verified by comparing the calculated NFetO and the reported activity of iron oxides aFetO in selected 14 slag systems. To calculate NFetO in the selected slag systems, a thermodynamic model for calculating the mass action concentrations of structural units in CaO-SiO2-MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-MnO- Al2O3-P2O5 type slag systems, i.e., the IMCT-Nt thermodynamic model was developed. NFetO in the other 13 slag systems can be obtained by simplifing this IMCT-Nt. It is shown that the defined comprehensive mass action concentration of iron oxides NFetO is more accurate than the measured activity of iron oxides aFetO in characterizing the oxidation ability of the selected FetO-containing slag systems.

关键词： Manganese oxide

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Notional all-electric ship systems integration thermal simulation and visualization

Notional all-electric ship systems integration thermal simul...

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作者： Vargas, J.V.C. Souza, J.A. Hovsapian, R. Ordonez, J.C. Chiocchio, T. Chalfant, J. Chryssostomidis, C. Dilay, E. Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Advanced Power Systems Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32310 United States MIT Sea Grant Design Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States

This work presents a simplified mathematical model for fast visualization and thermal simulation of complex and integrated energy systems that is capable of providing quick responses during system design. The tool allows for the determination of the resulting whole system temperature and relative humidity distribution. For that, the simplified physical model combines principles of classical thermodynamics and heat transfer, resulting in a system of three-dimensional (3D) differential equations that are discretized in space using a 3D cell-centered finite volume scheme. As an example of a complex and integrated system analysis, 3D simulations are performed in order to determine the temperature and relative humidity distributions inside an all-electric ship for a baseline medium voltage direct current power system architecture, under different operating conditions. A relatively coarse mesh was used (9410 volume elements) to obtain converged results for a large computational domain (185m×24m×34m) containing diverse equipment. The largest computational time required for obtaining results was 560 s, that is, less than 10 min. Therefore, after experimental validation for a particular system, it is reasonable to state that the model could be used as an efficient tool for complex and integrated systems thermal design, control and optimization. © 2012 The Society for Modeling and Simulation International.

关键词： Temperature

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Interactive surface technology for a mobile command centre

Interactive surface technology for a mobile command centre

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作者： Cheung, Victor Cheaib, Nader Scott, Stacey D. Collaborative Systems Laboratory Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450302289

In this paper, Contextual Inquiry is used to analyze the work inside a mobile command centre of a volunteer group, which provides specialized services and equipment to support events ranging from community-sponsored events to emergency incidents. The suitability and feasibility of utilizing interactive surface technology to support collaboration and coordination, using the mobile command centre as a hub for multiple agencies, are examined. Findings and lessons learned from this work can also inform the design of such technology for more general event organization and emergency response settings.

关键词： Emergency services

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A machine-machine collaboration formalism based on web services for groupware tailorability

A machine-machine collaboration formalism based on web servi...

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International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in design

作者： Cheaib, Nader Otmane, Samir Mallem, Malik Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada IBISC Laboratory University of Evry France

ISBN: (纸本)9781457703874

In this paper, we propose a machine-machine collaboration formalism to support groupware tailorability. Our work is based on the 3C functional model by Ellis that decomposes collaboration between users into communication, coordination and cooperation phases. Through our research, we realized that Web services are powerful distributed components offering the desired tools in order to adapt a groupware system to the real needs of users. Therefore, we use this technology to define a collaboration protocol between machines over the network for implementing tailorability in CSCW systems. A groupware architecture is presented based on the proposed formalism. We argue that a protocol between machines over the internet should be defined in order to exchange common services in real time collaboration. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Groupware

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