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RSI/ISM International Conference on robotics and Mechatronics

作者： Mahdi Khorram S. Ali A. Moosavian Center of Excellence in Robotics and Control Advanced Robotics and Automated Systems Lab Dept of Mech Eng K. N. Toosi Univ of Tech Tehran Iran Center of Excellence in Robotics and Control Advanced Robotics and Automated Systems Lab Dept of Mech Eng K. N. Toosi Univ of Tech Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372350

Maintaining the balance or stability of legged robots in natural terrains is a challenging problem. Besides the inherent unstable characteristics of legged robots, the sources of instability are the irregularities of the ground surface and also the external pushes. In this paper, a push recovery framework for restoring the robot balance against external unknown disturbances will be demonstrated. It is assumed that the magnitude of exerted pushes is not large enough to use a reactive stepping strategy. In the comparison with previous methods, which a simplified model such as point mass model is used as the model of the robot for studying the push recovery problem, the whole body dynamic model will be utilized in present work. This enhances the capability of the robot to exploit all of the DOFs to recover its balance. To do so, an explicit dynamic model of a quadruped robot will be derived. The balance controller is based on the computation of the appropriate acceleration of the main body. It is calculated to return the robot to its desired position after the perturbation. This acceleration should be chosen under the stability and friction conditions. To calculate main body acceleration, an optimization problem is defined so that the stability, friction condition considered as its constraints. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The robot can restore its balance against the large disturbance solely through the adjustment of the position and orientation of main body.

关键词： Push recovery Quadruped robots dynamics stability friction constraints

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Modified Jacobian Transpose Control of a Quadruped Robot

Modified Jacobian Transpose Control of a Quadruped Robot

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RSI/ISM International Conference on robotics and Mechatronics

作者： Mahdi Khorram S. Ali A. Moosavian Center of Excellence in Robotics and Control Advanced Robotics and Automated Systems Lab Dept of Mech Eng K. N. Toosi Univ of Tech Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372350

Quadruped robots have many advantages over other robots. Their excellent potentials to traverse different terrains are one of main advantages which distinguish these robots from wheeled mobile robot. In this article, the gait planning problem and also the design of an appropriate controller for a quadruped robot will be investigated. To this end, an explicit dynamics model of an 18-DOF quadruped robot will be derived. Then, a constraint elimination method is proposed to cancel the contact forces from dynamics equations and also express the dynamics equations in terms of the independent variables of the motion. In the walking gait, these DOFs are the position and the orientation of main body and also the joint angles of the swing leg. A stable COG trajectory generation algorithm based on the ZMP approach will be proposed. The path of swing legs is planned to prevent any impact between the swing legs and the ground. To apply the generated path on the robot, Modified Transpose Jacobian (MTJ) controller is used. This controller is based on the feedback linearization approach. It uses the command controller in the previous time step to increase the controller performance. The simulation is conducted to evaluate the performance of the gait planning algorithm and also the controller. Obtained results verify the merits of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Quadruped robots Walking gait stable gait planning control MTJ Algorithm

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CPG-Based Gait Transition of a Quadruped Robot

CPG-Based Gait Transition of a Quadruped Robot

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RSI/ISM International Conference on robotics and Mechatronics

作者： Farhad Asadi Mahdi Khorram S. Ali A. Moosavian Center of Excellence in Robotics and Control Advanced Robotics & Automated Systems (ARAS) Lab Department of Mechanical Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372350

Quadruped animals have high agility and grace skills in the motion over natural environment. An important feature of such animals is their abilities in the selection of appropriate gait in the response to the terrain irregularities and also the smooth transition between them in order to increase the stability or conserve the energy. In this paper, a Cartesian CPG-based controller for the gait generation and the transition between them will be developed. The proposed approach uses nonlinear coupled oscillators for generating rhythmic signals. These patterns can be modulated by a programmed excitation signal and proportionally changing the frequency, amplitude and the coupling parameters among oscillators. According to these variations, the step length, duration of swing and stance phases of all legs, relative phase between the legs and the sequence of leg lifting can be adjusted smoothly especially by the duration of gait transition. Then, trajectories of swing legs along the z- and x-axeis will be computed through the data obtained form the CPG controller. The reference ZMP path will be desgined on the basis of the footprints of legs. Then, the COG trajectories will be calculated with a preview servo controller. Finally, some simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach both in the gait generation and smooth gait transition for a quadruped robot.

关键词： central pattern generator Gait transition Walking and Trotting gait quadruped robots Pattern gait generation

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CPG-Based Gait Planning Of a quadruped robot for Crossing Obstacles

CPG-Based Gait Planning Of a quadruped robot for Crossing Ob...

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RSI/ISM International Conference on robotics and Mechatronics

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372350

ability of quadruped robots for adjusting posture for crossing natural obstacles is an important issue. These robots should change their footholds to avoid any obstacles. In this paper, a gait planning algorithm based on Cartesian CPG-based controller for a quadruped robot in order to cross different planar obstacles will be developed. In proposed approach, the rhythmic patterns in central pattern generator are modulated by feedback signals which encode foothold positions in respect to the planar obstacles. By using these feedback signals the frequency of oscillation will be adjusted so that desired gait avoids the obstacles. The obtained gait results in the swing and stance sequences and also step length for each foot. Then, the trajectory of the swing legs in Cartesian space will be computed based on the CPG output data. So, the desired ZMP (Zero moment Point) trajectory will be obtained by using the footholds. Then, COG trajectory will be obtained by using a preview controller on the basis of the desired ZMP trajectory. Finally, proposed algorithm will be tested for crossing planar obstacles in different size and distance. Obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in crossing obstacles with different size and distance to each other.

关键词： central pattern generation gait planning Quadruped robots obstacle-crossing phase resetting

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Multi-Criteria Design of 6-DoF Fully-Constrained Cable Driven Redundant Parallel Manipulator

Multi-Criteria Design of 6-DoF Fully-Constrained Cable Drive...

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RSI/ISM International Conference on robotics and Mechatronics

作者： Ali Nasr S. Ali A. Moosavian Center of Excellence in Robotics and Control Advanced Robotics and Automated Systems (ARAS) Lab. Department of Mechanical Engineering K.N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372350

The purpose of this paper is to optimize dimensions of KNTU 6-DoF cable driven redundant parallel manipulators. This manipulator is under investigation for possible high-speed application such as object manipulator. Usage of cable parallel manipulator depends on kinematic characteristic and control algorithm. This optimization is based on different performance indices including the singularity measure, the kinematic sensitivity, the stiffness and free collision workspace. Stiffness of the cable is also taken into consideration because of its effect on kinematic stiffness of moving platform manipulators performance. Points with cable collision, singular or actuator wrench infeasible configuration characteristic are eliminating from entire workspace.

关键词： Cable Robot Redundant Parallel Manipulator Kinematics Analysis Optimal Design

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Optimal and Stable Gait Planning of a Quadruped Robot for Trotting Over Uneven Terrains

Optimal and Stable Gait Planning of a Quadruped Robot for Tr...

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RSI/ISM International Conference on robotics and Mechatronics

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372350

To obtain satisfactory performance for legged robots, they should be able to move on natural environment stably. In this article, the path planning of a quadruped robot in the motion over uneven terrains will be investigated. One of major problems for traversing uneven terrains is the robot stability. Thus, a condition to guarantee the robot stability over such terrains will be proposed. This condition defines a point with zero moment in 3D space. This condition makes it possible to vary of the height of main body stably during trotting which is a main issue for traversing uneven terrains. Based on this condition, a linear ZMP equation will be defined so that the main body acceleration acts as control input and the ZMP acts as output. A linear quadratic regulator with stability constraint and fixed final states will be proposed to obtain the COG path which results in minimum acceleration. The tip of swing foot path planning will be fulfilled so that the generated path leads to avoid any collision with environment. Furthermore, the path of tip of swing legs is designed with minimum acceleration. The simulation results confirm the validity of proposed methods in terms of stability and the improvement of the consumption energy over uneven terrains.

关键词： Quadruped robots Dynamic stability criterion trot gait LQR control uneven terrains

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Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Bridge Structures above the Waterline with an Unmanned Surface Vehicle

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Bridge Structures above ...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： Jungwook Han Jeonghong Park Jinwhan Kim Ocean Robotics and Intelligence Lab. (ORIN) the Division of Ocean Systems Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781479969357

This study addresses three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of bridge structures over water by fusing sensor measurements from inertial sensors, cameras and lidars mounted on an unmanned surface vehicle (USV). While the accurate navigation capability is strongly required for successful 3D reconstruction, global positioning system (GPS) signals which are essential for accurate navigation are severely deteriorated near the bridge structures or almost completely blocked underneath the bridge decks. In this study, a parameterized feature map is introduced by augmenting the map state with the geometric parameters of the detected bridge piers, and relative navigation is performed with respect to this map in the framework of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). This parameterized SLAM approach allows for high-precision navigation and mapping with no need of GPS fixes. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm was demonstrated through field experiments.

关键词： Bridge structure Computerized tomography, 3 dimensional reconstruction Ground vehicles three-dimensional displays Bridge Decks feature map Lidar navigation UNMANNED geometric parameter maps simultaneous localization and mapping

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26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017): Part 3 Antwerp, Belgium. 15-20 July 2017 Abstracts

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BMC NEUROSCIENCE 2017年第SUPPL 1期18卷 95-176页

作者： [Anonymous] Department of Neuroscience Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA Department Physiology & Pharmacology SUNY Downstate Brooklyn NY 11203 USA NYU School of Engineering 6 MetroTech Center Brooklyn NY 11201 USA Departament de Matemàtica Aplicada Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona 08028 Spain Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerrannée (INMED) INSERM UMR901 Aix-Marseille Univ Marseille France Center of Neural Science New York University New York NY USA Aix-Marseille Univ INSERM INS Inst Neurosci Syst Marseille France Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation CNRS UMR 8089 Université de Cergy-Pontoise 95300 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex France Department of Mathematics and Computer Science ENSAT Abdelmalek Essaadi’s University Tangier Morocco Laboratory of Natural Computation Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics University of Salerno 84084 Fisciano SA Italy Department of Medicine University of Salerno 84083 Lancusi SA Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi Aldo Moro Bari and INFN Sezione Di Bari Italy Data Analysis Department Ghent University Ghent Belgium Coma Science Group University of Liège Liège Belgium Cruces Hospital and Ikerbasque Research Center Bilbao Spain BIOtech Department of Industrial Engineering University of Trento and IRCS-PAT FBK 38010 Trento Italy Department of Data Analysis Ghent University Ghent 9000 Belgium The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging University College London London WC1N 3BG UK Department of Electronic Engineering NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan Blue Brain Project École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Departement of Mathematics Swansea University Swansea Wales UK Laboratory for Topology and Neuroscience at the Brain Mind Institute École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Institute of Mathematics University of Aberdeen Aberdeen Scotland UK Department of Integrativ

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25th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting CNS-2016, Seogwipo City, South Korea, July 2-7, 2016 Abstracts

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BMC NEUROSCIENCE 2016年第1期17卷 1-112页

作者： [Anonymous] Computational Neurobiology Laboratory The Salk Institute for Biological Studies San Diego USA UNIC CNRS Gif sur Yvette France The European Institute for Theoretical Neuroscience (EITN) Paris France ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories Kyoto Japan Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Canada Department of Physiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Medicine (Neurology) University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Physics University of New Hampshire Durham USA Department of Neurophysiology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Warsaw Poland Department of Theory Wigner Research Centre for Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary Department of Mathematical Sciences KAIST Daejoen Republic of Korea Department of Mathematics University of Houston Houston USA Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology and Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering Rice University Houston USA Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Houston Houston USA Grupo de Neurocomputación Biológica Dpto. de Ingeniería Informática Escuela Politécnica Superior Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles USA Center for Neuroscience Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea Department of Neurology Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx USA Center for Neuroscience KIST Seoul South Korea Department of Neuroscience University of Science and Technology Daejon South Korea Systems Neuroscience Group QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston Australia Department of Psychology Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Department of Psychiatry Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong Seoul South Korea Department of Psychiatry Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School Brockton USA Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkvil

A1 Functional advantages of cell-type heterogeneity in neural circuits Tatyana O. Sharpee A2 Mesoscopic modeling of propagating waves in visual cortex Alain Destexhe A3 Dynamics and biomarkers of mental disorders Mitsuo Kawato F1 Precise recruitment of spiking output at theta frequencies requires dendritic h-channels in multi-compartment models of oriens-lacunosum/moleculare hippocampal interneurons Vladislav Sekulić, Frances K. Skinner F2 Kernel methods in reconstruction of current sources from extracellular potentials for single cells and the whole brains Daniel K. Wójcik, Chaitanya Chintaluri, Dorottya Cserpán, Zoltán Somogyvári F3 The synchronized periods depend on intracellular transcriptional repression mechanisms in circadian clocks. Jae Kyoung Kim, Zachary P. Kilpatrick, Matthew R. Bennett, Kresimir Josić O1 Assessing irregularity and coordination of spiking-bursting rhythms in central pattern generators Irene Elices, David Arroyo, Rafael Levi, Francisco B. Rodriguez, Pablo Varona O2 Regulation of top-down processing by cortically-projecting parvalbumin positive neurons in basal forebrain Eunjin Hwang, Bowon Kim, Hio-Been Han, Tae Kim, James T. McKenna, Ritchie E. Brown, Robert W. McCarley, Jee Hyun Choi O3 Modeling auditory stream segregation, build-up and bistability James Rankin, Pamela Osborn Popp, John Rinzel O4 Strong competition between tonotopic neural ensembles explains pitch-related dynamics of auditory cortex evoked fields Alejandro Tabas, André Rupp, Emili Balaguer-Ballester O5 A simple model of retinal response to multi-electrode stimulation Matias I. Maturana, David B. Grayden, Shaun L. Cloherty, Tatiana Kameneva, Michael R. Ibbotson, Hamish Meffin O6 Noise correlations in V4 area correlate with behavioral performance in visual discrimination task Veronika Koren, Timm Lochmann, Valentin Dragoi, Klaus Obermayer O7 Input-location dependent gain modulation in cerebellar nucleus neurons Maria Psarrou, Maria Schilstra, Neil Davey, Benjamin Torben-Ni

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Embedding shape memory alloy actuators in miniature articulating polymer structures using in-mold assembly

Embedding shape memory alloy actuators in miniature articula...

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40th Annual North American Manufacturing Research Conference, NAMRC40

作者： Ananthanarayanan, Arvind Ho, Mingyen Ehrlich, Leicester Desai, Jaydev P. Gupta, Satyandra K. Biomimetics Robotics Lab. Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Robotics Automation and Medical Systems Lab. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD United States Advanced Manufacturing Lab. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781622762477

Fabrication and assembly of highly articulating structures has been a challenge for manufacturing engineers for several years. This challenge is further enhanced when the structures are in the miniature size scales. As part of our previous work, we have developed a process called in-mold assembly to tackle this challenging manufacturing and assembly task. However, attaching the actuators to such miniature structures remains a challenging task and can be expensive in terms of costs. In this work, we will demonstrate a single step in-mold assembly method to fabricate miniature multi degree of freedom (DOF) mechanical devices with embedded SMA actuators. We have developed design optimization methods to shield the SMA actuators from the thermal cycles seen during the injection molding process. This is done to minimize thermal impact on the SMA actuators during embedding in in-mold assembled articulating joints. We have also developed experimental methods to calibrate the force and position of the embedded SMA actuators with respect to temperature. Our experimental results indicate that the SMA behavior is very repeatable with respect to temperature. Hence temperature can be used as a sensory feedback for position and force control. Using the approaches developed as part of this work, we have successfully fabricated an in-mold assembled multi DOF miniature robot with embedded SMA actuators.

关键词： Fabrication

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