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Adaptive unimodal cost volume filtering for deep stereo matching

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhang, Youmin Chen, Yimin Bai, Xiao Yu, Suihanjin Yu, Kun Li, Zhiwei Yang, Kuiyuan State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Jiangxi Research Institute Beihang University Beijing China DeepMotion

State-of-the-art deep learning based stereo matching approaches treat disparity estimation as a regression problem, where loss function is directly defined on true disparities and their estimated ones. However, disparity is just a byproduct of a matching process modeled by cost volume, while indirectly learning cost volume driven by disparity regression is prone to overfitting since the cost volume is under constrained. In this paper, we propose to directly add constraints to the cost volume by filtering cost volume with unimodal distribution peaked at true disparities. In addition, variances of the unimodal distributions for each pixel are estimated to explicitly model matching uncertainty under different contexts. The proposed architecture achieves state-of-the-art performance on Scene Flow and two KITTI stereo benchmarks. In particular, our method ranked the 1st place of KITTI 2012 evaluation and the 4th place of KITTI 2015 evaluation (recorded on 2019.8.20). The codes of AcfNet are available at: https://***/DeepMotionAIResearch/ DenseMatchingBenchmark. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Uncertainty analysis

Grain-growth Inhibitor with Three-section-sintering for Highly Dispersed Single-crystal NCM90 Cubes

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第2期136卷

作者： Dr. Hao Huang Hongjian Zhu Dr. Jian Gao Dr. Jiantao Wang Prof. Minhua Shao Prof. Weidong Zhou Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Contribution: Data curation (lead) Investigation (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Contribution: Investigation (supporting) China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing 101407 China Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Supervision (supporting) Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong 999077 China Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Software (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Supervision (lead) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (lead)

Single crystallization of LiNi x Co y Mn 1-x-y O 2 (NCM) is currently an effective strategy to improve the cycling life of NCM cathode, owing to the reduced surface area and enhanced mechanical strength, but the application of single crystal NCM(SC-NCM) is being hindered by severe particle agglomeration and poor C-rate performance. Here, a strategy of three-section-sintering(TSS) with the presence of grain-growth inhibitor was proposed, in which, the TSS includes three sections of phase-formation, grain-growth and phase-preservation. While, the addition of MoO 3 inhibits the grain growth and restrains the particle agglomeration. With the help of TSS and 1 mol % of MoO 3 , highly dispersed surface Mo-doped SC-NCM(MSC-NCM) cubes are obtained with the average diameter of 1.3 μm. Benefiting from the surface Mo-doping and the reduced surface energy, the Li + -migration preferred (1 0 4) crystalline facet is exposed as the dominant plane in MSC-NCM cubes, because of which, C-rate performance is significantly improved compared with the regular SC-NCM. Furthermore, this preparation strategy is compatible well with the current industrial production line, providing an easy way for the large-scale production of SC-NCM.

关键词： Cathode Cube Grain Growth Inhibitor Lithium-Ion Batteries Single Crystal

Fine-grained event categorization with heterogeneous graph convolutional networks

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Peng, Hao Li, Jianxin Gong, Qiran Song, Yangqiu Ning, Yuanxing Lai, Kunfeng Yu, Philip S. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Platform and Content Group Tencent Institute for Data Science Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Chicago United States

Events are happening in real-world and real-time, which can be planned and organized occasions involving multiple people and objects. Social media platforms publish a lot of text messages containing public events with comprehensive topics. However, mining social events is challenging due to the heterogeneous event elements in texts and explicit and implicit social network structures. In this paper, we design an event meta-schema to characterize the semantic relatedness of social events and build an event-based heterogeneous information network (HIN) integrating information from external knowledge base, and propose a novel Pairwise Popularity Graph Convolutional Network (PP-GCN) based fine-grained social event categorization model. We propose a Knowledgeable meta-paths Instances based social Event Similarity (KIES) between events and build a weighted adjacent matrix as input to the PP-GCN model. Comprehensive experiments on real data collections are conducted to compare various social event detection and clustering tasks. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed framework outperforms other alternative social event categorization techniques. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Information services

The Extreme Space Weather Event of 1872 February: Sunspots, Magnetic Disturbance, and Auroral Displays

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hayakawa, Hisashi Cliver, Edward W. Clette, Frédéric Ebihara, Yusuke Toriumi, Shin Ermolli, Ilaria Chatzistergos, Theodosios Hattori, Kentaro Knipp, Delores J. Blake, Séan P. Cauzzi, Gianna Reardon, Kevin Bourdin, Philippe-A Just, Dorothea Vokhmyanin, Mikhail Matsumoto, Keitaro Miyoshi, Yoshizumi Ribeiro, José R. Correia, Ana P. Willis, David M. Wild, Matthew N. Silverman, Sam M. Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research and Institute for Advanced Researches Nagoya University Nagoya4648601 Japan Science and Technology Facilities Council RAL Space Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell Campus DidcotOX11 0QX United Kingdom National Solar Observatory BoulderCO80303 United States World Data Center SILSO Observatoire Royal de Belgique Brussels1180 Belgium Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere Kyoto University Uji6100011 Japan Unit of Synergetic Studies for Space Kyoto University Kyoto6068306 Japan Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Kanagawa Sagamihara2525210 Japan INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Monte Porzio CatoneI-00078 Italy Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research GöttingenD-37077 Germany Faculty of Societal Safety Sciences Kansai University Takatsuki5691116 Japan Smead Aerospace Engineering Sciences Department 429 UCB University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Heliophysics Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States Catholic University of America WashingtonDC United States University of Graz Institute of Physics Universitätsplatz 5 Graz8010 Austria Institut für Weltraumforschung Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Graz8042 Austria University of Oulu OuluFI-90014 Finland Escola Secundária Henrique Medina Esposende Av. Dr. Henrique Barros Lima Esposende4740-203 Portugal 18 Ingleside Road LexingtonMA02420 United States

We review observations of solar activity, geomagnetic variation, and auroral visibility for the extreme geomagnetic storm on 1872 February 4. The extreme storm (referred to here as the Chapman-Silverman storm) apparently originated from a complex active region of moderate area (≈ 500 μsh) that was favorably situated near disk center (S19° E05°). There is circumstantial evidence for an eruption from this region at 9-10 UT on 1872 February 3, based on the location, complexity, and evolution of the region, and on reports of prominence activations, which yields a plausible transit time of ≈29 hr to Earth. Magnetograms show that the storm began with a sudden commencement at ≈14:27 UT and allow a minimum Dst estimate of £ −834 nT. Overhead aurorae were credibly reported at Jacobabad (British India) and Shanghai (China), both at 19°.9 in magnetic latitude (MLAT) and 24°.2 in invariant latitude (ILAT). Auroral visibility was reported from 13 locations with MLAT below |20|° for the 1872 storm (ranging from |10°.0|-|19°.9| MLAT) versus one each for the 1859 storm (|17°.3| MLAT) and the 1921 storm (|16.°2| MLAT). The auroral extension and conservative storm intensity indicate a magnetic storm of comparable strength to the extreme storms of 1859 September (25°.1 ± 0°.5 ILAT and −949 ± 31 nT) and 1921 May (27°.1 ILAT and −907 ± 132 nT), which places the 1872 storm among the three largest magnetic storms yet observed. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Geomagnetism

Universal Sub-Nanoreactor Strategy for Synthesis of Yolk-Shell MoS2Supported Single Atom Electrocatalysts toward Robust Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第40期135卷

作者： Feilong Gong Yuheng Liu Yang Zhao Prof. Wei Liu Prof. Guang Zeng Prof. Guoqing Wang Prof. Yonghui Zhang Lihua Gong Prof. Jian Liu Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science and Technology of Henan Province College of Material and Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Funding acquisition (lead) Investigation (lead) Visualization (equal) Writing - original draft (lead) Contribution: Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Validation (equal) Visualization (equal) State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 P. R. China Contribution: Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Resources (equal) Validation (equal) Visualization (equal) Contribution: Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Contribution: Data curation (equal) Methodology (equal) Software (equal) Validation (equal) Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Software (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (lead) Software (lead) Writing - review & editing (equal) DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials Department of Chemical and Process Engineering and Advanced Technology Institute of University of Surrey Guildford Surrey GU2 7XH UK College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010021 P. R. China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Formal analysis (equal) Funding acquisition (equal) Project administration (lead) Supervision (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead)

The coordination structure determines the electrocatalytic performances of single atom catalysts (SACs), while it remains a challenge to precisely regulate their spatial location and coordination environment. Herein, we report a universal sub-nanoreactor strategy for synthesis of yolk-shell MoS 2 supported single atom electrocatalysts with dual-anchored microenvironment of vacancy-enriched MoS 2 and intercalation carbon toward robust hydrogen-evolution reaction. Theoretical calculations reveal that the “E-Lock” and “E-Channel” are conducive to stabilize and activate metal single atoms. A group of SACs is subsequently produced with the assistance of sulfur vacancy and intercalation carbon in the yolk-shell sub-nanoreactor. The optimized C−Co−MoS 2 yields the lowest overpotential (η 10 =17 mV) compared with previously reported MoS 2 -based electrocatalysts to date, and also affords a 5–9 fold improvement in activity even comparing with those as-prepared single-anchored analogues. Theoretical results and in situ characterizations unveil its active center and durability. This work provides a universal pathway to design efficient catalysts for electro-refinery.

关键词： Electrocatalyst Nanostructures Sub-Nanoreactor Universal Strategy Water Splitting

Fault-tolerant coherent H∞ control for linear quantum systems

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Liu, Yanan Dong, Daoyi Petersen, Ian R. Gao, Qing Ding, Steven X. Yokoyama, Shota Yonezawa, Hidehiro School of Engineering and Information Technology University of New South Wales CanberraACT2600 Australia Center for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology Australian Research Council CanberraACT2600 Australia University of Duisburg-Essen Duisburg47057 Germany Research School of Electrical Energy and Materials Engineering Australian National University CanberraACT2601 Australia School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing100191 China

Robustness and reliability are two key requirements for developing practical quantum control systems. The purpose of this paper is to design a coherent feedback controller for a class of linear quantum systems suffering from Markovian jumping faults so that the closed-loop quantum system has both fault tolerance and H∞ disturbance attenuation performance. This paper first extends the physical realization conditions from the time-invariant case to the time-varying case for linear stochastic quantum systems. By relating the fault tolerant H∞ control problem to the dissipation properties and the solutions of Riccati differential equations, an H∞ controller for the quantum system is then designed by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). In particular, an algorithm is employed to introduce additional noises and to construct the corresponding input matrices to ensure the physical realizability of the quantum controller. For real applications of the developed fault-tolerant control strategy, we present a linear quantum system example from quantum optics, where the amplitude of the pumping field randomly jumps among different values. It is demonstrated that a quantum H∞ controller can be designed and implemented using some basic optical components to achieve the desired control goal. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Controllers

Machine-learned molecular mechanics force field for the simulation of protein-ligand systems and beyond

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Takaba, Kenichiro Pulido, Iván Behara, Pavan Kumar Cavender, Chapin E. Friedman, Anika J. Henry, Michael M. MacDermott-Opeskin, Hugo Iacovella, Christopher R. Nagle, Arnav M. Payne, Alexander Matthew Shirts, Michael R. Mobley, David L. Chodera, John D. Wang, Yuanqing Computational and Systems Biology Program Sloan Kettering Institute Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New YorkNY10065 United States Pharmaceuticals Research Center Advanced Drug Discovery Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation Shizuoka410-2321 Japan Center for Neurotherapeutics Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of California 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Open Molecular Software Foundation DavisCA95618 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Tri-Institutional Ph.D. Program in Chemical Biology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New YorkNY10065 United States Simons Center for Computational Physical Chemistry Center for Data Science New York University New YorkNY10004 United States

The development of reliable and extensible molecular mechanics (MM) force fields—fast, empirical models characterizing the potential energy surface of molecular systems—is indispensable for biomolecular simulation and computer-aided drug design. Here, we introduce a generalized and extensible machine-learned MM force field, espaloma-0.3, and an end-to-end differentiable framework using graph neural networks to overcome the limitations of traditional rule-based methods. Trained in a single GPU-day to fit a large and diverse quantum chemical dataset of over 1.1M energy and force calculations, espaloma-0.3 reproduces quantum chemical energetic properties of chemical domains highly relevant to drug discovery, including small molecules, peptides, and nucleic acids. Moreover, this force field maintains the quantum chemical energy-minimized geometries of small molecules and preserves the condensed phase properties of peptides, self-consistently parametrizing proteins and ligands to produce stable simulations leading to highly accurate predictions of binding free energies. This methodology demonstrates significant promise as a path forward for systematically building more accurate force fields that are easily extensible to new chemical domains of interest. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum chemistry

A Compartmentalized Nanoreactor Formed by Interfacial Hydrogelation for Cascade Enzyme Catalytic Therapy

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第15期135卷

作者： Xingyue He Qing Wu Chen Hou Min Hu Qigang Wang Xia Wang School of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital School of Medicine Tongji University Shanghai 200434 China Contribution: Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Methodology (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Methodology (equal) Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) from Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201204 China Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Formal analysis (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Software (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Formal analysis (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Project administration (lead) Supervision (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Project administration (lead) Supervision (lead) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (lead)

Some cellular enzymatic pathways are located within a single organelle, while most others involve enzymes that are located within multiple compartmentalized cellular organelles to realize the efficient multi-step enzymatic process. Herein, bioinspired by enzyme-mediated biosynthesis and biochemical defense, a compartmented nanoreactor (Burr-NCs@Gl SOD ) was constructed through a self-confined catalysis strategy with burr defect-engineered molybdenum disulfide/Prussian blue analogues (MoS 2 /PBA) and an interfacial diffusion-controlled hydrogel network. The specific catalytic mechanism of the laccase-like superactivity induced hydrogelation and cascade enzyme catalytic therapy were explored. The confined hydrogelation strategy introduces a versatile means for nanointerface functionalization and provides insight into biological construction of simulated enzymes with comparable activity and also the specificity to natural enzymes.

关键词： Cascade Catalysis Enzymatic Hydrogelation Interfacial Functionalization Tumor Therapy

Moisture-Accelerated Precursor Crystallisation in Ambient Air for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells toward Mass Production

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第42期134卷

作者： Weili Fan Dr. Kaimo Deng Ying Shen Prof. Yang Bai Prof. Liang Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing 100083 P. R. China Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Methodology (equal) Software (lead) Writing - original draft (equal) School of Physical Science and Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films Soochow University Suzhou 215006 P. R. China Contribution: Data curation (equal) Funding acquisition (equal) Methodology (equal) Project administration (equal) Contribution: Methodology (equal) Software (equal) Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal) Methodology (equal) Project administration (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Funding acquisition (lead) Project administration (lead)

Phase-pure crystallised perovskite is considered an excellent precursor for fabricating high-stability perovskite films with minimal defects. However, currently available protocols for synthesising crystallised perovskites must be conducted in an inert atmosphere or in the presence of an organic solvent as the reaction medium, which hinders mass production. Here, we report the fast synthesis of α-phase-crystallised perovskite powder assisted by moisture in ambient air. Moisture can promote the reaction between PbI 2 and organic salts and facilitate complete phase transition, as demonstrated in a joint experimental and theoretical study. Perovskite solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 24.07 % were achieved using phase-pure crystallised perovskite powder as the precursor. This ambient-air-compatible method opens new vistas to reproducible high-quality precursors for large-scale photovoltaic applications.

关键词： Moisture Perovskite Solar Cells Precursor Crystallization Stability