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Harnessing Orbital-to-Spin Conversion of Interfacial Orbital Currents for Efficient Spin-Orbit Torques

Physical Review Letters 2020年第17期125卷 177201-177201页

作者： Shilei Ding Andrew Ross Dongwook Go Lorenzo Baldrati Zengyao Ren Frank Freimuth Sven Becker Fabian Kammerbauer Jinbo Yang Gerhard Jakob Yuriy Mokrousov Mathias Kläui State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institute of Physics Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Staudingerweg 7 55128 Mainz Germany Graduate School of Excellence Materials Science in Mainz 55128 Mainz Germany Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA 52425 Jülich Germany School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871 China Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices Beijing 100871 China Center for Quantum Spintronics Department of Physics Norwegian University of Science and Technology NO-7491 Trondheim Norway

Current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOTs) allow for the efficient electrical manipulation of magnetism in spintronic devices. Engineering the SOT efficiency is a key goal that is pursued by maximizing the active interfacial spin accumulation or modulating the nonequilibrium spin density that builds up through the spin Hall and inverse spin galvanic effects. Regardless of the origin, the fundamental requirement for the generation of the current-induced torques is a net spin accumulation. We report on the large enhancement of the SOT efficiency in thulium iron garnet (TmIG)/Pt by capping with a CuOx layer. Considering the weak spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of CuOx, these surprising findings likely result from an orbital current generated at the interface between CuOx and Pt, which is injected into the Pt layer and converted into a spin current by strong SOC. The converted spin current decays across the Pt layer and exerts a “nonlocal” torque on TmIG. This additional torque leads to a maximum colossal enhancement of the SOT efficiency of a factor 16 for 1.5 nm of Pt at room temperature, thus opening a path to increase torques while at the same time offering insights into the underlying physics of orbital transport, which has so far been elusive.

关键词： Spin current Spin torque Spin-orbit coupling

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Large-area printing of ferroelectric surface and super-domains for efficient solar water splitting

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Tian, Yu Wei, Yaqing Pei, Minghui Cao, Rongrong Gu, Zhenao Wang, Jing Liu, Kunhui Shang, Dashan Niu, Jiebin An, Xiaoqiang Long, Run Zhang, Jinxing Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China School of Basic Medical Science Air Force Medical University Shaanxi Xi’an710032 China College of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Devices and Integrated Technology Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100029 China Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Surface electronic structures of the photoelectrodes determine the activity and efficiency of the photoelectrochemical water splitting, but the controls of their surface structures and interfacial chemical reactions remain challenging. Here, we use ferroelectric BiFeO3 as a model system to demonstrate an efficient and controllable water splitting reaction by large-area constructing the hydroxyls-bonded surface. The up-shift of band edge positions at this surface enables and enhances the interfacial holes and electrons transfer through the hydroxyl-active-sites, leading to simultaneously enhanced oxygen and hydrogen evolutions. Furthermore, printing of ferroelectric super-domains with microscale checkboard up/down electric fields separates the distribution of reduction/oxidation catalytic sites, enhancing the charge separation and giving rise to an order of magnitude increase of the photocurrent. This large-area printable ferroelectric surface and super-domains offer an alternative platform for controllable and high-efficient photocatalysis. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ferroelectricity

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Selective excitation of a three-dimensionally oriented single plasmonic dipole

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Photonics Research 2019年第6期7卷 693-698页

作者： FAJUN XIAO GUANGLIN WANG XUETAO GAN WUYUN SHANG SHIYIN CAO WEIREN ZHU TING MEI MALIN PREMARATNE JIANLIN ZHAO MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology School of Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 China Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AXL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia

We experimentally demonstrate a scheme to deterministically excite a three-dimensionally oriented electric dipole in a single Au nanosphere by using a tightly focused radially polarized beam whose focal field possesses polarization states along three-dimensional(3D) orientations owing to the spatial overlap between longitudinal and radial electric field components. Experiment observations indicate that the orientation of an excited dipole moment gradually changes from out-of-plane to in-plane when the nanosphere is moved away from the beam center, which is reconfirmed by full-wave simulations. Moreover, rigorous calculation based on Mie theory reveals that a reduced effective ambient permittivity accompanies the rotation of the dipole moment, leading to a blue-shifted and narrowed resonance peak. We envision that our results could find applications in detecting the 3D orientation of isolated molecules and benefit the fine manipulation of light–matter interactions at the single-molecule level.

关键词： Selective excitation plasmonic dipole

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Recent progress in friction stir welding tools used for steels

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2018年第5期25卷 477-486页

作者： Lei Cui Chao Zhang Yong-chang Liu Xiu-guo Liu Dong-po Wang Hui-jun Li Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300354 China State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation andSafety School of Materials Science and Engineering TianjinUniversity Tianjin 300354 China Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences Universityof Wollongong Wollongong 2522 NSW Australia

Friction stir welding （FSW） technology is being increasingly attractive in welding steels on account of the high-quality weld formation and excellent weld properties. The feasibility of FSW of steels has been convinced for nearly 20 years. However, the application progress for FSW of steels is slower than that of aluminum alloys owing to the high cost and poor usability of tools. The FSW tools are called as the heart of FSW process which is critical for welding quality control and the weld microstructure and properties. The recent progresses in research and development of FSW tools for welding steels have been reviewed. Material selections, geometry parameters, wear behavior and use life of the tools are summarized from the available literatures.

关键词： Friction stir welding Steel FSW process Tool material Tool design Tool wear behavior

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Corrigendum to “A general approach to simulate the atom distribution, lattice distortion, and mechanical properties of multi-principal element alloys based on site preference: Using FCC_CoNiV and CoCrNi to demonstrate and compare” [J. Alloy. Compd. 935(1) (2023) 168016]

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2023年 955卷

作者： Rong Chen Tianliang Xie Bo Wu Liangji Weng Hamid Ali Shuwen Yang Yan Zhao Panhong Zhao Chubo Zhang Renhui Cao Jiansen Wen Qipeng Yao Qi Cai Haifeng Zhang Baisheng Sa Cuilian Wen Maohua Lin Xu Sun Hang Su Yu Liu Chunxu Wang Multiscale Computational Materials Facility Key Laboratory of Eco-Materials Advanced Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350100 China Materials Design and Manufacture Simulation Facility School of Advance Manufacturing Fuzhou University Jinjiang 362200 China Central Iron & Steel Research Institute Group Beijing 100081 China Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton 33431 USA

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All-Electric Aircraft Nose Wheel Steering System with Two Worm Gears

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2018年第1期35卷 170-180页

作者： Zhang Ming Li Chuang Wu Xin Zhu Yin Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for National Defense-Advanced Design Technology of Flight Vehicle Nanjing University of Aeronautics&AstronauticsNanjing 210016P.R.China Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shanghai 201210P.R.China Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero Electromechanical System Integration Nanjing 211106P.R.China

As all-electric aircraft has many advantages,an aircraft nose wheel steering system would be developed to the all-electric *** the control demand of the nose wheel steering system,based on the basic principles of nose wheel steering system and the design technique of mechanotronics,an all-electric aircraft nose wheel steering system,composed of a nose wheel steering mechanism of two worm gear and a control servo system of fly-by-wire with both steering and anti-shimmy functions is designed to meet the demand for operation control in the nose wheel steering ***,based on the LMS-AMESim software,the simulation model of the system is established to simulate the dynamics for the verification of its steering *** simulation results indicate that the nose wheel steering system is reasonable,and can meet the requirements of the general ***,the prototypes of the steering mechanism and control system are studied to validate the design,and the steering test bench is prepared to test the designed *** test results,such as steer angle,rotate speed of motor are analyzed in details and compared with the theoretical *** analysis and comparison results show that the design is reasonable and the property of the prototype can achieve the design objectives.

关键词： mechanotronics design nose wheel steering system all-electric aircraft design landing gear

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High and Low Temperature Resistance of Phenyl silicone rubber

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IOP Conference Series: Materials science and Engineering 2021年第1期1048卷

作者： Yanhua Huang Qiuhong Mu Zhengtao Su Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials and Application Research for vibration and Noise Reduction Beijing 100095 China Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Advanced Materials Institute Jinan 250014 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Silicone-Containing Materials Jinan 250014 China

Methyl Phenyl and diphenyl silicone rubbers were synthesized from octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane (D4), methylphenyl cyclosiloxane, octaphenyl cyclotetrasiloxane, etc. Compared with the commercial methylvinyl silicone rubber, the high and low temperature resistances of methyl vinyl silicone rubber were studied in this paper. The results showed that the introduction of phenyl groups can improve the thermal properties of silicone rubber, and the thermal stability of diphenyl silicone rubber is better than that of methyl phenyl silicone rubber. But there is little difference of mechanical properties in high temperature environment for three silicone rubber. DMTA analysis showed that there were still a small amount of crystals in diphenyl silicone rubber, while methylphenyl silicone rubber was amorphous rubber. The mechanical properties at low temperature indicated that the tensile strength of diphenyl silicone rubber was 4.1Mpa higher than that of methylphenyl silicone rubber at -70 °C due to the existence of low-temperature crystallization.

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Corrigendum to “The metallurgical bonding and high temperature tensile behaviors of 9Cr-1W steel and 316L steel dissimilar joint by friction stir welding” [J. Manuf. Process. 44 (2019) 241–251]

引用

Journal of Manufacturing Processes 2021年 65卷 354-354页

作者： Bin He Lei Cui Dongpo Wang Yongchang Liu Chenxi Liu Huijun Li Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300354 PR China State Key Lab. of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety School of Materials Science & Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300354 PR China

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Constraints on the two-dimensional pseudospin-12 Mott insulator description of Sr2IrO4

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Physical Review B 2022年第24期105卷 245130-245130页

作者： B. Zwartsenberg R. P. Day E. Razzoli M. Michiardi M. X. Na G. Zhang J. D. Denlinger I. Vobornik C. Bigi B. J. Kim I. S. Elfimov E. Pavarini A. Damascelli Quantum Matter Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada BC V6T 1Z4 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada BC V6T 1Z1 Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Germany Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State Physics HFIPS Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR Laboratorio TASC in Area Science Park S.S.14 Km 163.5 I-34149 Trieste Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universit di Milano Via Celoria 16 I-20133 Milano Italy Department of Physics Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 790-784 South Korea Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems Institute for Basic Science (IBS) 77 Cheongam-Ro Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstraße 1 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich D-52425 Jülich Germany JARA High-Performance Computing Forschungszentrum Jülich D-52425 Jülich Germany

Sr2IrO4 has often been described via a simple, one-band pseudospin-12 model subject to electron-electron interactions on a square lattice, fostering analogies with cuprate superconductors believed to be well described by a similar model. In this work we argue—based on a detailed study of the low-energy electronic structure by circularly polarized spin and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy combined with dynamical mean-field theory calculations—that a pseudospin-12 model fails to capture the full complexity of the system. We show instead that a realistic multiband Hubbard Hamiltonian, accounting for the full correlated t2g manifold, provides a detailed description of the interplay between spin-orbital entanglement and electron-electron interactions and yields quantitative agreement with experiments. Our analysis establishes that the j3/2 states make up a substantial percentage of the low-energy spectral weight, i.e., approximately 74% as determined from the integration of the j-resolved spectral function in the 0 to −1.64eV energy range. The results in our work are of relevance not only to Ir-based materials but also more generally to multiorbital materials with closely spaced energy scales.

关键词： Spin-orbit coupling High-temperature superconductors Mott insulators Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy Dynamical mean field theory Hubbard model Spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

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A ring-like accretion structure in M87 connecting its black hole and jet

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Lu, Ru-Sen Asada, Keiichi Krichbaum, Thomas P. Park, Jongho Tazaki, Fumie Pu, Hung-Yi Nakamura, Masanori Lobanov, Andrei Hada, Kazuhiro Akiyama, Kazunori Kim, Jae-Young Marti-Vidal, Ivan Gómez, José L. Kawashima, Tomohisa Yuan, Feng Ros, Eduardo Alef, Walter Britzen, Silke Bremer, Michael Broderick, Avery E. Doi, Akihiro Giovannini, Gabriele Giroletti, Marcello Ho, Paul T.P. Honma, Mareki Hughes, David H. Inoue, Makoto Jiang, Wu Kino, Motoki Koyama, Shoko Lindqvist, Michael Liu, Jun Marscher, Alan P. Matsushita, Satoki Nagai, Hiroshi Rottmann, Helge Savolainen, Tuomas Schuster, Karl-Friedrich Shen, Zhi-Qiang de Vicente, Pablo Walker, R. Craig Yang, Hai Zensus, J. Anton Algaba, Juan Carlos Allardi, Alexander Bach, Uwe Berthold, Ryan Bintley, Dan Byun, Do-Young Casadio, Carolina Chang, Shu-Hao Chang, Chih-Cheng Chang, Song-Chu Chen, Chung-Chen Chen, Ming-Tang Chilson, Ryan Chuter, Tim C. Conway, John Crew, Geoffrey B. Dempsey, Jessica T. Dornbusch, Sven Faber, Aaron Friberg, Per García, Javier González Garrido, Miguel Gómez Han, Chih-Chiang Han, Kuo-Chang Hasegawa, Yutaka Herrero-Illana, Ruben Huang, Yau-De Huang, Chih-Wei L. Impellizzeri, Violette Jiang, Homin Jinchi, Hao Jung, Taehyun Kallunki, Juha Kirves, Petri Kimura, Kimihiro Koay, Jun Yi Koch, Patrick M. Kramer, Carsten Kraus, Alex Kubo, Derek Kuo, Cheng-Yu Li, Chao-Te Lin, Lupin Chun-Che Liu, Ching-Tang Liu, Kuan-Yu Lo, Wen-Ping Lu, Li-Ming MacDonald, Nicholas Martin-Cocher, Pierre Messias, Hugo Meyer-Zhao, Zheng Minter, Anthony Nair, Dhanya G. Nishioka, Hiroaki Norton, Timothy J. Nystrom, George Ogawa, Hideo Oshiro, Peter Patel, Nimesh A. Pen, Ue-Li Pidopryhora, Yurii Pradel, Nicolas Raffin, Philippe A. Rao, Ramprasad Ruiz, Ignacio Sanchez, Salvador Shaw, Paul Snow, William Sridharan, T.K. Srinivasan, Ranjani Tercero, Belén Torne, Pablo Traianou, Efthalia Wagner, Jan Walther, Craig Wei, Ta-Shun Yang, Jun Yu, Chen-Yu Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Bonn Germany Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Daejeon Korea Republic of Simulation Technology Development Department Tokyo Electron Technology Solutions Oshu Japan Mizusawa VLBI Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Oshu Japan Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Center of Astronomy and Gravitation National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of General Science and Education National Institute of Technology Hachinohe College Hachinohe City Japan Department of Astronomical Science The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI Mitaka Japan Black Hole Initiative Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory WestfordMA United States National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Mitaka Japan Department of Astronomy and Atmospheric Sciences Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea Republic of Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica Universitat de València Valencia Spain Observatori Astronòmic Universitat de València Valencia Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Granada Spain Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo Chiba Japan Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique Saint Martin d’Hères France Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo WaterlooON Canada Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics University of Waterloo WaterlooON Canada Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics WaterlooON Canada Institute of Space and Astron

The nearby radio galaxy M87 is a prime target for studying black hole accretion and jet formation1,2. Event Horizon Telescope observations of M87 in 2017, at a wavelength of 1.3 mm, revealed a ring-like structure, which was interpreted as gravitationally lensed emission around a central black hole3. Here we report images of M87 obtained in 2018, at a wavelength of 3.5 mm, showing that the compact radio core is spatially resolved. High-resolution imaging shows a ring-like structure of 8. 4!1.1$0.5 Schwarzschild radii in diameter, approximately 50% larger than that seen at 1.3 mm. The outer edge at 3.5 mm is also larger than that at 1.3 mm. This larger and thicker ring indicates a substantial contribution from the accretion flow with absorption effects in addition to the gravitationally lensed ring-like emission. The images show that the edge–brightened jet connects to the accretion flow of the black hole. Close to the black hole, the emission profile of the jet-launching region is wider than the expected profile of a black -hole-driven jet, suggesting the possible presence of a wind associated with the accretion flow. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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