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Asian diversity in human immune cells

Cell 2025年第8期188卷 2288-2306.e24页

作者： Kock, Kian Hong Tan, Le Min Han, Kyung Yeon Ando, Yoshinari Jevapatarakul, Damita Chatterjee, Ankita Lin, Quy Xiao Xuan Buyamin, Eliora Violain Sonthalia, Radhika Rajagopalan, Deepa Tomofuji, Yoshihiko Sankaran, Shvetha Park, Mi-So Abe, Mai Chantaraamporn, Juthamard Furukawa, Seiko Ghosh, Supratim Inoue, Gyo Kojima, Miki Kouno, Tsukasa Lim, Jinyeong Myouzen, Keiko Nguantad, Sarintip Oh, Jin-Mi Rayan, Nirmala Arul Sarkar, Sumanta Suzuki, Akari Thungsatianpun, Narita Venkatesh, Prasanna Nori Moody, Jonathan Nakano, Masahiro Chen, Ziyue Tian, Chi Zhang, Yuntian Tong, Yihan Tan, Crystal T.Y. Tizazu, Anteneh Mehari Loh, Marie Hwang, You Yi Ho, Roger C. Larbi, Anis Ng, Tze Pin Won, Hong-Hee Wright, Fred A. Villani, Alexandra-Chloé Park, Jong-Eun Choi, Murim Liu, Boxiang Maitra, Arindam Pithukpakorn, Manop Suktitipat, Bhoom Ishigaki, Kazuyoshi Okada, Yukinori Yamamoto, Kazuhiko Carninci, Piero Chambers, John C. Hon, Chung-Chau Matangkasombut, Ponpan Charoensawan, Varodom Majumder, Partha P. Shin, Jay W. Park, Woong-Yang Prabhakar, Shyam Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS) Agency for Science STAR) 60 Biopolis Street Genome Singapore 138672 Singapore Samsung Genome Institute Samsung Medical Center Seoul 06351 South Korea Laboratory for Advanced Genomics Circuit RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS) 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsurumi-ku Kanagawa Yokohama 230-0045 Japan Laboratory for Transcriptome Technology RIKEN Center for IMS 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsurumi-ku Kanagawa Yokohama 230-0045 Japan Single-cell omics and Systems Biology of Diseases (scSyBiD) Research Unit Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok 10400 Thailand Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok 10400 Thailand John C. Martin Centre for Liver Research and Innovations Sonarpur Kolkata 700150 India Laboratory for Systems Genetics RIKEN Center for IMS 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsurumi-ku Kanagawa Yokohama 230-0045 Japan Department of Statistical Genetics of Medicine Osaka University 2-2 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita 565-0871 Japan Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University 2-2 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita 565-0871 Japan Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology Sungkyunkwan University Seoul 06351 South Korea Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases RIKEN Center for IMS 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsurumi-ku Kanagawa Yokohama 230-0045 Japan Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok 10400 Thailand Integrative Computational BioScience Center Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council National Institute of Biomedical Genomics West Bengal Kalyani 741251 India Laboratory for Genome Information Analysis RIKEN Center for IMS 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsurumi-ku Kanagawa Yokohama 230-0045 Japan Department of Allergy and Rheumatology of Medicine The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8654 Japan D

The relationships of human diversity with biomedical phenotypes are pervasive yet remain understudied, particularly in a single-cell genomics context. Here, we present the Asian Immune Diversity Atlas (AIDA), a multi-national single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) healthy reference atlas of human immune cells. AIDA comprises 1,265,624 circulating immune cells from 619 donors, spanning 7 population groups across 5 Asian countries, and 6 controls. Though population groups are frequently compared at the continental level, we found that sub-continental diversity, age, and sex pervasively impacted cellular and molecular properties of immune cells. These included differential abundance of cell neighborhoods as well as cell populations and genes relevant to disease risk, pathogenesis, and diagnostics. We discovered functional genetic variants influencing cell-type-specific gene expression, which were under-represented in non-Asian populations, and helped contextualize disease-associated variants. AIDA enables analyses of multi-ancestry disease datasets and facilitates the development of precision medicine efforts in Asia and beyond. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： eQTL genetic diversity genetics genomics healthy baseline human diversity immune cells precision medicine single-cell RNA sequencing sub-continental diversity

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programme for ocular inflammation & infection translational research (PROTON) registry: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline patient characteristics

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Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology 2025年第3期14卷

作者： Rojas-Carabali, William Chan, Kevin Cifuentes-Gonzalez, Carlos Agarwal, Manisha Sen, Alok Biswas, Jyotirmay Kharel La Distia Nora, Rina Utami, Anna Khatri, Anadi Mahendradas, Padmamalini Schlaen, Ariel Mishra, Chitaranjan Guex-Crosier, Yan Tsui, Edmund Ayachit, Apoorva Gangaputra, Sapna Kempen, John H. Gupta, Vishali de-la-Torre, Alejandra Lee, Bernett Agrawal, Rupesh Song, Rachel Choo, Shannon Sheriel Boon, Joewee Mejía-Salgado, Germán Garzón-Dangond, Juan Manuel Zarate-Pinzón, Laura Téllez-Zambrano, Juanita Arora, Atul Patil, Aditya Sriram, Radhika Karki, Pratap Joshi, Sagun Narayan Tan Tock Seng Hospital National Healthcare Group Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Programme for Ocular Inflammation & Infection Translational Research National Healthcare Group Singapore Neuroscience Research Group (NEUROS) Neurovitae Center for Neuroscience Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT) Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud Universidad del Rosario Bogotá Colombia Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital India SNC Eye Hospital Ranchi India Sankara Nethralaya Chennai India Department of Ophthalmology B. P. Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies Maharajgunj Medical Campus Institute of Medicine Tribhuvan University Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal Cipto Mangunkusumo Kirana Eye Hospital Jakarta Indonesia Jakarta Eye Centre Jakarta Indonesia Birat Eye Hospital Biratnagar Nepal Narayana Netralaya Bangalore India Hospital de Clinicas Jose de San Martín Universidad de Buenos Aires/Hospital Universitario Austral Buenos Aires Argentina Trilochan Netralaya Odisha India Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland UCLA Stein Eye Institute Los Angeles California United States M M Joshi Eye Institute Karnataka India Vanderbilt Medical Center Vanderbilt University United States Department of Ophthalmology and Schepens Eye Research Institute Massachusetts Eye and Ear/ Harvard Medical School Boston United States Sight for Souls Bellevue WA United States Department of Ophthalmology Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia MyungSung Christian Medical Center (MCM) Eye Unit MCM Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa Ethiopia MyungSung Medical School Addis Ababa Ethiopia Advanced Eye Centre Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research Chandigarh India Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A⁎STAR) Singapore Centre for Biomedical Informatics Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Inf

Purpose: The programme for Ocular Inflammation & Infection Translational Research (PROTON) registry collects real-world data on infectious and non-infectious ocular inflammatory diseases (OID) to enhance understanding of disease progression and treatment outcomes. This report presents the baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in two international multicentric studies, OASIS 1 and OASIS 2, over the first two years. Design: A cross-sectional observational study. Methods: PROTON is an observational ambispective cohort registry comprising OASIS 1, a retrospective study (2000–2021), and OASIS 2, a prospective study (2021 onwards). Data is collected at multiple intervals over a 10-year period, focusing on various OID. Participants include patients diagnosed with anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, panuveitis, scleritis, retinal vasculitis, and neuroretinitis. Baseline characteristics, ocular examinations, and treatment outcomes are recorded. Results: A total of 2640 patients (3642 eyes) have been recruited across 17 centers worldwide. Infectious was the most common etiology (31.6 %), followed by idiopathic (28.1 %), undetermined (21.7 %), and non-infectious (16.0 %). Most patients (54.8 %) were male, with anterior uveitis being the most common anatomical location (37.5 %). Visual impairment was present in 53.2 % of cases, with 18.8 % experiencing moderate (0.5–1.0 LogMAR) and 22.6 % severe impairment (>1.0 LogMAR). Tuberculosis (64.0 %) and toxoplasmosis (13.5 %) were the leading infectious causes, while HLA-B27-associated uveitis accounted for 19.4 % of non-infectious cases. Conclusions: The PROTON registry provides valuable insights into the global spectrum of OID, with a substantial representation of infectious causes. This real-world evidence highlights the key prevalence of visual impairment and underscores the importance of research on this topic. As the registry evolves, it will help refine clinical management strategies and improve p

关键词： Aetiology Clinical Registry Multicentric Uveitis Visual Impairment

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Soil microbial community structure and diversity around the aging oil sludge in yellow river delta as determined by high-throughput sequencing

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Archaea 2018年第1期2018卷 7861805页

作者： Kuang, Shaoping Su, Yaqing Wang, Huihui Yu, Wenjuan Lang, Qiaolin Matangi, Ravichandra College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao Shandong Province 266042 China Advanced Analytical Laboratory DST-PURSE Programme Andhra University Visakhapatnam 53003 India

Microorganisms are sensitive indicators of edaphic environmental variation. The Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was used to analyze soil bacterial community diversity around an aging oil sludge in the Yellow River Delta. The alpha diversity index of soil bacterial community results (Ace, Chao, Shannon, and Simpson) determined that bacterial community diversity sampling within the scope of a 20 cm radius from the center of an aging oil sludge spot showed the most abundant diversity. The level of diversity distributed symmetrically with radial direction from the center of the aging oil sludge spot. Over the distance of 100 m from the center, bacterial community diversity tends to be monotonous, with small differences especially in the horizontal direction underground. The alpha-diversity indicators also showed that the bacterial diversity of samples were close under the aging oil sludge. In addition, the aging oil sludge inhibited the growth of bacteria compared with the referenced unpolluted soil sample and also increased the diversities of soil bacteria. At the phylum level, the Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Actinobacteria existing in the aging oil sludge-contaminated wetland soil constituted a larger proportion of the community, while the proportion of Firmicute was relatively less. On the contrary, Firmicute showed the highest content of 63.8% in the referenced soil. Under the genus level and family level, the corresponding strains that resisted the aging oil sludge were selected. According to the bacterial diversity analysis, the basic structure of the bacterial community which could be used for remediation of aging oil sludge-contaminated soil was also developed. © 2018 Shaoping Kuang et al.

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The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array V. Search for continuous gravitational wave signals

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Antoniadis, J. Arumugam, P. Arumugam, S. Babak, S. Bagchi, M. Nielsen, A.-S. Bak Bassa, C.G. Bathula, A. Berthereau, A. Bonetti, M. Bortolas, E. Brook, P.R. Burgay, M. Caballero, R.N. Chalumeau, A. Champion, D.J. Chanlaridis, S. Chen, S. Cognard, I. Dandapat, S. Deb, D. Desai, S. Desvignes, G. Dhanda-Batra, N. Dwivedi, C. Falxa, M. Ferranti, I. Ferdman, R.D. Franchini, A. Gair, J.R. Goncharov, B. Gopakumar, A. Graikou, E. Grießmeier, J.-M. Guillemot, L. Guo, Y.J. Gupta, Y. Hisano, S. Hu, H. Iraci, F. Izquierdo-Villalba, D. Jang, J. Jawor, J. Janssen, G.H. Jessner, A. Joshi, B.C. Kareem, F. Karuppusamy, R. Keane, E.F. Keith, M.J. Kharbanda, D. Kikunaga, T. Kolhe, N. Kramer, M. Krishnakumar, M.A. Lackeos, K. Lee, K.J. Liu, K. Liu, Y. Lyne, A.G. McKee, J.W. Maan, Y. Main, R.A. Manzini, S. Mickaliger, M.B. Niţu, I.C. Nobleson, K. Paladi, A.K. Parthasarathy, A. Perera, B.B.P. Perrodin, D. Petiteau, A. Porayko, N.K. Possenti, A. Prabu, T. Leclere, H. Quelquejay Rana, P. Samajdar, A. Sanidas, S.A. Sesana, A. Shaifullah, G. Singha, J. Speri, L. Spiewak, R. Srivastava, A. Stappers, B.W. Surnis, M. Susarla, S.C. Susobhanan, A. Takahashi, K. Tarafdar, P. Theureau, G. Tiburzi, C. van der Wateren, E. Vecchio, A. Krishnan, V. Venkatraman Verbiest, J.P.W. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wu, Z. Institute of Astrophysics FORTH N. Plastira 100 Heraklion70013 Greece Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 Bonn53121 Germany Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee247667 India Department of Electrical Engineering IIT Hyderabad Telangana Kandi502284 India Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie Paris75013 France The Institute of Mathematical Sciences C. I. T. Campus Taramani Chennai600113 India Homi Bhabha National Institute Training School Complex Anushakti Nagar Mumbai400094 India Fakultät für Physik Universität Bielefeld Postfach 100131 Bielefeld33501 Germany ASTRON Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4 Dwingeloo7991 PD Netherlands Department of Physical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Punjab Mohali140306 India Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace Université d’Orléans CNRS OrléansCedex 02 45071 France Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nançay Observatoire de Paris Université PSL Université d’Orléans CNRS Nançay18330 France Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini" Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca Piazza della Scienza 3 MilanoI-20126 Italy INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca Piazza della Scienza 3 MilanoI-20126 Italy INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera via Brera 20 MilanoI-20121 Italy Institute for Gravitational Wave Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Edgbaston BirminghamB15 2TT United Kingdom 09047 Italy Hellenic Open University School of Science and Technology Patras26335 Greece Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha Road Navy Nagar Colaba Mumbai400005 India Department of Physics IIT Hyderabad Telangana Kandi502284 India Department of Physics and Astrophysics University of Delhi Delhi110

We present the results of a search for continuous gravitational wave signals (CGWs) in the second data release (DR2) of the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) collaboration. The most significant candidate event from this search has a gravitational wave frequency of 4-5 nHz. Such a signal could be generated by a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) in the local Universe. We present the results of a follow-up analysis of this candidate using both Bayesian and frequentist methods. The Bayesian analysis gives a Bayes factor of 4 in favor of the presence of the CGW over a common uncorrelated noise process. In contrast, the frequentist analysis estimates the p-value of the candidate to be © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Gravity waves

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Corrigendum to "Development and Asian-wide validation of the Grade for Interpretable Field Triage (GIFT) for predicting mortality in pre-hospital patients using the Pan-Asian Trauma Outcomes Study (PATOS)" [The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific 34 (2023) 100733]

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The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific 2024年 44卷 100996页

作者： Jae Yong Yu Sejin Heo Feng Xie Nan Liu Sun Yung Yoon Han Sol Chang Taerim Kim Se Uk Lee Marcus Eng Hock Ong Yih Yng Ng Sang Do Shin Kentaro Kajino Wen-Chu Chiang Won Chul Cha Department of Digital Health Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST) Sungkyunkwan University Seoul South Korea. Digital & Smart Health Office Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore. Department of Emergency Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch Douliu City Taiwan. Department of Emergency Medicine Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul South Korea. Programme in Health Services and Systems Research Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School Singapore. Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University Stanford USA. Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine Stanford University Stanford USA. Health Service Research Centre Singapore Health Services Singapore. Institute of Data Science National University of Singapore Singapore. Department of Emergency Medicine Singapore General Hospital Singapore. Department of Emergency Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Kansai Medical University Moriguchi Japan. Department of Emergency Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei City Taiwan. Digital Innovation Center Samsung Medical Center Seoul South Korea.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/***.2023.100733.].

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The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels (vol 400, pg 1619, 2022)

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LANCET 2022年第10365期400卷 1766-1766页

作者： Romanello, M. Di Napoli, C. Drummond, P. Institute for Global Health University College London London UK School of Agriculture Policy and Development University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Sustainable Resources University College London London UK Department of Global Health Centre for Health and the Global Environment University of Washington Seattle WA USA UCL Energy Institute University College London London UK Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College London London UK School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK School of Population Health University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change Berlin Germany Department of Environment Climate Change and Health World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Institute of Environmental Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit Department of Public Health & Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK School of Government University of Birmingham Birmingham UK Economic Analysis of Climate Impacts and Policy Division Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Venice Italy Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering University College London London UK Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich London UK Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Yale Center on Climate Change and Health Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA USA Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA Department of Geography University College London London UK NU

With advancements in the science of detection and attribution studies, the influence of climate change over many events has now been quantified. Because of the rapidly increasing temperatures, vulnerable populations (adults older than 65 years, and children younger than one year of age) were exposed to 3·7 billion more heatwave days in 2021 than annually in 1986–2005 (indicator 1.1.2), and heat-related deaths increased by 68% between 2000–04 and 2017–21 (indicator 1.1.5), a death toll that was significantly exacerbated by the confluence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the local cooling and overall health benefits of urban greenspaces, only 277 (27%) of 1038 global urban centres were at least moderately green in 2021 (indicator 2.2.3), and the number of households with air conditioning increased by 66% from 2000 to 2020, a maladaptive response that worsens the energy crisis and further increases urban heat, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. [...]millions of people do not have access to the energy needed to keep their homes at healthy temperatures, preserve food and medication, and meet the seventh Sustainable Development Goal (to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all). Aggravating this situation even further, governments continue to incentivise fossil fuel production and consumption: 69 (80%) of 86 countries reviewed had net-negative carbon prices (ie, provided a net subsidy to fossil fuels) for a net total of US$400 billion

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Green synthesis,characterization and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles using methanolic root extracts of Diospyros sylvatica

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第5期29卷 157-163页

作者： Lakshmi Pethakamsetty Kalyani Kothapenta Hanumanta Rao Nammi Lakshmi Kalyani Ruddaraju Pratap Kollu Soon Gil Yoon Sri Venkata Narayana Pammi Department of Microbiology College of Science and Technology Andhra University Visakhapatnam 530003 India DST-PURSE Programme Advanced Analytical Laboratory Andhra University Visakhapatnam 530003 India Sri Vishnu College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Vishnupur Bhimavaram A.P. 530041 India DST-INSPIRE Faculty Department of Metallurgical Engineering & Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai 400076 India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National University Daeduk Science Town 305-764 Daejeon South Korea

The current research study focuses to formulate the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles for the first time from silver acetate using methanolic root extracts of Diospyros sylvatica,a member of family Ebenaceae. TEM analysis revealed the average diameter of Ag NPs around 8 nm which is in good agreement with the average crystallite size（10 nm）calculated from X-ray Diffraction（XRD）analysis. Further the study has been extended to the antimicrobial activity against test pathogenic Gram（＋）ve,Gram（-）ve bacterial and fungal strains. The bioinspired Ag-NP showed promising activity against all the tested bacterial strains and the activity was enhanced with increased dosage levels

关键词： Root extract Silver nanoparticles Antimicrobial properties

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Impact of Ag content on the light induced defects of Se-In thin films and their suitability for optoelectronic devices

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2265卷

作者： Anjani Kumar S. Shukla Surya K. Tripathi R. K. Shukla Rajeev Gupta 1Materials Science Programme Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur-208001 India 2Department of Physics U.I.E.T. C. S. J. M. University Kanpur-208024 India 3Center of Advanced Study in Physics Punjab University Chandigarh India 4Department of Physics H.B.T.U. Kanpur-208002 India

Present study reports the estimation of light induced defects in Se90In10-xAgx (x = 0, 2, 4, 8) thin films on prolonged exposure of light. Light induced defects have been evaluated by using space charge limited conduction (SCLC) measurements. For this purpose, measurements have been made before and after exposing amorphous films to white light for different exposure times and results showed that the density of light induced metastable defects increases with the light exposure time. It is also found that fractional increase in the density of light induced defects decreases as Ag concentration increases and decrease is more at higher light exposure times, therefore these samples can be used for optoelectronic devices.

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Synthesis and characterization of Ba²⁺ and Zr⁴⁺ co-doped titania nanomaterial which in turn used as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of rhodamine-B in visible light

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South African Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年 23卷 10-16页

作者： Meshesha, Desta Shumuye Matangi, Ravi Chandra Tirukkovalluri, Siva Rao Bojja, Sreedhar Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Andhra University Visakhapatnam 530003 India Department of Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India Advanced Analytical Laboratory DST-PURSE Programme Andhra University Visakhapatnam 530003 India

A Ba2+ and Zr4+ co-doped titania nanomaterial was prepared with different weight percentages of dopants ranging from 1.00 to 1.5 wt% by sol–gel method. It was examined against the photocatalytic activity and was comp... 详细信息

A Ba²⁺ and Zr⁴⁺ co-doped titania nanomaterial was prepared with different weight percentages of dopants ranging from 1.00 to 1.5 wt% by sol–gel method. It was examined against the photocatalytic activity and was compared to undoped TiO₂. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, UV-DRS, FT-IR, XPS and SEM-EDX. The XRD data has shows that the co-doped TiO₂ in anatase phase without distraction of crystal patterns by the dopents. UV-DRS spectra show that the co-doped TiO₂ has a signiﬁcant absorption shift towards the visible region than pure TiO₂. The TEM and SEM confirm the co-doped TiO₂ in nanometer range of about 20.15–37 nm and the particles are in spherical shape, with presence of respective elements of the catalyst. From XPS, analysis it was confirmed that the prospect of all the corresponding elements as well as the dopant Ba in 2+ and Zr in 4+ state. The photocatalytic activities of these nano catalysts were investigated with rhodamine-B (RhB) as the model pollutant and the results were found to be by comparison of dopant concentration, pH of solution, dosage of catalysts, and dye concentration. From this study, the 0.75 wt% Ba²⁺ & 0.25 wt% Zr⁴⁺ co-doped TiO₂ exhibiting high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of RhB at pH 8, 100 mg of catalyst and 5 mgL⁻¹ dye concentration and finally thereby studied the mechanism of photo degradation. © 2016 The Authors

关键词： Co-doping Photocatalysis Rhodamine-B Titania Visible light

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Application of nanocatalyst iron oxide (Fe2O3) to reduce exhaust emissions (CO and HC) 1

Application of nanocatalyst iron oxide (Fe2O3) to reduce exh...

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1st Materials Research Society-Indonesia Conference and Congress 2017, MRS-INA C and C 2017

作者： Puspitasari, P. Yazirin, C. Bachtiar, L.A. Dika, J.W. Zaharis, S.M.S.N.S. Mechanical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Malang State University Semarang street 5 East-Java-Malang Indonesia Center of Nano Research and Advanced Materials Malang State University Semarang street 5 East-Java-Malang Indonesia Master Program of Mechanical Engineering Engineering Faculty Malang State University Semarang street 5 East-Java-Malang Indonesia Bachelor Program Mechanical Engineering Department Malang State University Semarang street 5 East-Java-Malang Indonesia Industrial Chemical Technology Programme Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia Bandar Baru Nilai Negeri Sembilan Nilai71800 Malaysia

Fe2O3 has been the interest of many studies due to its applications in various scientific and industrial fields including in environment, corrosion, soil science, and exhaust emissions. Fe2O3 is a chemical mixture that can be applied as a catalyst to reduce exhaust emissions because it is capable of binding CO and HC contained in motorcycle exhaust gases The growth of motor vehicles results in air pollution and an increase in exhaust emissions consisting of 70.50% CO and 18.34% HC. One effort to reduce exhaust emission levels is by applying a catalytic converter to the exhaust system. This research was an experimental research aiming to investigate the difference in emission level of CO and HC between a motorcycle with and without a catalytic converter. The types of fuel used were RON 88, RON 90, RON 92, and RON 98. The results showed that the application of Fe2O3 as a catalyst could reduce the level of CO significantly in RON 88, i.e. 91.43% CO, and the level of HC in RON 88 and RON 92, i.e. 53.27% and 91.07% HC respectively. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Catalytic converters

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