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Wireless Federated Learning With Hybrid Local and Centralized Training: A Latency Minimization Design

IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Signal Processing 2023年第1期17卷 248-263页

作者： Huang, Ning Dai, Minghui Wu, Yuan Quek, Tony Q. S. Shen, Xuemin State Key Lab of Internet of Things for Smart City China University of Macau Department of Computer and Information Science China University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Computer and Information Science China Zhuhai Um Science and Technology Research Institute Zhuhai519031 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar 487372 Singapore National Cheng Kung University Taiwan University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

Wireless federated learning (FL) is a collaborative machine learning (ML) framework in which wireless client-devices independently train their ML models and send the locally trained models to the FL server for aggregation. In this paper, we consider the coexistence of privacy-sensitive client-devices and privacy-insensitive yet computing-resource constrained client-devices, and propose an FL framework with a hybrid centralized training and local training. Specifically, the privacy-sensitive client-devices perform local ML model training and send their local models to the FL server. Each privacy-insensitive client-device can have two options, i.e., (i) conducting a local training and then sending its local model to the FL server, and (ii) directly sending its local data to the FL server for the centralized training. The FL server, after collecting the data from the privacy-insensitive client-devices (which choose to upload the local data), conducts a centralized training with the received datasets. The global model is then generated by aggregating (i) the local models uploaded by the client-devices and (ii) the model trained by the FL server centrally. Focusing on this hybrid FL framework, we firstly analyze its convergence feature with respect to the client-devices' selections of local training or centralized training. We then formulate a joint optimization of client-devices' selections of the local training or centralized training, the FL training configuration (i.e., the number of the local iterations and the number of the global iterations), and the bandwidth allocations to the client-devices, with the objective of minimizing the overall latency for reaching the FL convergence. Despite the non-convexity of the joint optimization problem, we identify its layered structure and propose an efficient algorithm to solve it. Numerical results demonstrate the advantage of our proposed FL framework with the hybrid local and centralized training as well as our proposed alg

关键词： Information management

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Chlorine-substituted chiral 2D perovskite microwires with enhanced lattice rigidity for sensitive circularly polarized light detection

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第12期66卷 3602-3610页

作者： Meng Yuan Yuchen Qiu Yingjie Zhao Yuyan Zhao Hui Li Xiao Wei Gaosong Chen Jiangang Feng Hanfei Gao Jinjin Zhao Jiahui Zhao Lei Jiang Yuchen Wu Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS) Beijing 100049China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117585Singapore Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123China Ji Hua Laboratory Foshan 528000China Department of Physics Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong 037009China

Chiral two-dimensional(2D) perovskites offer numerous attractive features for optoelectronics owing to their soft, deformable lattices and a high degree of chemical tunability. While tremendous advances have been made in perovskite-based direct circularly polarized light(CPL) detection, the low circular polarization anisotropy factor and sensitivity of those photodetectors arising from large lattice distortion still limit practical applications. Herein, chiral 2D perovskite-based single-crystalline microwire arrays with enhanced circular dichroism(CD) absorption are fabricated with the synergy of the capillary-bridgeconfined assembly method and chlorine-substituted phenethylamine(Cl-MBA). Compared with phenethylamine(MBA)-inserted perovskites, the smaller lattice distortion and increased halogen–halogen interaction within Cl–MBA-inserted perovskites strengthen lattice rigidity and weaken electron–phonon coupling to improve carrier transport and thermal stability, resulting in high-performance CPL photodetectors with an anisotropy factor of 0.25, responsivity exceeding 95.7±9.3 A W^(-1)and detectivity exceeding(3.05±0.30)×10^(13)Jones. This work opens a new perspective to modulate circular polarization sensitivity and will be helpful to realize promising implementations in quantum computation and communication.

关键词： chiral perovskites microwire arrays lattice rigidity circular polarization photodetectors

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Testing satellite control systems with drones

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IEEE Potentials 2022年第1期41卷 6-13页

作者： Barari, Ali Dion, Ryan Jeffrey, Ian Ferguson, Philip Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Anitoba WinnipegMNR3T 5V6 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Manitoba WinnipegMNR3T 5V6 Canada Space Technology and Advanced Research Laboratory University of Manitoba WinnipegMNR3T 5V6 Canada

In space, it is usually not possible to repair equipment when things go wrong. While astronauts ventured into space aboard the Space Shuttle to repair the infamously flawed Hubble Space Telescope, these types of repair missions are extremely expensive and rare. Limited repair options make spacecraft engineers turn their attention to reliability in an attempt to avoid failures altogether. Building a reliable system starts with a robust design, incorporates proven parts, and - most importantly - involves a lot of testing. © 1988-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Repair

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Anisotropy of two-dimensional ReS_(2)and advances in its device application

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Rare Metals 2021年第12期40卷 3357-3374页

作者： Ya-Di Cao Ying-Hui Sun Su-Fei Shi Rong-Ming Wang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface ScienceSchool of Mathematics and PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA Department of Electrical Computer and Systems EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA

Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)have attracted growing interest regarding their potential applications in next-generation electronic and optoelectronic *** to their atomic thickness and tunable bandgap,they exhibit unique mechanical,electrical,and optical *** a specific member of the TMDC family,rhenium disulfide(ReS_(2))has stimulated intensive interest due to its anisotropic crystal structure,weak inter-layer coupling,and anisotropic electrical and optical *** this review,we summarize the distinct crystal structure and intrinsic anisotropic properties of ReS_(2),followed by an introduction to its synthesis *** current applications of ReS_(2)and its heterojunctions are presented based on its anisotropic *** review not only provides a timely summary of the current applications of ReS_(2)and its heterojunctions,but also inspires new approaches to develop other innovative devices based on 2D materials with a low lattice symmetry.

关键词： Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs) Rhenium disulfide Anisotropic property Heterojunction Functional device

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Design and application of a one-stop mobile application sharing platform for steel enterprises

Design and application of a one-stop mobile application shar...

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第42届中国控制会议

作者： Xinzhe Chen Luefeng Chen Jie Hu Qingfeng Yang Min Wu Witold Pedrycz School of Automation China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta

As China's steel production accounts for an increasing share of the world's output, the intelligent transformation of the steel industry is becoming increasingly urgent. To address issues such as low levels of mobile informationization in steel enterprises and the lack of an industry-specific mobile application platform, it is of great significance to establish a shared mobile application platform for the steel industry. In this paper, the requirements of the platform were analyzed, and the platform's functions were designed. The software design of the platform was then carried out, and the entire mobile application sharing platform was developed, effectively improving the production management efficiency of steel enterprises. The results indicate that the platform can effectively meet the needs of steel enterprises and has significant engineering significance.

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Dead-time Compensation Method for Bus-clamping Modulated Voltage Source Inverter

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ghaderloo, Reza Asrar Shen, Yidi Singhabahu, Chanaka Resalayyan, Rakesh Khaligh, Alireza Maryland Power Electronics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

Bus-clamping Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is an effective method to reduce the switching loss in a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI). In bus-clamping PWM scheme, the phase legs are switched using high frequency PWM signals for two-third of the line cycle, while for the remaining duration of cycle, the pole voltage is clamped to either positive or negative rail of the DC bus. In PWM operation of a half bridge, a dead-time is applied between the gate signals of complementary switches to ensure safe and reliable operation. However, introduction of dead-time leads to poor power quality, increased Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and variation in actual voltage compared to the intended pole voltage. Moreover, when the bus-clamping technique is used, the PWM has both high frequency switching region and clamped region in a line cycle, and consequently, the undesired effects of dead-time are further aggravated. Therefore, in order to enhance the quality of output voltage, this paper presents a dead-time compensation strategy for a VSI operating with bus-clamping PWM. The proposed method calculates the required compensation term to be added on the modulation signal considering wide range of operating conditions. Additionally, the compensation includes a new strategy for low current conditions near zero-crossing to avoid distortion. The proposed method is verified by simulation and experiments in a three-phase VSI with a switching frequency of 100 kHz and a fundamental frequency of 60Hz. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pulse width modulation

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Efficient Fault Detection in Nonlinear Industrial Process: A Reduced Kernel PCA-Based Spectral Clustering Approach

Efficient Fault Detection in Nonlinear Industrial Process: A...

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Artificial Intelligence, Applications, Innovation and Ethics (AI2E), International Conference for

作者： Khadija Attouri Majdi Mansouri Mansour Hajji Kais Bouzrara Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnologies Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Kasserine Kairouan University Tunisia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Research Laboratory of Automation Signal Processing and Image National Engineering School of Monastir Tunisia

ISBN: (数字)9798331513733

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513740

The challenges posed by nonlinearities in industrial systems necessitate innovative techniques that outperform the limitations of traditional methods such as principal component analysis (PCA). While Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) offers a robust solution to handle nonlinear data, its computational requirements are a significant issue, especially for large-sized datasets. In this work, we propose a novel technique, namely, reduced kernel principal component analysis-based spectral clustering (RKPCA SpC ), to monitor and detect faults in the benchmark Tennessee Eastman process. The suggested approach addresses the complexity associated with KPCA by reducing data size during the model training phase. This reduction involves retaining only the principal components, preserving informative features, and selecting pertinent samples without compromising the original data's content. The efficacy of the proposed method is evaluated through key performance metrics, including false alarm rate (FAR), missed detection rate (MDR), detection time delay (DTD), and computation time (CT). Additionally, gained execution time (GET), gained storage space (GSP), and loss function (LF) are considered, providing a comprehensive assessment of the developed paradigms' effectiveness. The results demonstrate the promising capabilities of our proposed scheme.

关键词： Training Measurement Technological innovation Fault detection Delay effects Computational modeling Complexity theory Kernel Monitoring Principal component analysis

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Coherent and incoherent laser pump on a five-level atom in a strongly coupled cavity-QED system

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Physical Review A 2022年第1期105卷 013701-013701页

作者： Asha Devi Sarath D. Gunapala Malin Premaratne Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91109 USA

We propose a cavity quantum electrodynamic system consisting of a five-level atom coupled to a single mode of the cavity electromagnetic field. The study is focused on the regime of strong coupling between the cavity and atom. Pump laser fields and cavity fields connect the split energy levels of the atom. Instead of the well-known two-level Dicke model obtained by adiabatic elimination of the high-energy levels, we consider the pump lasers' detunings to the atomic transitions to be very small such that we can examine the influence of the higher-energy states. We have studied the effect of an external coherent drive and incoherent pumping on these higher-energy levels and observed the enhancement of intracavity photon numbers due to quantum coherence effects. The amplification of intracavity photons is achieved even without a population inversion. However, the effect of the coherent and incoherent drive is negligible for very large detunings when the higher-energy states are adiabatically eliminated. At zero and small detunings, the system reaches the steady state at an earlier instant of time for higher incoherent pumping. We find an almost agreeable steady-state behavior of the system's exact full quantum dynamics model and its semiclassical approximation. Our model tries to accurately simulate the open system by considering the cavity decay, spontaneous decay, and dephasing of the system.

关键词： Atoms, ions, & molecules in cavities Cavity quantum electrodynamics Nanophotonics

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Strain-enhanced dynamic regulation of chiroptical responses in 3D suspended nested metamaterials

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Optics Express 2025年第11期33卷 23440-23451页

作者： Bo Li ShiLong Duan QiuShun Zou RuanSheng Guo YiMin Chen ChenJie Gu PeiQing Zhang Xiang Shen Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China Laboratory of Infrared Material and Devices Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Functional Materials and Devices Advanced Technology Research Institute Ningbo University Zhejiang 315211 China CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China

Three-dimensional (3D) chiral metamaterials, which exhibit strong chiroptical responses, have attracted tremendous attention in the broad fields of next-generation photonic devices and chiroptical spectroscopy techniques. There is an urgent need for a novel fabrication approach that enables the rapid and straightforward preparation of 3D chiral nanostructures, along with a robust strategy for achieving dynamic regulation. Here, we proposed a strain-enhanced strategy for dynamically regulating the chiroptical responses of 3D suspended nested metamaterials from the transformation of a 2D precursor. The local strain enhancement could effectively resolve the bottleneck of insufficient strain and low precision for the buckling strain self-assembly. The changing morphology and circular dichroism (CD) of 3D suspended chiral metamaterials were analyzed under the impact of a strain-enhanced effect. Then, the uplifted heights of these 3D nanostructures increased with the substrate's pre-strain ( ɛ pre ). Its CD reached up to 0.79, mainly resulting from ring electric dipoles. Interestingly, the chiroptical responses of 3D nanopyramids were regulated dynamically by controlling the substrate's pre-strain. Such a strategy provides a new pathway for achieving high-performance chiral metamaterials and offers promising applications in circularly polarized light detection, super-chiral light sources, optical communication, and advanced nanophotonic systems.

关键词： Holographic displays Luminescent materials Negative index materials Optical properties Photonic devices Refractive index

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Robust Design of IRS-Aided Multi-Group Multicast System With Imperfect CSI

Robust Design of IRS-Aided Multi-Group Multicast System With...

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作者： Jiang, Weiheng Xiong, Peiyun Nie, Jiangtian Ding, Zhiguo Pan, Cunhua Xiong, Zehui Chongqing University School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering Chongqing400044 China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Jurong West639798 Singapore Khalifa University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates The University of Manchester Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Southeast University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Nanjing211189 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Tampines487372 Singapore

In this paper, the robust design for the intelligent reflective surface (IRS) assisted wireless multi-group multicast system is considered, in which two optimization design problems under two different channel state information (CSI) error models are separately discussed, i.e., the fairness-based problems and the quality-of-service (QoS)-based problems for both the bounded CSI error model and the statistical CSI error model. In order to deal with the non-convex constraints of the considered problems, i.e., bounded CSI error based constraint and statistical CSI error based constraint, S-procedure is adopted to convert the non-convex SINR constraint with bounded CSI error into linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), and the Bernstein-type inequality is utilized to transform the outage probability constraint with statistical CSI error into a second-order cone (SOC) constraint and linear inequalities. Following that, two efficient algorithms based on alternate optimization (AO) are proposed to solve the fairness problems and QoS problems, wherein the semi-definite programming (SDP), penalty convex-concave procedure (CCP) and semi-definite relaxation (SDR) are utilized. Furthermore, we analyze the complexity of the proposed algorithms. Finally, some numerical simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms, and the impacts of the CSI error and the discrete precision of IRS reflection phase shift on the system performance are analyzed, which provides some insights for the IRS deployment and system robust design. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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