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2nd International Conference on advanced Materials and Information Technology Processing(AMITP 2012)

作者： Kaijin Huang Houguang Liu Fangli Yuan Changsheng Xie State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance China Three Gorges University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Science State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnic University

BiOCl/BiOI nanocomposites were synthesized using a thermal impregnation method for the first time. The intense visible-light absorption and large specific surface area gave 4wt.% BiOCl/BiOI nanocomposites the best visible-light photocatalytic properties among all the catalysts for the photodegradation of methyl orange,about 78% after 2 h. But decreased activities were obtained with the increase of Bi OCl content in the nanocomposites. Considering the light absorption,specific surface area and the quantum efficiency, the high recombination of the photoinduced electron-hole pairs of the catalysts that lowed the quantum efficiency was believed to be the critical factor for their decreased photocatalytic activities.

关键词： Thermal impregnation BiOCl/BiOI Nanocomposites Visible-light Photocatalyst

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Grain Boundary Microstructure Dependent–Intergranular Fracture in Polycrystalline Molybdenum

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期586卷 237-242页

作者： Sadahiro Tsurekawa Tadao Watanabe Laboratory of Materials Design and Interface Engineering Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan

The intergranular brittleness in polycrystalline materials is a source of serious problem in material processing and practical applications. To obtain a fundamental knowledge of improvement in the brittleness, we have examined the relationship between fracture behaviour and grain boundary (GB) microstructures in polycrystalline molybdenum. Quantitative analyses of GB microstructures were performed by orientation microscopy (OIM), and followed by 4-points bending tests at 77K. Thereafter, crack propagation was analyzed in connection with GB microstructures. We found the fracture stress depends on the grain size in similar manner to the Hall-Petch relation. In addition, the Hall-Petch relation also depends on the grain boundary character distribution (GBCD). The fracture stress increases with increasing the frequency of low Σ GBs at constant grain size. Conversely, random GBs seem to act as weak intrinsic defects and the interconnection among them may give rise to premature failure. Therefore, the connectivity of random GBs probably becomes important as well as the GBCD to suppress the intergranular fracture.

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Multi-objective Optimization Conceptual design of Product Structure Based on Variable Length Gene Expression

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical engineering 2011年第1期24卷 42-49页

作者： WEI Xiaopeng ZHAO Tingting JU Zhenhe ZHANG Shi LI Xiaoxiao School of Management Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing of Ministry of Education Dalian University Dalian 116622 China New Energy Center Shenyang Institute of Engineering Shenyang 110136 China Liaoning Solar Energy R＆D Co. Ltd. Shenyang 110136 China Institute of Systems Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China

It is a complicated problem for the bottom-to-top adaptive conceptual design of complicated products between structure and function. Reliable theories demand to be found in order to determine whether the structure accords with the requirement of design. For the requirement generally is dynamic variety as time passes, new requirements will come, and some initial requirements can no longer be used. The number of product requirements, the gene length expressing requirements, the structure of the product, and the correlation matrix are varied with individuation of customer requirements of the product. By researching on the calculation mechanisms of dynamic variety, the approaches of gene expression and variable length gene expression are proposed. According to the diversity of structure selection in conceptual design and mutual relations between structure and function as well as structure and structure, the correlation matrixes between structure and function as well as structure and structure are defined. By the approach of making the sum of the elements of correlation matrix maximum, the mathematical models of multi-object optimization for structure design are provided based on variable requirements. An improved genetic algorithm called segment genetic algorithm is proposed based on optimization preservation simple genetic algorithm. The models of multi-object optimization are calculated by the segment genetic algorithm and hybrid genetic algorithm. An example for the conceptual design of a washing machine is given to show that the proposed method is able to realize the optimization structure design fitting for variable requirements. In addition, the proposed approach can provide good Pareto optimization solutions, and the individuation customer requirements for structures of products are able to be resolved effectively.

关键词： gene expression multi-object optimization conceptual design genetic algorithm

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Modeling and testing of low-speed electric vehicle

Modeling and testing of low-speed electric vehicle

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2011 International Conference on Electric Information and Control engineering, ICEICE 2011

作者： Ding, Zhoubo He, Liping Dong, Zuoming State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan University Changsha China Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute for Integrated Energy Systems University of Victoria VIC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781424480395

Although electric vehicles and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles have been studied mainly with the aim of increasing fuel economy and decreasing heavy pollution of internal combustion engine powered vehicles, little has been done in order to improve fuel economy, emission and performance simultaneously. So far inherent limitations of electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles, including limited accelerating competence, inferior climbing ability and inadequate driving range, must be improved so that they will be widely accepted by the consumer market. This paper aim to model and test a low-speed electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle using a customized dynamometer. An electric scooter and a fuel cell electric scooter as operate equipment validate the new computer model of electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicle. The study will be used to improve electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle performance. The new models will be used to design optimization for the low-speed electric vehicle. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Dynamometers

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Autocalibration: Finding Infinity in a Projective Reconstruction

Autocalibration: Finding Infinity in a Projective Reconstruc...

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Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision, CRV

作者： Neil Cavan Paul Fieguth David A. Clausi Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada

In order to extract accurate 3D models from uncalibrated image data it is necessary to upgrade the generated projective reconstructions to a metric space, a process known as auto calibration. The key challenge associated with auto calibration is the nonlinear optimization of a cost function based on extracting camera intrinsics from a potential upgrading transform, and evaluating fitness with respect to prior knowledge of physical cameras. The nonlinearity of the problem leads, in general, to poor convergence and a failure of the calibration process. This paper presents a novel auto calibration pipeline that seeks to develop a more robust approach to the nonlinear optimization. After testing a variety of methods, none of which yielded satisfactory solutions, we have developed a strategy combining the best aspects of two methods representing the current state of the art. The former method preconditions the projective space by ensuring it is quasi-affine with respect to camera centers, allowing a naive initialization in the new space, and uses a fitness measure resistant to focal length collapse. The latter method initializes using the best results of an exhaustive search over reasonable values of focal length. Our novel approach, presented here, uses the exhaustive search initialization of the latter combined with the improved fitness measure of the former, producing results that outperform both of its predecessors.

关键词： Cameras Image reconstruction Measurement Cost function Dinosaurs Three dimensional displays

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Impact of Grain Boundary Character on Electrical Property in Polycrystalline Silicon

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期586卷 163-168页

作者： Shu Hamada Koichi Kawahara Sadahiro Tsurekawa Tadao Watanabe Takashi Sekiguchi Laboratory of Materials Design and Interface Engineering Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan

Grain boundaries in polycrystalline silicon are most likely to generate localized states in band gap. The localized states play a dominant role in determining the performance of solar cells by acting as traps or recombination center of carriers. In the present investigation, the scanning electron microscope - electron channeling pattern(SEM/ECP) method and SEM - electron back scattered diffraction pattern(SEM/EBSD) technique were applied to characterize the grain boundaries in p-type polycrystalline silicon with 99.999%(5N) in purity. Thereafter, temperature dependence of electrical activity of individual grain boundaries was measured by an electron beam induced current(EBIC) technique. It has been found that temperature dependence of EBIC contrast at grain boundaries can change, depending on the misorientation angle the orientation of the boundary plane. The results can be explained by the difference in the position of the localized state within the band gap on the basis of the Shockley-Read-Hall statistics. The {111} Σ3 symmetrical tilt boundary has shallow states, while high Σ boundaries have deep states. Low angle boundaries reveal high electrical activities. The EBIC contrast at low angle boundaries was found to increase with increasing misorientation angle up to 2° followed by an almost constant value. High electrical activity at low angle boundaries is probably attributed to a stress field of primary dislocations forming low angle boundaries.

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ESRDC ship notional baseline Medium Voltage Direct Current (MVDC) architecture thermal simulation and visualization

ESRDC ship notional baseline Medium Voltage Direct Current (...

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4th Grand Challenges in Modeling and Simulation Conference, GCMS 2011

作者： Vargas, J.V.C. Souza, J.A. Hovsapian, R. Ordonez, J.C. Chiocchio, T. Chalfant, J. Chryssostomidis, C. Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Advanced Power Systems Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32310 United States MIT Sea Grant Design Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781617829512

This work presents a fast visualization and thermal simulation tool developed as part of the Electric Ship Research and Development Consortium (ESRDC) funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) that is capable of providing quick responses during early stages of ship design. The tool allows for the visualization of thermal and electrical loads, and equipment locations and other variables of interest in the all-electric ship, proceeding to the computation of the resulting whole ship temperature and relative humidity distribution. For that, a previously developed simplified physical model [1-3] - which combines principles of classical thermodynamics and heat transfer, resulting in a system of three-dimensional differential equations which are discretized in space using a three-dimensional cell centered finite volume scheme - is enhanced to include fresh and sea water cooled systems throughout the ship. Therefore, the combination of the proposed simplified physical model with the adopted finite volume scheme for the numerical discretization of the differential equations is called a volume element model (VEM). A 3D simulation is performed in order to determine the temperature distribution inside the ship for the baseline Medium Voltage Direct Current (MVDC) architecture, and representative operating conditions are analyzed. VisIt visualization tool [4] is used to plot the results.

关键词： Differential equations

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A machine-machine collaboration formalism based on web services for groupware tailorability

A machine-machine collaboration formalism based on web servi...

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International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in design

作者： Nader Cheaib Samir Otmane Malik Mallem Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo ONT Canada IBISC Laboratory University of Evry Val d''Essonne (UEVE) France

In this paper, we propose a machine-machine collaboration formalism to support groupware tailorability. Our work is based on the 3C functional model by Ellis that decomposes collaboration between users into communication, coordination and cooperation phases. Through our research, we realized that Web services are powerful distributed components offering the desired tools in order to adapt a groupware system to the real needs of users. Therefore, we use this technology to define a collaboration protocol between machines over the network for implementing tailorability in CSCW systems. A groupware architecture is presented based on the proposed formalism. We argue that a protocol between machines over the internet should be defined in order to exchange common services in real time collaboration.

关键词： Collaborative software Collaborative work Simple object access protocol Quality of service Computer architecture

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PERSPECTIVES IN MECHANICS OF HETEROGENEOUS SOLIDS

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2011年第1期24卷 1-26页

作者： C.Q. Chen J.Z. Cui H.L. Duan X.Q. Feng L.H. He G.K. Hu M.J. Huang Y.Z. Huo B.H. Ji B. Liu X.H. Peng H.J. Shi Q.P. Sun J.X. Wang Y.S. Wang H.P. Zhao Y.P. Zhao Q.S. Zheng W.N. Zou Department of Engineering Mechanics AML Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System and Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Institute for Advanced Study Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 China Depariment of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences Fudan University 220 Handa Road Shanghai 200433 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong KongChina Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China Institute of Engineering Mechanics Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

The Micro- and Nano-mechanics Working Group of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics organized a forum to discuss the perspectives, trends, and directions in mechanics of heterogeneous materials in January 2010. The international journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is de- voted to all fields of solid mechanics and relevant disciplines in science, technology, and engineering, with a balanced coverage on analytical, experimental, numerical and applied investigations. On the occasion of the 30TM anniversary of Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, its editor-in-chief, Professor Q.S. Zheng invited some of the forum participants to review the state-of-the-art of mechanics of heterogeneous solids, with a particular emphasis on the recent research development results of Chinese scientists. Their reviews are organized into five research areas as reported in different sections of this paper. ~I firstly brings in fo- cus on micro- and nano-mechanics, with regards to several selective topics, including multiscale coupled models and computational methods, nanocrystal superlattices, surface effects, micromechanical damage mechanics, and microstructural evolution of metals and shape memory alloys. ~II shows discussions on multifield coupled mechanical phenomena, e.g., multi-fields actuations of liquid crystal polymer networks, mechanical behavior of materials under radiations, and micromechanics of heterogeneous materials. In ~III, we mainly address the multiscale mechanics of biological nanocomposites, biological adhesive surface mechanics, wetting and dewetting phenomena on microstructured solid surfaces. The phononic crystals and manipulation of elastic waves were elaborated in ~IV. Finally, we conclude with a series of perspectives on solid mechanics. This review will set a primary goal of future science research and engineering application on solid mechanics with the effort of social and economic development.

关键词： heterogeneous materials smart materials biological materials multiscale mechanics micro- and nano-mechanics damage and fracture constitutive relation elastic wave surface effects

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Stabilization and Stability Connection of Networked Control systems with Two Quantizers

Stabilization and Stability Connection of Networked Control ...

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2011 American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： Jun Liu Linbo Xie Min Zhang Zhihai Wu Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry (Ministry of Education) Institute of Systems Engineering University of Jiangnan Wuxi China Jiangsu Province Pharmaceutical Industry Design Institute China

Recently, Networked Control systems (NCSs) and quantized feedback control have received a lot of attention. We consider analysis of quantized estimation and investigation of stability connection between estimation error system (EES) and quantized estimation feedback control system (QEFCS) in this paper. We assume that there are two-quantized signals being passed to the estimator and the controller through network channels in the closed-loop NCS. Using adjustable zoom quantizer parameters, Lyapunov-based quadratically stabilizable conditions of NCSs are presented. We also propose a method to disclose the stability connection of EES and QEFCS by the use of the connected invariant region sequences. Numerical example and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.

关键词： Quantization Feedback control Stability analysis Numerical stability Noise Estimation error

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