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arXiv 2025年

作者： Huang, Huishi Wang, Haozhe Fang, Chongyu Yan, Mingge Xu, Ruochen Zhang, Yiyuan Wang, Zhanchi Ying, Fengkang Liu, Jun Laschi, Cecilia Ang, Marcelo H. Advanced Robotics Centre National University of Singapore 117608 Singapore Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme National University of Singapore Graduate School 119077 Singapore School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230027 China 138632 Singapore

—The logarithmic spiral is observed as a common pattern in several living beings across kingdoms and species. Some examples include fern shoots, prehensile tails, and soft limbs like octopus arms and elephant trunks. In the latter cases, spiraling is also used for grasping. Motivated by how this strategy simplifies behavior into kinematic primitives and combines them to develop smart grasping movements, this work focuses on the elephant trunk, which is more deeply investigated in the literature. We present a soft arm combined with a rigid robotic system to replicate elephant grasping capabilities based on the combination of a soft trunk with a solid body. In our system, the rigid arm ensures positioning and orientation, mimicking the role of the elephant’s head, while the soft manipulator reproduces trunk motion primitives of bending and twisting under proper actuation patterns. This synergy replicates 9 distinct elephant grasping strategies reported in the literature, accommodating objects of varying shapes and sizes. The synergistic interaction between the rigid and soft components of the system minimizes the control complexity while maintaining a high degree of adaptability. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robotic arms

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Chaotic Map based Compression Approach to Classification

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Harikrishnan, N.B. Vats, Anuja Nagaraj, Nithin Pedersen, Marius Department of Computer Science and Information Systems BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus Goa 403726 India Adjunct Faculty Consciousness Studies Programme National Institute of Advanced Studies Indian Institute of Science Campus Bengaluru560012 India Department of Computer Science Norwegian Institute of Science and Technology Gjøvik Norway Complex Systems Programme National Institute of Advanced Studies Indian Institute of Science Campus Karnataka Bengaluru560012 India

Modern machine learning approaches often prioritize performance at the cost of increased complexity, computational demands, and reduced interpretability. This paper introduces a novel framework that challenges this trend by reinterpreting learning from an information-theoretic perspective, viewing it as a search for encoding schemes that capture intrinsic data structures through compact representations. Rather than following the conventional approach of fitting data to complex models, we propose a fundamentally different method that maps data to intervals of initial conditions in a dynamical system. Our GLS (Generalized Lüroth Series) coding compression classifier employs skew tent maps - a class of chaotic maps - both for encoding data into initial conditions and for subsequent recovery. The effectiveness of this simple framework is noteworthy, with performance closely approaching that of well-established machine learning methods. On the breast cancer dataset, our approach achieves 92.98% accuracy, comparable to Naive Bayes at 94.74%. While these results do not exceed state-of-the-art performance, the significance of our contribution lies not in outperforming existing methods but in demonstrating that a fundamentally simpler, more interpretable approach can achieve competitive results. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Encoding (symbols)

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Effect of various ratios of poly(3-hexylthiophene)with polyvinyl alcohol gel-polymer electrolytes in flexible sodium-ion batteries using Samanea saman tree-leaf-derived carbon quantum dots decorated with SnO_(2)and NaVO_(3)

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Clean Energy 2022年第1期6卷 226-237页

作者： Baskar Thangaraj Nutthapon Wongyao Pravin Raj Solomon Wachira Chaiworn Surawut Chuangchote Werasak Surareungchai Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute King Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkhuntien-chaitalay RoadThakamBangkok 10150Thailand Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Research and Engineering Center Pilot Plant Development and Training InstituteKing Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkok 10140Thailand Department of Research and Development Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research InstituteMadurai 625009Tamil NaduIndia Department of Tool and Materials Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKing Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangmodBangkok 10140Thailand Research Center of Advanced Materials for Energy and Environmental Technology King Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangmodBangkok 10140Thailand School of Bioresources and Technology Nanoscience&Nanotechnology Graduate ProgrammeFaculty of ScienceKing Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkhuntien-chaitalay RoadThakamBangkok 10150Thailand

Gel-polymer electrolytes with high thermal stability and mechanical properties were considered suitable in rechargeable batteries so as to overcome the problems encountered in liquid *** a previous study,flexible sodium-ion batteries(FSIBs)were fabri-cated using electrodes made of carbon quantum dots(CQDs)decorated with SnO_(2) and NaVO_(3) utilizing a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/P3HT gel-polymer electrolyte at a ratio of 1:*** addition,various separators such as indium-doped tin oxide/polyoxyethylene tridecyl ether(ITO/PTE),rice paper(RP),silicone with three big holes(SIL BH),silicone with many small holes(SIL SH)and cellulose paper(CP)were tested in flexible Na-ion *** SIL SH delivered a high specific discharge capacity of 4246 mAh g^(-1) in the initial cycle at 2 V and maintained a value of 71 mAh g^(-1) in the 50th *** the aim of improving the cyclic ability of FSIBs,different weight ratios of PVA/P3HT(1:0.025,1:0.05,1:0.1,1:0.15,1:0.2)were tried in this work using the electrodes CQDs@SnO_(2) and CQDs@NaVO_(3).The above ratios were referred to as B25,B50,B100,B150 and B200,*** SH was used as a *** voltammetry studies indicated that B150 had a high specific capacitance of 13062 F g^(-1).B25 and B100 exhibited high discharge capacities(171 mAh g^(-1))and(151 mAh g^(-1))compared to that of other ratios B50(75 mAh g^(-1)),B150(88 mAh g^(-1))and B200(54 mAh g^(-1))in the 50th cycle at 2.0 *** study reveals the scope of developing FSIBs of high capacity and cyclability at different voltages using carbonaceous electrodes and gel-polymer electrolytes with different ratios of PVA/*** focus of the present study is to bring out the optimum ratio of PVA/P3HT for maximizing the cyclic ability of FSIBs.

关键词： biomass carbon quantum dots gel-polymer electrolytes energy storage flexible Na-ion battery

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Superior comprehensive properties of LaFe_(11.8)Si_(1.2)/Ce_(60)Co_(40) magnetocaloric composites

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1073-1086,I0003页

作者： Xichun Zhong Yuanxin Li Yucai Wu Jiaohong Huang Cuilan Liu Jian Liu Zhongwu Liu Minglong Zhong Zhenchen Zhong R.V.Ramanujan School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths Baotou014030China Center for Advanced Solidification Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Jiangxi KeyLaboratory for Rare Earth Magnetic Materials and Devices&Institute for Rare Earth Magnetic Materials and Devices(IREMMD) Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise(SHARE) The Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics(SGSR)ProgrammeCampus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE)138602Singapor

LaFe_(11.8)Si_(1.2)/10 wt%Ce_(60)Co_(40) composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering and subsequent diffusion annealing.A novel core-shell structure is observed with the LaFe11.8Si1.2 particles as the core and the(La,Ce)_(2)(Fe,Co,Si)_(17)(2:17)phase as the *** diffusion annealing time(t_(a))increases,this core-shell structure is replaced by the formation of the(La,Ce)_(1)(Fe,Co,Si)_(13) *** at 1323 K for 12 h results in samples with(-ΔSM)^(max) of 9.30 J/(kg·K)(Δμ0H=2 T),good mechanical properties((σbc)^(max)=402 MPa,ε=4.21%)and thermal conductivity of 8.7 W/(m·K).Thus,bulk composites with excellent comprehensive properties for magnetic refrigeration are obtained in this work.

关键词： LaFe_(11.8)Si_(1.2)/Ce_(60)Co_(40)composites Spark plasma sintering Diffusion annealing Microstructure evolution Magnetocaloric effect Rareearths

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Current advances in fabric-based airbag material selection, design and challenges for adoption in futuristic automobile applications

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2024年 107卷 158-165页

作者： M.S. Parvez M.M. Rahman M. Samykano Mohammad Yeakub Ali Automotive Engineering Research Group Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26600 Pekan Pahang Malaysia Department of Textile Engineering Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET) Khulna 9203 Bangladesh Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes (CARIFF) Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang Kuantan Pahang Malaysia Mechanical Engineering Programme Area Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Brunei Tungku Highway Gadong BE 1410 Brunei Darussalam

Airbags in vehicles play a pivotal role in ensuring occupants' safety for a long time. With the advent of the latest technology, the airbag has elevated from a mere piece of clothing to a functional interface. A variety of airbags are being introduced in multiple vital positions of a vehicle to mitigate injuries in car accidents. Apart from saving lives, the global airbag market is also expanding at a staggering speed, and the estimated value is worth USD 48.10 Billion by 2030 at a CAGR of 7% from the years 2022 to 2030. Additionally, Airbag fabric is evolving lighter from coated to uncoated fabric to fit with the emergence of lightweight materials. And more preferences are given to the materials to be more durable for years and functionality. Despite the rapid progress in this field, integrating innovative materials is currently limited to practical applications. Moreover, many of the advancements in newly formed airbags are limited to lab-scale production only. This paper signifies the choice of airbag manufacturing materials, types of airbags used in automobiles, upcoming innovations, challenges with airbag placement, and integration in futuristic vehicles. It is speculated that this mini-review will help understand the current challenges and offer more profound insight into the future of advanced airbag design.

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The isotropic and anisotropic self-cleaning surfaces by using only femtosecond laser

Results in Materials

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Results in Materials 2023年 17卷

作者： Srin, K.S. Ramkumar, J. Bathe, Ravi Materials Science Programme Indian Institute of Technology Uttar Pradesh Kanpur India Center for Laser Processing of Materials (CLPM) International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI) Telangana Hyderabad India

The current study describes a technique for surface modification that uses only femtosecond laser pulses that are extremely brief. The development in this research is the feature with periodically and directionally fabricated hierarchical micrometre scaled shapes with nanometer scaled structures. Although the developed features have complex structural makeup, they exhibit isotropic and anisotropic behaviour in superhydrophobicity. The developed Stainless Steel AISI 304 surface with appropriate modification using a femtosecond laser is the used method in this study. The recommended method may be applied to other vulnerable surfaces, including ceramic, polymers, semiconductors, and insulators as well as metals and alloys. The few functional fields that may use this method include self-cleaning surfaces, antibacterial surfaces, anticorrosion surfaces, anti-icing surfaces, and anti-biofouling surfaces. The Opto digital microscope with nanoscale resolution profoundly assisted us in finding developed features in its accuracy. We studied all of the featured topographies using sophisticated imaging tools. The presence of the preplanned features can also be demonstrated by field emission and tungsten filament scanning electron microscopy, and by atomic force microscopy. Studies on hydrophobicity carried out with Matlab assistance included a digital goniometer. Surfaces that are isotropic and directional with hydrophobic behaviour differed by water rolling on 0.5–3.5° tilted angles. All the manufactured superhydrophobic surfaces are reported to be above 155° and at most 167.13° is also a notable value. The results of the conical microspikes, which mimic a lotus leaf, show that they are exclusively hydrophobic isotropic at 0.5° of sliding angle. Biomimetic sinusoidal microgrooves in grass leaves reported remarkably directional or anisotropic hydrophobicity at a 2.5° rolling angle. So that we can elaborate on the use of femtosecond laser on hydrophobicity, we are reporting the

关键词： Directional hydrophobicity Femtosecond laser Micromachining Superhydrophobicity

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Adenosine Triphosphate in Solvothermal Method for Preparing High-Rate LiFePO4 Cathode Material

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Song, Yu Chen, Qiulin Zhang, Hui Zhang, Shaoze Zhang, Keyu Hu, Junxian Li, Yin Yao, Yaochun The National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650093 China Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Battery and Materials of Yunnan Province Kunming University of Science and Technology Yunnan Province Kunming650093 China Postdoctoral Programme of Shandong Humon Smelting Co. Ltd. Shandong Province Yantai3264110 China Guizhou Normal University Guizhou Province Guizhou550025 China

LiFePO4 nanoparticles are synthesized utilizing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as the phosphorus source via the solvothermal method. A comprehensive study is conducted to systematically investigate the effects of optimizing process parameters, including precursor concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time, on the structural and morphological characteristics of LiFePO4. Specifically, at the initial concentration of 0.3 M and reaction at 180°C for 4 h, LiFePO4 exhibits a well-defined nanorod morphology and demonstrates superior electrochemical performance. Following,there are 154.27 mAh g−1 and 110.09 mAh g−1 discharge specific capacities for LiFePO4/C composites by carbon coating, at 1 C and 10 C, respectively. Notably, after 100 cycles at 10 C, the composite maintains a capacity of 99.8 mAh g−1, resulting in a capacity retention rate of 90.02%. In this work, a significant new insight into the synthesis of high-performance LiFePO4 using organophosphorus compounds are gained. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanorods

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Modular micro-PCR system for the onsite rapid diagnosis of COVID-19

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第4期8卷 125-136页

作者： Phuong Quoc Mai Nguyen Ming Wang Nelisha Ann Maria Adelicia Yongling Li Hsih Yin Tan Gordon Minru Xiong Meng-Kwang Marcus Tan Ali Asgar S.Bhagat Catherine W.M.Ong Chwee Teck Lim Institute for Health Innovation and Technology(iHealthtech) National University of SingaporeMD614 Medical Drive#14-01Singapore 117599Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Block 4#04-08Singapore 117583Singapore Advanced MedTech 2 Venture Drive#23-18 Vision ExchangeSingapore 608526Singapore Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme Department of MedicineYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeNUHS Tower Block1E Kent Ridge Road Level 11Singapore 119228Singapore

Effective containment of the COVID-19 pandemic requires rapid and accurate detection of the *** chain reaction(PCR)remains the gold standard for COVID-19 *** this article,we report the performance of a cost-effective modular microfluidic reverse transcription(RT)-PCR and RT-loop mediated isothermal amplification(RTLAMP)platform,Epidax®,for the point-of-care testing and confirmation of *** platform is versatile and can be reconfigured either for screening using endpoint RT-PCR or RT-LAMP tests or for confirmatory tests using realtime ***®is highly sensitive and detects as little as 1 RNA copy perµL for real-time and endpoint RT-PCR,while using only half of the *** achieved comparable results with those of a commercial platform when detecting SARS-CoV-2 viruses from 81 clinical RNA ***®can also detect SARS-CoV-2 from 44 nasopharyngeal samples without RNA extraction by using a direct RT-PCR assay,which shortens the sample-to-answer time to an hour with minimal user ***,we validated the technology using an RT-LAMP assay on 54 clinical RNA ***,our platform provides a sensitive,cost-effective,and accurate diagnostic solution for lowresource settings.

关键词： fir confirmation diagnosis

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Unusual Hydrogen Solubility and Selectivity in Charge-Transfer Phthalonitrile Prepolymer and Polyimide Blend Membranes

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Hu, Chun-Po Lim, Song Kiat Jacob Chia-Wei, Lin Wei-Song, Hung Liang, Yen Nan Hu, Xiao Matthew Ping, Kuo-Hsiang Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme Nanyang Technological University 637141 Singapore Temasek Laboratories Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Drive 637553 Singapore Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei10607 Taiwan R&D Center for Membrane Technology Chung Yuan University Chung-Li32023 Taiwan

Hydrogen economy holds great promise as the next generation of clean energy. The increasing demand for H2 production from syngas and ammonia has necessitated the development of high-performance H2-selective polymers. Polyimides are considered promising materials for hydrogen purification for their excellent thermal and chemical stability;however, commercial polyimides generally possess insufficient hydrogen *** practical applications, it is critical to improving the hydrogen selectivity of polyimides. Herein, we report a facile material strategy to adjust the H2 separation performance via blending the polyimide and the crosslinkable resorcinol-based phthalonitrile prepolymer (RPN) with electron donor/acceptor properties. The novel RPN30/PI70 membrane showed outstanding H2/N2 and H2/CO2 permselectivity of 1637 and 66, respectively, with the H2 permeability about 2.7 Barrer, surpassing the H2/N2 and H2/CO2 Robeson upper bounds (2008). The improved H2 permselectivity was attributed to the tunable microstructure in the charge-transfer RPN/PI blend, giving rise to the outstanding H2 solubility and H2/N2 and H2/CO2 solubility selectivity. Moreover, the H2 permeability and selectivity of the RPN/PI membranes can be further optimized via thermal treatment. This study demonstrates a new versatile strategy for designing high-performance hydrogen-selective polymeric membranes. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charge transfer

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To prune or not to prune : A chaos-causality approach to principled pruning of dense neural networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Sahu, Rajan Chadda, Shivam Nagaraj, Nithin Mathur, Archana Saha, Snehanshu Dept. of CSIS Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences Pilani Pilani India BITS Pilani Goa Campus India Consciousness Studies Programme National Institute of Advanced Studies Bangalore India Dept. of Information Science and Engineering Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology India Dept. of CSIS and APPCAIR BITS Pilani Goa India and HappyMonk AI India

Reducing the size of a neural network (pruning) by removing weights without impacting its performance is an important problem for resource constrained devices. In the past, pruning was typically accomplished by ranking or penalizing weights based on criteria like magnitude and removing low-ranked weights before retraining the remaining ones. Pruning strategies may also involve removing neurons from the network in order to achieve the desired reduction in network size. We formulate pruning as an optimization problem with the objective of minimizing misclassifications by selecting specific weights. To accomplish this, we have introduced the concept of chaos in learning (Lyapunov exponents) via weight updates and exploiting causality to identify the causal weights responsible for misclassification. Such a pruned network maintains the original performance and retains feature explainability Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lyapunov methods

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