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Rethinking Lightweight Convolutional Neural Networks for Efficient and High-quality Pavement Crack Detection

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arXiv

arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Kai Yang, Jie Ma, Siwei Wang, Bo Wang, Shanshe Tian, Yingjie Qi, Zhiquan School of Computer Science Institute of Digital Media Peking University Beijing100871 China School of Mathematics Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Hangzhou310005 China School of Information Technology and Management University of International Business and Economics Beijing100029 China Research Center on Fictitious Economy and Data Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China MOE Social Science Laboratory of Digital Economic Forecasts and Policy Simulation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 3 South Yitiao Zhongguancun Haidian District Beijing100190 China

Pixel-level road crack detection has always been a challenging task in intelligent transportation systems. Due to the external environments, such as weather, light, and other factors, pavement cracks often present low contrast, poor continuity, and different sizes in length and width. However, most of the existing studies pay less attention to crack data under different situations. Meanwhile, recent algorithms based on deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have promoted the development of cutting-edge models for crack detection. Nevertheless, they usually focus on complex models for good performance, but ignore detection efficiency in practical applications. In this article, to address the first issue, we collected two new databases (i.e. Rain365 and Sun520) captured in rainy and sunny days respectively, which enrich the data of the open source community. For the second issue, we reconsider how to improve detection efficiency with excellent performance, and then propose our lightweight encoder-decoder architecture termed CarNet. Specifically, we introduce a novel olive-shaped structure for the encoder network, a light-weight multi-scale block and a new up-sampling method in the decoder network. Numerous experiments show that our model can better balance detection performance and efficiency compared with previous models. Especially, on the Sun520 dataset, our CarNet significantly advances the state-of-the-art performance with ODS F-score from 0.488 to 0.514. Meanwhile, it does so with an improved detection speed (104 frame per second) which is orders of magnitude faster than some recent DCNNs-based algorithms specially designed for crack detection. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolution

Corrigendum to “Strong convergence theorem of a new modified Bregman extragradient method to solve fixed point problems and variational inequality problems in general reflexive Banach spaces [Communications in Nonlinear science and Numerical simulation, 135, (2024): CNSNS 108051]

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Communications in Nonlinear science and Numerical simulation 2024年 138卷

作者： Huilin Tan Qian Yan Gang Cai Qiaoli Dong School of Mathematical Sciences Chongqing Normal University College of Sciences Chongqing University of Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Signal Processing and College of Science Civil Aviation University of China

Walk the Line: The Role of Gender and Culture on the Movement Patterns of Pedestrians Based on a Multicultural Study

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chraibi, Mohcine Feliciani, Claudio Haghani, Milad Jia, Xiaolu Ma, Jian Institute of Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße Jülich52428 Germany School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo153-8904 Japan Sydney SydneyNSW2052 Australia Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering Beijing University of Technology 100 Pingleyuan Chaoyang District Beijing100124 China School of Transportation and Logistics Southwest Jiaotong University 999 Xi’an Road Pidu District Sichuan Chengdu611756 China

Experimental work has opened new avenues for studying crowd behavior under well-controlled conditions with desirable levels of measurement accuracy. However, unlike many other areas of behavioral science, little attention has been paid to how reproducible and transferable crowd phenomena are between different populations. As such, there is only limited knowledge about how universal and generalizable experimental observations on crowd behavior *** research explores how gender and culture impact pedestrian dynamics in single-file movement, a topic previously studied in isolation through disjointed and varied experiments. Here, for the first time, and as an attempt to investigate external validity and generalizability across cultures, we conduct the same experiment in five different countries. Each experiment examines the effects of varying gender compositions on single-file pedestrian *** observed consistent effects of different gender compositions on pedestrian movement across countries, with no significant deviations in the fundamental diagrams, especially in the bounded regime. Although there was some variability in acceleration behavior across countries. Interaction levels, clustering behavior, and pedestrian spacing patterns remained consistent between different gender compositions and countries. These results suggest that, while the behavior of collective motion varies by culture and gender composition, most aspects of pedestrian movement exhibit universal traits. Understanding these variations and commonalities can allow for better infrastructure design and planning tailored to the population of interest. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Behavioral research

Space-charge effect of the time-varying electron injection in a diode: classical and relativistic regimes

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arXiv

arXiv 2017年

作者： Liu, Yangjié Tang, Qi Wu, Biyi Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science Hubei University Hubei Collaboration Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Ferro & Piezoelectric Materials and Devices WuhanHubei Province430062 China Antennas Group School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London E1 4NS Mile End East London United Kingdom Department of Mathematical Sciences Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute United States Center for Electromagnetic Simulation Beijing Institute of Technology Haidian District Beijing China

Conventionally, space-charge (SC) limited current density is defined as the maximal current density allowed to traverse a diode under a DC voltage when a time-invariant flow is injected from the cathode. In this work, we study the SC limited current density under a time-varying injection for both classical and relativistic regimes and determine the maximal amount of limited current density under certain conditions. Our simulations show that it is unlikely that a time-varying injection emitted from cathode exceeds the known SC limits, in either classical or relativistic regime. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Current density

An Efficient Plasma Regeneration of As-Poisoned V2O5-Based Catalyst for Simultaneous Poison Removal and Activity Enhancement

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yin, Yong Li, Kezhi Jiang, Si Peng, Yue Zhu, Tianle Sun, Yifei Li, Junhua Li, Xiang School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Institute of Engineering Technology Sinopec Catalyst Co. Ltd. Beijing101111 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Hainan University Haikou570228 China Research Center for Advanced Energy and Carbon Neutrality Beihang University Beijing100191 China

Regeneration of highly toxic Arsenic (As) poisoned SCR catalysts is a huge challenge, because the strong interactions between As and the active component often leads to the loss or damage of active sites during the regeneration process. Herein, we develop a low-temperature plasma regeneration method that not only selectively removes As but also preserves the active components for commercial V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst. More intriguingly, the catalyst after plasma regeneration achieves a significant catalytic performance enhancement, far surpassing the fresh V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst. Under optimized regeneration conditions, the regenerated catalyst exhibits an As removal rate exceeding 99.5 ± 0.2% within 240 s, and a TOF value that was 11.1 and 2.4 times of the poisoned and fresh catalyst. Structural characterization reveals that the enhanced intrinsic activity of regenerated catalyst mainly stems from the As complete removal and subsequent transformation of monomeric VOx species into polymeric ones under H2 plasma environment. Multiple spectroscopic monitoring techniques unveil three stages in the plasma treatment process: (1) As reduction and removal, (2) surface polymerization of VOx species, and (3) vanadium embedded into TiO2 lattice. At low temperatures, the well regenerated catalysts with abundant polymeric VOx facilitate the nitrate-assisted dehydrogenation of adsorbed NH3 to key NH2 intermediates, thereby achieving superior NH3-SCR catalytic performance. This study not only provides a rapid regeneration strategy for poison selective separation from spent catalysts but also offers new insights into the precise control and design of active sites. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Temperature

Resolving Nanograin Morphology and Sub-Grain Nanodomains Via Scanning Probe Acoustic Microscopy in Batio3 Ferroelectric Films for Energy Storage Applications

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ouyang, Jun Xue, Yinxiu Yuan, Meiling Song, Chuanqi Wang, Kun Zhao, Yuyao Cheng, Hongbo Zhu, Hanfei Liu, Chao Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Chemistry Jinan Engineering Laboratory for Multi-Scale Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Shandong Jinan250353 China Key Laboratory of Key Film Materials & Application for Equipment School of Material Sciences and Engineering Xiangtan University Hunan Xiangtan411105 China Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University Shandong Jinan250061 China Academic Affairs Office Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin300300 China China Tobacco Shandong Industrial Co. Ltd. Shandong Jinan250014 China

Energy storage property of a dielectric is closely tied with its nanostructure. In this study, we aimed to achieve a deep understanding of this relationship in high energy density ferroelectric ceramic films, by probing into the nanograin and sub-grain nanostructures in polycrystalline BaTiO3 films integrated on Si. Through scanning probe acoustic microscopy analyses, it was revealed that the BaTiO3 films directly grown on Pt/Ti/Si consist of large discontinuous columnar nanograins, while those grown on LaNiO3-buffered Pt/Ti/Si substrates display a continuous columnar nanograin microstructure. Furthermore, ultrafine ferroelastic domains of ~ 10 nm wide were revealed inside the grains of the buffered BaTiO3 films, while those unbuffered films showed about ~50% increase in the domain width. The dielectric properties of the BaTiO3 films, including the energy storage performance, are well correlated with their characteristic nanostructures. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ferroelectric films

Evolution of N = 20, 28, 50 shell closures in the 20 6 Z 6 30 region in deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum

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arXiv

arXiv 2023年

作者： Zheng, Ru-You Sun, Xiang-Xiang Shen, Guo-Fang Geng, Li-Sheng School of Physics Beihang University Beijing102206 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Institut für Kernphysik Institute for Advanced Simulation Jülich Center for Hadron Physics Forschungszentrum Jülich JülichD-52425 Germany CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education Beihang University Beijing100191 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics Beihang University Beijing102206 China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Province Huizhou516000 China

Magicity, or shell closure, plays an important role in our understanding of complex nuclear phenomena. In this work, we employ one of the state-of-the-art density functional theories, the deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum (DRHBc) with the density functional PC-PK1, to investigate the evolution of the N = 20, 28, 50 shell closures in the 20 6 Z 6 30 region. We show how these three conventional shell closures evolve from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line by studying the charge radii, two-neutron separation energies, two-neutron gaps, quadrupole deformations, and single-particle levels. In particular, we find that in the 21 6 Z 6 27 region, the N = 50 shell closure disappears or becomes quenched, mainly due to the deformation effects. Similarly, both experimental data and theoretical predictions indicate that the N = 28 shell closure disappears in the Mn isotopic chain, also predominantly due to the deformation effects. The DRHBc theory predicts the existence of the N = 20 shell closure in the Ca, Sc, and Ti isotopic chains, but the existing data for the Ti isotopes suggests the contrary, and therefore more investigations are needed. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neutrons

Corrigendum to “Preparation and performance of thermal barrier coatings made of BNw-containing modified Nd 2 O 3 -doped yttria-stabilized zirconia” [Ceram. Int. 46 (2019) 500–507]

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Ceramics International 2020年第5期46卷 6999-6999页

作者： Tian Haoliang Wang Changliang Guo Mengqiu Gao Junguo Cui Yongjing Jin Guo Liu Erbao Wang Fuyuan Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Corrosion and Protection for Aviation Material Beijing Aero Engine Corporation of China Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials Beijing 100095 China College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China

Thin Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes with Metal-Organic Coordination Complexes Stabilized Cnts Interlayer for Enhanced Removal of Trace Organic Contaminants

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liu, Lin Mei, Ying Lin, Xiaocheng Li, Weiyi Liu, Xin Fan, Fuqiang Yang, Yi Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences Beijing Normal University Zhuhai Campus Zhuhai519087 China State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Fujian Fuzhou350116 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518005 China Center for Water Research Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China College of Education for the Future Faculty of Arts and Sciences Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China

Reverse osmosis (RO) has been recognized as a reliable technique for wastewater reclamation. To enhance its rejection of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs), a novel strategy was proposed to improve reverse osmosis (RO) membranes by fabricating thin-film nanocomposite membrane (TFNi) with a TA-Fe3+/CNTs interlayer. The TFNi-30 membrane was obtained by optimizing the loading capacity. This optimized membrane gave rise to an enhanced water permeance of 3.2 ± 0.2 L m-2 h-1 bar-1, which was two times higher than that of the control membrane (1.1 ± 0.2 L m-2 h-1 bar-1), while achieving a considerably higher rejection of inorganic salts and trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) thanks to the formation of a denser polyamide rejection layer. In addition, the specific roles of the interlayer structure in determining the separation performance of RO membranes were investigated by tailoring the support-free RO membranes and comparing them with the conventional membranes. This study would provide a peer reference for designing high performance RO membranes for wastewater reclamation via the TFNi strategy. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reverse osmosis