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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks

作者： Ventresca, M. Tizhoosh, H. R. Systems Design Engineering Department Laboratory and Opposition-Based Learning Groups University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781424435494

Large scale neural networks have many hundreds or thousands of parameters (weights and biases) to learn, and as a result tend to have very long training times. Small scale networks can be trained quickly by using second-order information, but these fail for large architectures due to high computational cost. Other approaches employ local search strategies, which also add to the computational cost. In this paper we present a simple method, based on opposite transfer functions which greatly improve the convergence rate and accuracy of gradient-based learning algorithms. We use two variants of the backpropagation algorithm and common benchmark data to highlight the improvements. We find statistically significant improvements in both converegence speed and accuracy.

关键词： Large scale networks gradient-based learning opposition-based computing opposite transfer functions back-propgation

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Video Pause Detection Using Wavelets

Video Pause Detection Using Wavelets

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Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision, CRV

作者： Shiva Zaboli David A. Clausi Vision and Image Processing (VIP) Laboratory Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada

As the volume of digital video captured and stored continues to increase, research efforts have focused on content management systems for video indexing and retrieval applications. A first step in generic video processing is shot boundary detection. This paper addresses a novel algorithm for abrupt shot (cut/pause) detection-especially on frames with similar statistics-based on the wavelet transform and content entropy. The algorithm has been successfully tested on some video categories including sport and live videos. Its quantitative performance has been compared to other known methods including pixel, histogram, frequency domain and statistics difference. In each test, the proposed wavelet method outperforms the others.

关键词： Gunshot detection systems Testing Content management Indexing Content based retrieval Wavelet transforms Entropy Histograms Frequency domain analysis Statistics

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Towards a Robust Spatio-Temporal Interest Point Detection for Human Action Recognition

Towards a Robust Spatio-Temporal Interest Point Detection fo...

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Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision, CRV

作者： Hossein Shabani David A. Clausi John S. Zelek Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada

Spatio-temporal salient features are widely being used for compact representation of objects and motions in video, especially for event and action recognition. The existing feature extraction methods have two main problems: First, they work in batch mode and mostly use Gaussian (linear) scale-space filtering for multi-scale feature extraction. This linear filtering causes the blurring of the edges and salient motions which should be preserved for robust feature extraction. Second, the environmental motion and ego disturbances (e.g., camera shake) are not usually differentiated. These problems result in the detection of false features no matter which saliency criteria is used. To address these problems, we developed a non-linear (scale-space) filtering approach which prevents both spatial and temporal dislocations. This model can provide a non-linear counterpart of the Laplacian of Gaussian to form the conceptual structure maps from which multi-scale spatio-temporal salient features are extracted. Preliminary evaluation shows promising result with false detection being removed.

关键词： Robustness Humans Filtering Feature extraction Nonlinear filters Computer vision Cameras Image recognition Laplace equations Spatiotemporal phenomena

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Quasi-global oppositional fuzzy thresholding

Quasi-global oppositional fuzzy thresholding

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IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy systems (FUZZ-IEEE)

作者： Hamid R. Tizhoosh Farhang Sahba Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada University of Toronto Toronto ONT Canada

Opposition-based computing is the paradigm for incorporating entities along with their opposites within the search, optimization and learning mechanisms. In this work, we introduce the notion of "opposite fuzzy sets" in order to use the entropy difference between a fuzzy set and its opposite to carry out object discrimination in digital images. A quasi-global scheme is used to execute the calculations, which can be employed by any other existing thresholding technique. Results for prostate ultrasound images have been provided to verify the performance whereas expert's markings have been used as gold standard.

关键词： Fuzzy sets Image segmentation Fuzzy systems Machine intelligence Ultrasonic imaging Neural networks Pattern analysis Laboratories System analysis and design design engineering

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Improving gradient-based learning algorithms for large scale feedforward networks

Improving gradient-based learning algorithms for large scale...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： M. Ventresca H. R. Tizhoosh Faculty member of the Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence laboratory and Opposition-Based Learning Groups in the Systems Design Engineering Department University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada

关键词： Large-scale systems Transfer functions Neural networks Feedforward neural networks Computer architecture Computational efficiency Convergence Backpropagation algorithms Computer networks design engineering

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Effects of cue saliency in an assisted target detection system for search and rescue

Effects of cue saliency in an assisted target detection syst...

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IEEE Toronto International Conference on Science and Technology for Humanity (TIC-STH)

作者： Wayne Giang Jocelyn Keillor Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada Institute of Aerospace Research Flight Research Laboratory National Research Council Canada Ottawa ONT Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781424438778

Assisted target detection (ATD) systems are designed to support operators in complex visual search tasks by determining areas within the visual scene that have a higher probability of containing a target. These locations must somehow be conveyed to the operators via a human-machine interface, and little work has been done on the design of the cues themselves. The type of visual cue may affect search performance and visual scan paths, and if operators find that an ATD system disrupts their performance of the task they will not use the system. In order to investigate the effects of cue saliency on operator performance, a circular translucent cue with two levels of brightness was tested in a simulated search and rescue task. Despite the use of cues that had a relatively low reliability, both types of cues resulted in improved detection performance. There was an effect of cue brightness such that brighter cues were most advantageous when there were fewer cues in the scene. Varying characteristics of the visual cues were observed to have an impact on how the operator scans the scene.

关键词： Object detection Brightness Layout Humans Aircraft Surveillance Sensor systems Infrared sensors Radiology design engineering

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design optimization of a truss-braced wing aircraft

Design optimization of a truss-braced wing aircraft

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作者： Gur, Ohad Bhatia, Manav Schetz, Joseph A. Mason, William H. Kapania, Rakesh K. Mavris, Dimitri N. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061-0203 United States Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0150 United States Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Department United States Advanced Aerospace Systems Analysis United States Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory Daniel Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781563479809

This paper focuses on establishing the potential benefits of a truss-braced wing aircraft configuration as compared to the current generation cantilever wing aircraft, as well as a strut-braced wing. Multidisciplinary design Optimization is used to design aircraft with three different wing configurations with increasing complexity of structural topology: cantilever, 1-member truss (strut) and 3-member truss. Three different objective functions are studied: minimum takeoff gross weight, minimum fuel consumption and emissions, and maximum lift to drag ratio. The results show the significant advantage of strut and simple truss configurations over the conventional cantilever configuration. They also indicate that a truss-braced wing has a greater potential for improved aerodynamic performance than has been reported for other innovative aircraft configurations. In addition, the comparison between the various design objective functions shed light on their effect on the resulting configurations. Some initial aeroelastic analyses are then presented and discussed. Further studies will consider the inclusion of more complex truss topologies and other innovative technologies which are judged to be synergistic with truss-braced wing configurations. Copyright © 2009 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trusses

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Next generation more-electric aircraft: a potential application for hts superconductors

Next generation more-electric aircraft: a potential applicat...

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作者： Luongo, Cesar A. Masson, Philippe J. Nam, Taewoo Mavris, Dimitri Kim, Hyun D. Brown, Gerald V. Waters, Mark Hall, David Department of Mechanical Engineering Florida AandM-Florida State University College of Engineering Tallahassee FL United States ITER IO France Center for Advanced Power Systems Tallahassee FL United States Advanced Magnet Lab. Palm Bay FL United States Department of Aeronautical Engineering Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States NASA Glenn Research Center Cleveland OH United States DHC Engineering San Luis Obispo CA United States

Sustainability in the aviation industry calls for aircraft that are significantly quieter and more fuel efficient than today's fleet. Achieving this will require revolutionary new concepts, in particular, electric propulsion. Superconducting machines offer the only viable path to achieve the power densities needed in airborne applications. This paper outlines the main issues involved in using superconductors for aeropropulsion. We review our investigation of the feasibility of superconducting electric propulsion, which integrate for the first time, the multiple disciplines and areas of expertise needed to design electric aircraft. It is shown that superconductivity is clearly the enabling technology for the more efficient turbo-electric aircraft of the future.© 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Electric propulsion

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Superconducting ducted fan design for reduced emissions aeropropulsion

Superconducting ducted fan design for reduced emissions aero...

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作者： Masson, Philippe J. Nam, Taewoo Choi, Taeyun P. Tixador, Pascal Waters, Mark Hall, David Luongo, Cesar A. Mavris, Dimitri N. Advanced Magnet Lab. Palm Bay FL United States Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Institut National Polytechnique Grenoble France California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA United States DHC Engineering Morro Bay CA United States FAMU-FSU College of Engineering Tallahassee FL 32310 United States

This article introduces a new conceptual design tool for an environmentally sustainable method of aeropropulsion: a ducted fan system driven by a fully superconducting electrical machine. Such a system could help mitigate aviation's contribution to global climate change by enabling the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft. An electro-thermal motor sizing model was coupled with cycle analysis and weight estimation routines to create an automated environment for rapid design trade studies. The resulting parametric cycle analysis and sizing outcomes revealed the system's operational boundaries for a given aspiration space. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Conceptual design

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Preface of the 2010 IAENG International Conference on Electrical engineering special session: design, analysis and tools for integrated circuits and systems

Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineer...

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Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists 2010, IMECS 2010 2010年 1333-1335页

作者： Man, Ka Lok Mercaldi, Michele Hahanov, Vladimir Prinetto, Paolo Poncino, Massimo MacIi, Alberto Choi, Joongho Li, Wei Schellekens, Michel Popovici, Emanuel Seon, Jong-Kug Rossi, Umberto Fummi, Franco Pravadelli, Graziano Lam, Yui Fai PavLov, Vladimir Patel, Ajay Huang, Jinfeng Vallee, Thierry Boubekeur, Menouer Sokolova, Ana Almerares, Sergio Donno, Monica Cho, Jun-Dong Zahirul Alam, A.H.M. Provan, Gregory Velev, Miroslav N. Uddin, M. Nasir Botchkarev, Alexei Bosnacki, Dragan Hickey, Dave O'Keeffe, Maria Krilavičius, Tomas Pastrnak, Milan Herbert, John Lu, Zhe-Ming Pan, Jeng-Shyang Chang, Chin-Chen Horng, Mong-Fong Chen, Liang Lim, Chee-Peng Tao, Ngo Quoc Deb, Suash Merniz, Salah Valero, Oscar Yi, Yang Woods, Damien Vedrine, Franck Monsuez, Bruno Yen, Kang Matsuura, Takenobu Edwards, R. Timothy Tveretina, Olga Fino, Maria Helena O'Riordan, Adrian Patrick Labiak, Grzegorz Gaur, M.S. Chang, Jian Chung, Yeh-Ching Derezinska, Anna Cho, Kyoung-Rok Zhang, Yong Liutkevičius, R. Zeng, Yuanyuan Vasudevan, D.P. Bukowiec, Arkadiusz Kitsos, Paris Goudarzi, Maziar Dong, Jin Song Bhalla, Ateet Al-Khalili, Dhamin Navabi, Zainalabedin Zinchenko, Lyudmila Anjum, Muhammad Almas Narasimha, Deepak Laxmi Hughes, Danny Tadjouddine, Emmanuel M. Wang, Jun Kumar, A.P. Sathish Jaisankar, N. Mansoor, Atif Hollands, Steven Mohammadi, Siamak Klein, Felipe Westermann, Peter English, Tom Planas, Miquel Moreto Chung, Chelho Chakrabarti, Amlan Lei, Chi-Un Bamakhrama, Mohamed Naik, B. Rajendra Harte, Sean Yin, Alexander Giancardi, Luigi El-Din Mady, Alie Joseph, Arun Khandekar, Prasad D. Pandey, Hari Mohan Bharti, Vishal O'Mullane, Monica Chen, Chen Xi'an Jiaotong University China Liverpool University United Kingdom Kharkov National University of Radio Electronics Ukraine Politecnico di Torino Italy University of Seoul Korea Republic of Fudan University China Tyndall University College Cork Ireland System LSI Lab. LS Industrial Systems R and D Center Korea Republic of STMicroelectronics Italy University of Verona Italy Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong International Software and Productivity Engineering Institute United States Intelligent Support Ltd. United Kingdom Philips and LiteOn Digital Solutions Netherlands Netherlands Georgia Southern University Statesboro GA United States University of Salzburg Austria Sung Kyun Kwan University Korea Republic of International Islamic University Malaysia Malaysia Aries Design Automation United States Lakehead University Canada IEEE Canada Board of Directors Canada Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands Vytautas Magnus University Lithuania Siemens IT Solutions and Services Slovakia Sun Yat-Sen University China National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences Taiwan Feng Chia University Taiwan Shu-Te University Taiwan University of Northern British Columbia Canada University of South Australia Australia Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology Viet Nam C. V. Raman College of Engineering India Mentouri University Constantine Algeria University of Balearic Islands Spain University of Seville Spain CEA France ENSTA France Florida International University United States Tokai University Japan MultiGiG Inc. United States Karlsruhe University Germany Universidade Nova de Lisboa Portugal University of Zielona Gora Poland Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur India Texas Instruments Inc. United States National Tsing-Hua University Taiwan Warsaw University of Technology Poland Chungbuk National University Korea Republic of Shenzhen University China Vytautas Magnus University Kaunas Lithuania Hellenic Open Univ

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