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Boosting charge extraction and efficiency of inverted perovskite solar cells through coordinating group modification at the buffer layer/cathode interface

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 415-423页

作者： Zhiqing Liang Ziqiu Ren Ziyu Wang Nan Yan Ling Li Bo Zhang Yanlin Song College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China Key Laboratory of Green Printing Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(ICCAS)Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing TechnologyNational Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Beijing 100190China

In inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs),effective modification of the interface between the metalcathode and electron transport layer (ETL) is crucial forachieving high performance and stability. Herein, sulfonatedbathocuproine, commonly known as disodium bathocuproinedisulfonate (BCDS), was employed as a cathode buffer layerto address the interfacial issues at the [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyricacid methyl ester (PCBM)/Ag interface. BCDS possesses theability to form coordinate bonds with Ag electrodes. Theutilization of the BCDS buffer layer enhanced the chargeextraction capability at the cathode interface whilesimultaneously achieving interfacial defect passivation,improving interfacial contact and increasing the built-in electricfield. Consequently, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of25.06% was achieved. Furthermore, owing to the excellent filmforminguniformity of BCDS on PCBM, the stability of thedevice was also improved. After storage in dry air for morethan 2000 h, the device maintained 96% of its initial efficiency. This work underscores the remarkable potential of tailoringcoordination groups to enhance charge extraction efficiency at the ETL-cathode interface, unveiling a promising newfrontier in buffer layer development and performance optimization strategies for PSCs.

关键词： perovskite solar cells buffer layer bathocuproine disulfonate coordination group modification electron transport layer(ETL)-cathode interface

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Corrosion Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Conventional Amalgam Reinforced by NiCrMo Nanowires

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2025年第2期11卷 1-16页

作者： Anaee, Rana A. Hassan, Ahmed R. Naser, Shaimaa A. Hamdi, Sinan S. Anaee, Mays A. Anai, Tamara A. Department of Materials Engineering University of Technology Baghdad Iraq Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Center University of Technology Baghdad Iraq Engineering Collage Al Muthanna University Samawah Iraq College of Engineering Al-Iraqia University Baghdad Iraq Dentistry Basic Science Tikrit of University Tikrit Iraq

In some cases, amalgam is considering the best choice for restoration of teeth;therefore, it is important to perform studies for improving conventional amalgams. An attempt to improve the performance of conventional amalgam by adding NiCrMo nanowires with four weight percents included (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 wt.%) has been achieved, these nanowires were fabricated using anodic aluminum oxide to obtain nanowires with composition of (72.2% Ni, 19.5% Cr, and 8.3 wt.%Mo), which is close to the composition of the known NiCrMo alloy. The manufactured amalgam nanocomposites were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), where the results indicated the formation of symmetric orthorhombic Ni40Cr18Mo42 phase in nanowires NWs. These NWs behave as adsorbent for Hg in amalgam and play an important role to get coherence phases in conventional amalgam and then reduce the release of Hg to human body. Wear rate and compressive strength were tested for the manufactured amalgam composites in addition to investigating the corrosion resistance in artificial saliva at pH 5.4 and 37 ℃. The decrease in wear rate and the increase in compressive strength suggest the filling of vacancies within amalgam by nanowires and getting more coherency for components in amalgam especially with Hg, which is the main cause for the increase in microhardness. The results of corrosion test revealed the significant increase in corrosion resistance of the manufactured composites compared to conventional amalgam. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Nanowires

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Thermodynamic and experimental evaluation of the sustainable recycling of magnesium alloy scrap by vacuum distillation based on vapor-liquid equilibrium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第1期13卷 283-295页

作者： Lipeng Wang Dong Liang Yang Tian Jianxue Chai Rui Li Shuji Wu Bin Yang Baoqiang Xu Yong Deng Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina Engineering Research Center of Aluminum Industry of Yunnan Province Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina Shanxi Regal Advanced Material Co. Ltd.Yuncheng CityChina

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used lightweight structural materials for automobiles and help reduce carbon ***,their use increases the production of Mg alloy scrap,which is recycled at a much lower rate than aluminum,and its greater complexity poses challenges to existing recycling *** vacuum distillation can be used to recycle Mg alloy scrap,this requires optimizing and maximizing metal recirculation,but there has been no thermodynamic analysis of this *** this study,the feasibility and controllability of separating inclusions and 23 metal impurities were evaluated,and their distribution and removal limits were *** analyses and experimental results showed that inclusions and impurity metals of separation coefficient lgβ_(i)≤-5,including Cu,Fe,Co,and Ni below 0.001 ppm,could be removed from the *** Zn entered the recycled Mg,while impurities with-1

关键词： Magnesium alloy Scrap recycling Thermodynamic analysis Impurity removal Vacuum distillation

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Efficient generation of polarization multiplexed OAM using levitated metasurfaces

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Frontiers of physics 2025年第1期20卷 253-261页

作者： Sihan Cui Xiaojun Huang Cuizhen Sun Helin Yang Xiaoyan Li College of Communication and Information Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China Engineering Research Center of Smart Coal Mine Advanced Communication Technology Universities of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’an 710054China College of Physical Science and Technology Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China College of Physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China

Dual-polarization(DP)vortex waves(VWs)are widely applied in optical,electromagnetic,and quantum science owing to their ability to simultaneously convey two distinct and non-interfering orbital angular momentums(OAMs).Here,we propose a lightweight levitated meta-atom to achieve 360°phase control with a difference of no more than 1°while maximizing the reflection *** combination with convergent phase modulation,a OAM metasurface array that facilitates the generation of DP VWs with high mode purity and low divergence angles was *** measured DP VW bearing mode l=1 had only 4°divergence angle and 84%mode purity at 5.8 ***,DP VWs with integer,fractional(l=1.5)and higher order(l=8)modes are discussed based on an OAM purity spectrum *** experimental results were consistent with the simulation results,demonstrating the practicality of the proposed DP OAM metasurface and its potential applications in the field of multithreaded communication systems.

关键词： dual-polarization orbital angular momentum low divergence angles high mode purity

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Reductive coupling mechanism in layered oxide cathodes for lithium-/sodium-ion batteries

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Science China Materials 2025年第3期68卷 775-779页

作者： Yao Wang Yongchang Liu Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome EngineeringState Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

With the ever-increasing consumption of traditional fossil fuels,the development of sustainable and renewable energy sources is urgently *** substantial integration of intermittent renewable energy calls for highly efficient energy storage systems[1,2].Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are currently dominating the market of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles because of their high energy density,outstanding cycling stability,and small self-discharge[3,4].

关键词： lithium coupling cycling

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EBSD and Phase-Field Crystal Simulation Revealed the Inhibition of Al_(3)Ti on Crack Extention in TC4-2024Al Laminated Composites

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2025年第2期38卷 259-275页

作者： Yihong Liu Zhuo Song Muxi Li Kangan Wang Zhiping Xiong Hua Hou Yuhong Zhao School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province for High-Performance Al/Mg Alloy MaterialsNorth University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials Under Shock and Impact Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute for Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China

In Ti-Al laminated composites,cracks nucleate preferentially at the Al_(3)Ti layer,but the inhibitory effect of Al_(3)Ti on crack extension is ***,by combining experiment and phase-field crystal simulation,we found that the micrometer Al_(3)Ti particles in the diffusion layer play the role of crack deflection and passivation,which is attributed to the lattice distortion induced by Al_(3)Ti consumes the energy of the crack in *** addition,it is found that the growth process of Al_(3)Ti is divided into two stages:nucleation stage and growth *** with the growth stage,the Al_(3)Ti grains in the nucleation stage are finer in the growth *** grains show better crack deflection and avoid stress concentration.

关键词： Ti-Al laminated composites Phase-field crystal simulation Growth kinetics Bending properties Crack extension

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Encapsulating perovskite quantum dots into 3D COF for visible light-driven CO_(2) reduction

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第4期68卷 1478-1485页

作者： Xinxin Wang Yucheng Jin Xiya Yang Qingyu Luan Tianyu Wang Dongdong Qi Kang Wang Jianzhuang Jiang College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline MaterialsDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Lead halide perovskite quantum dots(LHP QDs)have been revealed to possess great potential in photocatalytic applications including CO_(2)reduction;which however suffer from poor ***;a high crystalline hydrazine-linked three-dimensional(3D)covalent organic framework;USTB-17;was fabricated from the reaction between 12-connected building block and 4-connected 3,5,7-tetrakis(4-aldophenyl)-***-modification with Ni^(2+) affords the metallic framework USTB-17(Ni)followed by sequential deposition of the CH_(3)NH_(2)PbI_(3)(MAPbI_(3))perovskite QDs into its pores;generating the USTB-17(Ni)@MAPbI_(3) *** X-ray diffraction analysis together with theoretical simulations and transmission electron microscopy discloses the crystalline nature of USTB-17;USTB-17(Ni);and USTB-17(Ni)@MAPbI_(3) with an unprecedented noninterpenetrated hpt *** close contact of QDs inside the COF pores with the Ni catalytic site locating at the pore surface of COF allows a rapid transfer of the photogenerated electrons in QDs to the Ni catalytic sites;enhancing the photocatalytic activity for CO_(2)*** endows USTB-17(Ni)@MAPbI_(3) with efficient photocatalysis performance for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction with CO generation rate of 365μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)and CO selectivity up to 96%under visible-light irradiation;7 times higher than that of USTB-17(Ni).After four cycles of reactions;the photocatalytic CO generation rate remains almost unchanged;demonstrating its excellent cycle stability.

关键词： lead halide perovskite quantum dots 3D covalent organic frameworks hpt topology photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction

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Controllable preparation of Eu3+-doped octacalcium phosphate and fluorescence study of its hydrolysis into hydroxyapatite

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CrystEngComm 2025年第20期27卷 3302-3309页

作者： Zhou, Heng Chen, Jia Tan, Xinyu Wei, Xuanhe Han, Yingchao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) is generally considered the intermediate of hydroxyapatite (HAP) during bone mineralization. Crystalline phase transformation of OCP to HAP is an important topic in the study of biomineralization processes. In this study, Eu3+-doped OCP (Eu-OCP) was synthesized controllably by an improved co-precipitation method. The results showed that Eu-OCP had different fluorescence properties (i.e. emission intensity and I614/I591 ratio) due to the varied crystal field environment compared with Eu3+-doped HAP. Furthermore, the relationship between the I614/I591 ratio and the mass ratio of HAP to OCP in a HAP/OCP mixture was revealed based on a Eu3+ fluorescent probe, which was verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The I614/I591 ratio was related to the content (x) of HAP in the HAP/OCP mixture according to I614/I591 = 2.0971 − 0.70246/(1 + exp(x − 0.68956)/0.11274) (R2 = 0.970). By this fluorescent probe method, the crystal phase transition from OCP to HAP was quantitatively analyzed during the hydrolysis of OCP, which was in accordance with the XRD analysis. Therefore, this fluorescent probe method has potential to monitor crystal phase transition in biomineralization in situ. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Hydrolysis

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In-situ observation and analysis of high temperature behavior of carbides in GCr15 bearing steel by confocal laser scanning microscopy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第2期32卷 409-417页

作者： Jun Ren Yue Teng Xiang Liu Xi Xu Hui-gai Li Ke Han Qi-jie Zhai State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy and School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Center for Advanced Solidification Technology(CAST) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Ansteel Group Iron and Steel Research Institute Anshan 114000LiaoningChina National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32310USA

The high-temperature dissolution behavior of primary carbides in samples taken from GCr15 continuous-casting bloom was observed in-situ by confocal laser scanning *** were fitted to the dissolution kinetics of primary carbides during either heating or *** of carbides proceeded in three stages(fast→slow→faster)as either temperature or holding time was *** the heating process and during the first and third stages of the soaking process,the original size of the carbides determined the steepness of the slope,but during the middle(“slow”)stage of the soaking process,the slope remained *** initial size of the carbides varied greatly,but their final dissolution temperature fell within the narrow range of 1210-1235℃,and the holding time remained within 50 *** analysis was used to study the morphological characteristics of small and medium-sized carbides during the dissolution *** to changes in the fractal dimension before and after soaking,the carbides tended to evolve towards a more regular morphology.

关键词： Bearing steel High-temperature confocal laser scanning microscope In-situ observation Primary carbide Fractal analysis

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Microneedle delivery platform integrated with Staphylococcus epidermidis-derived extracellular vesicles-based nanoantibiotics for efficient bacterial infection atopic dermatitis treatment

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2025年第4期15卷 2197-2216页

作者： Zhou, Hong Zhang, Shuting Liu, Xinxin Feng, Aiping Chen, Siyuan Liu, Wei National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of Dermatology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Research Institute for Biomaterials Tech Institute for Advanced Materials Bioinspired Biomedical Materials & Devices Center College of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China

Due to the difficulty of overcoming the abnormal epidermal barriers and addressing S. aureus infections without disrupting indigenous skin microbiota, effective treatment of bacterial infection atopic dermatitis (AD) remains a significant clinical challenge. Skin microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) shows protentional for skin disease treatment, but the lack of antimicrobial activity and limited skin penetration hamper their application in bacterial infection AD treatment. Here, we developed novel nanoantibiotics by loading Lev into S. epidermidis-derived EVs (Lev@SE-EVs), with supreme antimicrobial activity, regulating epidermal immune responses and enhanced epidermal barrier functionality. The nanoantibiotics were further integrated into hyaluronic acid-based microneedle (MN) for efficient transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents and effectively treating bacterial infection in AD. Upon insertion into the skin, the rapidly released Lev@SE-EVs from MN are uptake by S. aureus in a selective manner, fibroblasts, and surrounding immune cells to exert therapeutic effects in the infected dermal layer, resulting in mitigated skin inflammation, reduced S. aureus burden and increased dermis repair. Notably, Lev@SE-EVs induce IL-17A⁺ CD8⁺ T-cell accumulation in the skin in an unrelated inflammation manner, which may represent heterologous protection. This EVs-integrated MN assisted Lev@SE-EVs to alleviate skin inflammation, repair skin, and provide an effective and safe therapeutic approach for bacterial infection AD treatment. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Atopic dermatitis Bacterial infection Extracellular vesicles Microneedle Nanoantibiotics Skin microbiota Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis

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