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arXiv 2018年

作者： Chiribella, Giulio Spekkens, Robert W. Department of Computer Science University of Oxford Wolfson Building Parks Road Oxford United Kingdom Canadian Institute for Advanced Research CIFAR Program in Quantum Information Science TorontoONM5G 1Z8 Canada Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong Hong Kong Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 31 Caroline Street North ONN2L 2Y5 Canada

We present here our introduction to the contributed volume "Quantum Theory: Informational Foundations and Foils", Springer Netherlands (2016). It highlights recent trends in quantum foundations and offers an overview of the contributions appearing in the book. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Metasurfaces: Coherent Perfect Diffraction in Metagratings (Adv. Mater. 36/2020)

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advanced Materials 2020年第36期32卷

作者： Ziying Zhang Ming Kang Xueqian Zhang Xi Feng Yuehong Xu Xieyu Chen Huifang Zhang Quan Xu Zhen Tian Weili Zhang Alex Krasnok Jiaguang Han Andrea Alù Center for Terahertz Waves College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York NY 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York NY 10016 USA

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Fundamental bounds on the operation of Fano nonlinear isolators

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Physical Review B 2018年第11期97卷 115431-115431页

作者： Dimitrios L. Sounas Andrea Alù Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York 10016 USA Department of Electrical Engineering City College of The City University of New York New York 10031 USA

Nonlinear isolators have attracted significant attention for their ability to break reciprocity and provide isolation without the need of an external bias. A popular approach for the design of such devices is based on Fano resonators, which, due to their sharp frequency response, can lead to very large isolation for moderate input intensities. Here, we show that, independent of their specific implementation, these devices are subject to fundamental bounds on the transmission coefficient in the forward direction versus their quality factor, input power, and nonreciprocal intensity range. Our analysis quantifies a general tradeoff between forward transmission and these metrics, stemming directly from time-reversal symmetry, and that unitary transmission is only possible for vanishing nonreciprocity. Our results also shed light on the operation of resonant nonlinear isolators, reveal their fundamental limitations, and provide indications on how it is possible to design nonlinear isolators with optimal performance.

关键词： Electromagnetism Metamaterials Nonlinear optics

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Genomic basis for RNA alterations in cancer (vol 578, pg 129, 2020)

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NATURE 2023年第7948期614卷 E37-E37页

作者： Calabrese, Claudia Davidson, Natalie R. Demircioglu, Deniz Fonseca, Nuno A. He, Yao Lehmann, Kjong-Van Liu, Fenglin Shiraishi, Yuichi Soulette, Cameron M. Urban, Lara Greger, Liliana Li, Siliang Liu, Dongbing Perry, Marc D. Xiang, Qian Zhang, Fan Zhang, Junjun Bailey, Peter Erkek, Serap Hoadley, Katherine A. Hou, Yong Huska, Matthew R. Kilpinen, Helena Korbel, Jan O. Marin, Maximillian G. Markowski, Julia Nandi, Tannistha Pan-Hammarstrom, Qiang Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar Siebert, Reiner Stark, Stefan G. Su, Hong Tan, Patrick Waszak, Sebastian M. Yung, Christina Zhu, Shida Awadalla, Philip Creighton, Chad J. Meyerson, Matthew Ouellette, B. F. Francis Wu, Kui Yang, Huanming Brazma, Alvis Brooks, Angela N. Goke, Jonathan Ratsch, Gunnar Schwarz, Roland F. Stegle, Oliver Zhang, Zemin European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute Hinxton UK European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) Cambridge UK Genome Biology Unit European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Heidelberg Germany CIBIO/InBIO - Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Berlin Germany German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner site Berlin Berlin Germany European Molecular Biology Laboratory Genome Biology Unit Heidelberg Germany Division of Computational Genomics and Systems Genetics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Lausanne Switzerland University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland Computational Biology Center Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Department of Biology ETH Zurich Zürich Switzerland Department of Computer Science ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Korea University Seoul South Korea Computational and Systems Biology Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Institute for Computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Controlled Department and Institution New York NY USA Englander Institute for Precision Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Genome Institute of Singapore Singapore Singapore Computational and Systems Biology Genome Institute of Singap

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Effect of oxygen plasma treatment on ITO nanorods films prepared by glancing angle deposition

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2279卷

作者： P. Nuchuay W. Promcham C. Laongwan T. Chaikeeree S. Limwichean P. Eiamchai V. Pattantsetakul N. Nuntawong C. Chananonnawathorn C. Oros P. Songsirirtthigul M. Horprathum Program of Industrial Electrical Technology Faculty of Science and Technology Suratthani Rajabhat University Muang Surat Thani 841000 Thailand School of Energy Environment and Materials King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok 10140 Thailand National Electronics and Computer Technology Center Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand Faculty of Liberal-arts Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin Nakornpathom 73170 Thailand Research Network NANOTECH-SUT on Advanced Nanomaterials and Characterization School of Physics Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand

The effect of oxygen (O2) plasma treatment on indium doped tin oxide (ITO) nanorods films prepared by the ion-assisted electron-beam evaporation with the glancing-angle deposition technique (GLAD) were investigated. The ITO nanorods films were plasma treated in oxygen ambient at different O2 flow rates in the range of 20-100 sccm. The physical microstructures have been investigated by grazing-incident X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The electrical and optical properties were characterized by four-point probe measurements and UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometry, respectively. The results showed that all the ITO nanorods films exhibited as bixbite structure. The morphology of as prepared films showed vertically aligned nanocolumnar with diameter of 50-63 nm cause of the shadowing effect and limited adatom diffusion. In addition, the influence of O2 plasma treatment on electrical and anti-reflection with omnidirectional property of ITO nanorods films were systematically evaluated and discussed in this paper.

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Broadband Cyclic-Symmetric Magnet-less Circulatorsand Theoretical Bounds on their Bandwidth

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Kord, Ahmed Sounas, Dimitrios L. Xiao, Zhicheng Alù, Andrea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Advanced Science Research Center Physics Program Graduate Center Photonics Initiative Department of Electrical Engineering City College of New York City University of New York New York NY10031 United States

In this paper, we explore theoretically and experimentally broadband spatiotemporally modulated (STM) magnet-less circulators realized by combining three-port non-reciprocal junctions with three identical bandpass filters. We develop a rigorous theory for the proposed circuit, which allows to optimize its design and to derive a global bound on the maximum possible bandwidth (BW). We verify our theory with simulations and measurements of a printed circuit board (PCB) prototype based on a differential wye junction and second-order Chebyshev bandpass filters, resulting in a measured fractional BW of 13.9% at a center frequency of 1 GHz. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bandwidth

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Nonlinear Isolators and Circulators Based on Networks of Coupled Resonators 12

Nonlinear Isolators and Circulators Based on Networks of Cou...

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12th International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena, METAMATERIALS 2018

作者： Sounas, D.L. Soric, J. Draguanno, G. Alu, A. University of Texas at Austin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering AustinTX78712 United States Raytheon AndoverMA United States Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMD United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Department of Electrical Engineering City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781538647028

We present our recent results in the area of nonlinear nonreciprocal devices, including isolators and circulators. We show that the nonlinear isolators based on single Fano resonators are subject to a fundamental trade-off between transmission and isolation intensity range or bandwidth, stemming from time reversal symmetry. We also show how we can overcome this limitation by using multiple nonlinear resonators. Finally, we show that networks with many nonlinear resonators can also be used to realize more advanced devices, such as circulators. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Resonators

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QU-BraTS: MICCAI BraTS 2020 Challenge on Quantifying Uncertainty in Brain Tumor Segmentation - Analysis of Ranking Scores and Benchmarking Results

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Mehta, Raghav Filos, Angelos Baid, Ujjwal Sako, Chiharu McKinley, Richard Rebsamen, Michael Dätwyler, Katrin Meier, Raphael Radojewski, Piotr Murugesan, Gowtham Krishnan Nalawade, Sahil Ganesh, Chandan Wagner, Ben Yu, Fang F. Fei, Baowei Madhuranthakam, Ananth J. Maldjian, Joseph A. Daza, Laura Gómez, Catalina Arbeláez, Pablo Dai, Chengliang Wang, Shuo Reynaud, Hadrien Mo, Yuanhan Angelini, Elsa Guo, Yike Bai, Wenjia Banerjee, Subhashis Pei, Linmin Murat, A.K. Rosas-González, Sarahi Zemmoura, Ilyess Tauber, Clovis Vu, Minh H. Nyholm, Tufve Löfstedt, Tommy Ballestar, Laura Mora Vilaplana, Veronica McHugh, Hugh Talou, Gonzalo Maso Wang, Alan Patel, Jay Chang, Ken Hoebel, Katharina Gidwani, Mishka Arun, Nishanth Gupta, Sharut Aggarwal, Mehak Singh, Praveer Gerstner, Elizabeth R. Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree Boutry, Nicolas Huard, Alexis Vidyaratne, Lasitha Rahman, Md Monibor Iftekharuddin, Khan M. Chazalon, Joseph Puybareau, Elodie Tochon, Guillaume Ma, Jun Cabezas, Mariano Llado, Xavier Oliver, Arnau Valencia, Liliana Valverde, Sergi Amian, Mehdi Soltaninejad, Mohammadreza Myronenko, Andriy Hatamizadeh, Ali Feng, Xue Dou, Quan Tustison, Nicholas Meyer, Craig Shah, Nisarg A. Talbar, Sanjay Weber, Marc-André Mahajan, Abhishek Jakab, Andras Wiest, Roland Fathallah-Shaykh, Hassan M. Nazeri, Arash Milchenko, Mikhail Marcus, Daniel Kotrotsou, Aikaterini Colen, Rivka Freymann, John Kirby, Justin Davatzikos, Christos Menze, Bjoern Bakas, Spyridon Gal, Yarin Arbel, Tal McGill University MontrealQC Canada Group University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine The University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology University of Bern Inselspital Bern University Hospital Bern Switzerland Department of Radiology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center DallasTX United States Department of Bioengineering University of Texas DallasTX United States Advanced Imaging Research Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center DallasTX United States Universidad de los Andes Bogotá Colombia Data Science Institute Imperial College London London United Kingdom NIHR Imperial BRC ITMAT Data Science Group Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London United Kingdom Machine Intelligence Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India Department of CSE University of Calcutta Kolkata India Department of Information Technology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden Department of Diagnostic Radiology The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center PittsburghPA United States UMR U1253 iBrain Université de Tours Inserm Tours France Department of Radiation Sciences Umeå University Umeå Sweden Department of Computing Science Umeå University Umeå Sweden Signal Theory and Communications Department Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech Barcelona Spain Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Radiology Department Auckland City Hospital Auckland New Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute University of Auckland New Zealand Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Department of Radiology

Deep learning (DL) models have provided state-of-the-art performance in various medical imaging benchmarking challenges, including the Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) challenges. However, the task of focal pathology multi-compartment segmentation (e.g., tumor and lesion sub-regions) is particularly challenging, and potential errors hinder translating DL models into clinical workflows. Quantifying the reliability of DL model predictions in the form of uncertainties could enable clinical review of the most uncertain regions, thereby building trust and paving the way toward clinical translation. Several uncertainty estimation methods have recently been introduced for DL medical image segmentation tasks. Developing scores to evaluate and compare the performance of uncertainty measures will assist the end-user in making more informed decisions. In this study, we explore and evaluate a score developed during the BraTS 2019 and BraTS 2020 task on uncertainty quantification (QU-BraTS) and designed to assess and rank uncertainty estimates for brain tumor multi-compartment segmentation. This score (1) rewards uncertainty estimates that produce high confidence in correct assertions and those that assign low confidence levels at incorrect assertions, and (2) penalizes uncertainty measures that lead to a higher percentage of under-confident correct assertions. We further benchmark the segmentation uncertainties generated by 14 independent participating teams of QU-BraTS 2020, all of which also participated in the main BraTS segmentation task. Overall, our findings confirm the importance and complementary value that uncertainty estimates provide to segmentation algorithms, highlighting the need for uncertainty quantification in medical image analyses. Finally, in favor of transparency and reproducibility, our evaluation code is made publicly available at https://***/RagMeh11/QU-BraTS. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Generalized Kasha’s Scheme for Classifying Two-Dimensional Excitonic Molecular Aggregates: Temperature Dependent Absorption Peak Frequency Shift

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Chuang, Chern Bennett, Doran I.G. Caram, Justin R. Aspuru-Guzik, Alán Bawendi, Moungi G. Cao, Jianshu Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology MA02139 United States Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Bio-Inspired Solar Energy Program Canadian Institute for Advanced Research TorontoONM5G 1Z8 Canada Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States kDepartment of Chemistry Department of Computer Science University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H6 Canada Vector Institute TorontoONM5G 1M1 Canada

We propose a generalized theoretical framework for classifying two-dimensional (2D) excitonic molecular aggregates based on an analysis of temperature dependent spectra. In addition to the monomer-aggregate absorption peak shift, which defines the conventional J- and H-aggregates, we incorporate the peak shift associated with increasing temperature as a measure to characterize the exciton band structure. First we show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the monomer-aggregate and the temperature dependent peak shifts for Kasha’s well-established model of one-dimensional (1D) aggregates, where J-aggregates exhibit further redshift upon increasing temperature and H-aggregates exhibit further blueshift. On the contrary, 2D aggregate structures are capable of supporting the two other combinations: blueshifting J-aggregates and redshifting H-aggregates, owing to their more complex exciton band structures. Secondly, using standard spectral lineshape theory, the temperature dependent shift is associated with the relative abundance of states on each side of the bright state. We further establish that the density of states can be connected to the microscopic packing condition leading to these four classes of aggregates by separately considering the short and long-range contribution to the excitonic couplings. In particular the temperature dependent shift is shown to be an unambiguous signature for the sign of net short-range couplings: Aggregates with net negative (positive) short-range couplings redshift (blueshift) with increasing temperature. Lastly, comparison with experiments shows that our theory can be utilized to quantitatively account for the observed but previously unexplained T-dependent absorption lineshapes. Thus, our work provides a firm ground for elucidating the structure-function relationships for molecular aggregates and is fully compatible with existing experimental and theoretical structure characterization tools. Copyright © 2019, The Author

关键词： Excitons

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Kramers nodal lines in intercalated TaS2 superconductors

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4984页

作者： Yichen Zhang Yuxiang Gao Aki Pulkkinen Xingyao Guo Jianwei Huang Yucheng Guo Ziqin Yue Ji Seop Oh Alex Moon Mohamed Oudah Xue-Jian Gao Alberto Marmodoro Alexei Fedorov Sung-Kwan Mo Makoto Hashimoto Donghui Lu Anil Rajapitamahuni Elio Vescovo Junichiro Kono Alannah M Hallas Robert J Birgeneau Luis Balicas Ján Minár Pavan Hosur Kam Tuen Law Emilia Morosan Ming Yi Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. New Technologies Research Center University of West Bohemia Plzen 301 00 Czech Republic. Department of Physics Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China. Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. Department of Physics University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA. National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee Tallahassee FL 32310 USA. Physics Department Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA. Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada. Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park CA 94025 USA. National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Lab Upton NY 11973 USA. Rice Center for Quantum Materials Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. Department of Physics & Astronomy University of British Columbia Vancouver Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada. Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto Toronto ON M5G 1M1 Canada. Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA. Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA. Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. emorosan@rice.edu. Rice Center for Quantum Materials Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. emorosan@rice.edu. Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA.

Kramers degeneracy is one fundamental embodiment of the quantum mechanical nature of particles with half-integer spin under time reversal symmetry. Under the chiral and noncentrosymmetric achiral crystalline symmetries, Kramers degeneracy emerges respectively as topological quasiparticles of Weyl fermions and Kramers nodal lines (KNLs), anchoring the Berry phase-related physics of electrons. However, an experimental demonstration for ideal KNLs well isolated at the Fermi level is lacking. Here, we establish a class of noncentrosymmetric achiral intercalated transition metal dichalcogenide superconductors with large Ising-type spin-orbit coupling, represented by InTaS, to host an ideal KNL phase. We provide evidence from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with spin resolution, angle-dependent quantum oscillation measurements, and ab-initio calculations. Our work not only provides a realistic platform for realizing and tuning KNLs in layered materials, but also paves the way for exploring the interplay between KNLs and superconductivity, as well as applications pertaining to spintronics, valleytronics, and nonlinear transport.

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