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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Fan Fu, Xiangyun Xu, Bing Zhang, Kaituo Huang, Yang Yang, Ying Department of Physics Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Xiangtan411201 China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Anhui Science and Technology University Anhui Bengbu233030 China Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Anhui Wuhu241000 China

In this work, we propose to utilize the observed ratio of spherically-averaged distance to the sound horizon scale from Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data to test the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) by comparing the luminosity distances (LDs) obtained from Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) observations with angular diameter distances (ADDs) derived from these ratio measurements, using a cosmological-model-independent method. To match the LDs with the ADDs at the identical redshifts, we employ two methods: a compressed form of the Pantheon sample and a hybrid approach that combines the binning method with an artificial neural network (ANN). The Hubble parameter H(z) at any redshift is reconstructed from the observed Hubble parameter data with the ANN to derive the ADD. To avoid potential biases resulted from the specific prior values of the absolute magnitude MB of SNIa and the sound horizon scale rd from BAO measurements, we introduce the fiducial parameter κ ≡ 10MB/5 rd3/2 and marginalize their impacts by treating them as nuisance parameters with flat prior distributions in our statistical analysis. Subsequently, we update the measurements of ratio of the transverse comoving distance to the sound horizon scale from the latest BAO data released by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) collaboration for CDDR testing. Our results indicate that BAO observation provides a powerful tool for testing the CDDR, independent of both the absolute magnitude MB and sound horizon scale rd, as well as any cosmological model. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Supernovae

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Ultralow-Frequency Drifting Compensation for Microthrust Measurement Using Autoencoder Prediction-Based Auto-Zero Mechanism

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年 74卷

作者： Xu, Jiawen Dai, Zhuoping Chen, Xingyu Zhang, Hong Long, Jianfei Xu, Luxiang Guo, Ning Zhao, Liye Yan, Ruqiang Southeast University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Robot Sensor and Control Laboratory School of Instrument Science and Engineering Nanjing210096 China Southeast University Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instruments and Advanced Navigation Technology School of Instrument Science and Engineering Nanjing210096 China Lanzhou Institute of Physics Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory Lanzhou730010 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Advanced Study Hangzhou310024 China Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Mechanical Engineering Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Microthrust measurement technology plays a pivotal role in detecting space gravitational waves. However, stochastic drifting in the ultralow-frequency range (0.1 mHz) poses a significant challenge to the precision of microthrust measurements. To mitigate the low-frequency drifting during microthrust measurement, this article introduces a multiple-scale drifting compensation method for ultralow-frequency microthrust measurement based on autoencoder (AE) prediction. The multiple-scale drifting compensating consists of a large-scale drifting detrending and a microscale prediction and compensation. A short-time microscale drift skeleton of the raw signal is extracted using a bidirectional Butterworth low-pass filter. An unsymmetrical AE model is employed to predict the following time sequence of the low-frequency drift skeleton. Then, the predicted skeleton sequence is removed from the raw signal for drifting compensation. Concurrently, zero-load data are utilized for experimental testing to select the optimal experimental method, followed by validation experiments using actual measurement data to demonstrate the method’s effectiveness. It is experimentally validated that the proposed method can successfully reduce the noise level of the measured microthrust data to 0.43 µN/Hz1/2 at a frequency of 7.94 × 10−5 Hz in the laboratory without vibration suspension and temperature control. The proposed method can reduce the magnitude of drifting by approximately three orders at 0.1 mHz, confirming its effectiveness in compensating low-frequency drifting. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency measurement Particle measurements Atmospheric measurements Extraterrestrial measurements Temperature measurement Skeleton Filtering Force Noise Autoencoders

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All-fiber eight-LP-mode MDM based on multi-core fiber with multi-ring core structure

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Physica Scripta 2025年第6期100卷

作者： Zhang, Shengrui Pei, Menglei Qin, Yu Li, Jianshe Wang, Mingli Shen, Yichun Liu, Wen Li, Shuguang Guo, Haitao State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China School of Information Science and Engineering The Key Laboratory for Special Fiber and Fiber Sensor of Hebei Province Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China Zhongtian Technology Advanced Materials Company Ltd Zhongtian Technology Group Nantong226010 China Xi’an710119 China

This paper presents an all-fiber mode multiplexer based on a multi-core fiber (MCF) with a multi-ring-core (MRC) structure, enabling simultaneous transmission of eight degenerate modes at 1.55 μm wavelength. The multiplexer achieves conversion efficiencies exceeding 95% for LP01, LP11a, LP11b, LP21a, LP21b, and LP02 modes, with 87.1% and 76.8% efficiencies for LP31 and LP12 modes respectively. The device demonstrates insertion loss (IL) 19 dB. Through optimization of modal field orientations for angularly asymmetric modes, crosstalk is effectively reduced, providing crucial support for all-fiber integrated systems and next-generation optical networks. © 2025 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Optical fiber communication

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A Durable and Highly Active Oxygen Electrode for Solid Oxide Cells: New Insight into Segregation Suppression of Layered Perovskite

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advanced Materials 2025年 e2502068页

作者： Han, Xu Li, Kaixin Shao, Qi Zhang, Wenjing Li, Tian Gao, Yuan Feng, Peizhong Lv, Zhe Ling, Yihan School of Physics Harbin Institute of Technology Heilongjiang Harbin150001 China Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Sensor Components Heilongjiang Harbin150001 China School of Materials Science and Physics China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China

One challenge to realize the commercialization of solid oxide cell technology is the instability and poor catalytic activity of the oxygen electrode during stack operation caused by Cr-containing alloy interconnect. Particularly well-known Sr/Ba-containing perovskite oxides can easily segregate Sr/Ba to the surface, reacting with vaporized Cr and causing Cr poisoning. To address this challenge, this work designs an entropy-driven layered structural strategy to suppress the surface segregation of cations and realize substantial enhancement of catalysis activity and Cr tolerance. The investigations suggest that the planar strain generated by entropy increase in the rare earth layer plays a pivotal role in suppressing alkaline earth segregation. Consequently, the half-cells with (La0.25Pr0.25Nd0.25Sm0.25)Ba0.5Sr0.5Co1.5Fe0.5O5+δ (LPNSBSCF) oxygen electrode exhibit significantly improved stability in various operation conditions with Cr containment. Furthermore, LPNSBSCF shows the high power density of 2.12 W cm−2 at 800 °C and 1.41 W cm−2 at 650 °C in the single cells of oxygen ion and proton type, respectively. This paper provides new insights into segregation suppression in layered perovskite and offers theoretical guidance for the rational design of oxygen electrodes to achieve high Cr-tolerance and catalytic activity. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Lanthanum oxides

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Comparative Study on Evaluating the Performance of Automated Bacterial Colony Counting with Available APP and Software on Generated Image Dataset

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SN Computer Science 2025年第4期6卷 1-16页

作者： Arora, Prachi Tewary, Suman Krishnamurthi, Srinivasan Kumari, Neelam School of Computing Indian Institute of Information Technology Una (IIIT-Una) Una 177209 India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India Thin Film Coating Facility CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR-CSIO) Sector 30-C Chandigarh 160030 India Materials Science and Sensor Applications CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR-CSIO) Sector 30-C Chandigarh 160030 India Advanced Materials and Processes Division CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory (CSIR-NML) Jamshedpur 831007 India MTCC-Gene bank CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH) Sector 39-A Chandigarh 160039 India

Recent developments in image analysis and interpretation using computer vision techniques have shown potential for novel applications in microbiology laboratories to support the task of automation, aiming for faster and more reliable detection. Image processing techniques and machine learning models can be valuable tools in the screening process, helping technicians spend less time classifying no-growth results and quickly separating the categories for further analysis. In this context, creating a dataset of different bacterial strain images is a fundamental objective for developing and improving the accuracy of image processing models. Therefore, this manuscript acquired a dataset of water samples with different bacterial strain images on a petri dish following a standardized process with controlled conditions of positioning and lighting. The image acquisition device was also developed with a light-emitting diode (LED) and diffuser as a lighting source and a smartphone camera with 16 MP resolution. In addition, the present manuscript also focuses on comparing the accuracy of the proposed algorithm with the available apps and software using the custom-built imaging device. Hence, the resulting dataset consists of 100 images, which is helpful for researchers working in image processing to develop an algorithm for automated counting of bacterial colonies on petri dishes. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Bacterial colonies Image datasets Image processing Imaging device Segmentation Water samples

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Magneto-optical conductivity and circular dichroism in d-wave altermagnets

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Physical Review B 2025年第6期111卷 064428-064428页

作者： Wang Chen Xiaoying Zhou Wen-Kai Lou Kai Chang State Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials School of Physics and Electronics Science Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201 China Center for Quantum Matter School of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

We theoretically investigate the Landau levels (LLs) and magneto-optical conductivity of a d-wave altermagnet under a perpendicular magnetic field. Our findings indicate that the LLs, in the absence of a Zeeman field and spin-orbit coupling (SOC), are spin-degenerate and exhibit a linear dependence on both the magnetic field and the level index. Within the framework of linear response theory, the analytical optical transition matrix elements yield isotropic selection rules and anisotropic longitudinal magneto-optical conductivity peaks, regardless of whether SOC is considered. Specifically, in the absence of SOC, only the intraband transition can occur, with the selection rule given by Δn=±1. The spin-resolved longitudinal magneto-optical conductivities without a Zeeman field alternately coincide (Reσxx↑=Reσyy↓ and Reσxx↓=Reσyy↑), resulting in identical spin-resolved Hall magneto-optical conductivities (Imσxy↑=Imσxy↓). In the presence of SOC, both intraband and interband transitions occur, with selection rules of Δn=±1 and ±3. Notably, the magnitude of the magneto-optical conductivities associated with the transition process of Δn=±1 is three orders of magnitude larger than that associated with Δn=±3. This distinctive magneto-optical absorption spectrum clearly reflects the structure of the LLs and leads to strong circular dichroism in the altermagnets. Our results elucidate the magneto-optical properties of altermagnets and can be utilized to determine band parameters at zero magnetic field.

关键词： Dichroism

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Liquid crystal between two distributed Bragg reflectors enables multispectral small-pitch spatial light modulator

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1643-1645页

作者： Junghyun Park Kanghee Won Young Kim Advanced Sensor Lab Device Research CenterSamsung Advanced Institute of TechnologySuwonRepublic of Korea

The ability of controlling the phase of light at the subwavelength scale can be a game-changer due to its extraordinally wide angle-range in the wavefront shaping. By combining two conventional material and configurat... 详细信息

关键词： crystal enable light

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Enhanced phase transformation in BiFeO3 thin films via synergistic pressure and electric field modulation

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Journal of Applied Physics 2025年第18期137卷

作者： Long, Jiemei Yang, Yan Dong, Yangda Bin, Shuping Zhang, Yuan Tan, Congbing Wang, Jinbin Song, Hongjia Zhong, Xiangli School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan University Hunan Xiangtan411105 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Xiangtan411201 China

In complex multi-field application environments, enhancing the rhombohedral/tetragonal (R/T) phase transition in BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films and making more appearances of R/T morphotropic phase boundaries (MPBs) play a key role in improving the physical properties, such as ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and dielectric, and so on. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the R/T phase transition behavior of the BFO thin films under multi-field conditions. In this paper, the behavior of R/T phase transition in BFO thin films under synergistic modulation of pressure and electric fields is investigated by scanning probe microscopy. Under the condition of pressure-positive voltage synergistic regulation, achieving an R/T MPB with a volume fraction of 35.1% merely requires 3 V, which is lower than the one under a single positive voltage. Under the condition of pressure-negative voltage synergistic regulation, the relationship between the pressure and the voltage is mutual restraint and counterbalance. Under the pressure of above 1.3 μN, the decrease in volume fraction of MPBs is only 1/2 of the one without pressure when the negative voltage is increased from −6 to −10 V. This work provides new ideas and strategies for researching high-performance ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and dielectric devices, holding significant theoretical importance in BFO thin films in complex multi-field application environments. © 2025 Author(s).

关键词： Ferroelectric devices

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Resource efficient metal extraction and silicon wafer recovery from end-of-life monocrystalline solar cells: A chemical and environmental perspective

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Waste Management 2025年 203卷 114867页

作者： De, Souradeep Bhar, Rajarshi Pangas, Arijit Mondal, Snehal Dubey, Brajesh Kumar Maity, Santanu DST-IIEST Solar PV Hub School of Advanced Materials Green Energy and Sensor Systems Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Shibpur B. Garden West Bengal Howrah711103 India Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur West Bengal Kharagpur721302 India

With the rapid expansion of photovoltaic technology, managing photovoltaic-solid waste has become a growing challenge. This study presents an efficient process for recovering metals and silicon wafers from end-of-life solar cells, which has significant potential for generating auxiliary sources of revenue for the world economy and mitigating resource depletion risks along with environmental offsets. Following aluminium removal from the back of the solar cells utilizing hydrochloric acid, 99.997 % pure silver extraction was successfully done via chronoamperometric etching with an exceptionally low energy consumption of 0.012 ***−1, ensuring 98.31 % extraction and 96.75 % recovery efficiency. The passivation layers were removed by hot ortho-phosphoric acid. The p-n junction etching was performed independently, yielding an average recovery of 94.46 % for alkaline etching (5 N purity) and 94.25 % for acidic etching (6 N purity). The environmental impacts of the developed recycling process were evaluated via life cycle assessment. Structural characteristics of reclaimed materials were studied using XRD, EDX and ICP-OES. A cost analysis validated the commercial viability of the process. Significant environmental offset of ∼ 230.80–251.68 kg CO2 eq. for every 1.0 kg of end-of-life silicon solar cells can be achieved by reducing hazardous waste, reclaiming high-purity materials, and lowering energy demands, reinforcing the circular economy principles in PV recycling. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Silicon wafers

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Polarization-controlled contact barriers enable giant tunneling electroresistance in van der Waals ferroelectric tunnel junctions

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Applied Physics Letters 2025年第16期126卷

作者： Bai, Xueyan Zou, Daifeng Lei, Chihou He, Zhijian Liu, Yunya School of Physics and Electronic Science Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan411201 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials Hunan Xiangtan411201 China Department of Physics and Engineering University of Scranton ScrantonPA18510 United States Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials and Application Technology Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan University Xiangtan411105 China

The regulation of tunneling electroresistance (TER) in two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) is crucial for their practical applications. In this Letter, we introduce an innovative approach to manipulate TER by altering the interfacial contact barrier through polarization-induced modifications in interface transport properties. A comprehensive analysis of the electronic structures within heterostructures, consisting of a metallic TaSe2 monolayer and a ferroelectric Sc2CO2 layer, uncovers a dual modulation effect of ferroelectricity on both the Schottky barrier height and the interfacial tunneling barrier. This phenomenon substantiates the influence of polarization on charge carrier transport across the interface. Through calculations employing the non-equilibrium Green's function method, we reveal a significant TER ratio ( 2.41 × 10 13 %) in TaSe2/Sc2CO2-based FTJs. Our findings illustrate that distinct tunneling resistance states can be achieved through polarization reversal, as predicted by the proposed mechanism. These insights enhance the understanding of polarization-mediated TER in 2D FTJs and provide a foundation for the design of next-generation electronic devices leveraging 2D ferroelectric materials. © 2025 Author(s).

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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