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High-brightness acousto-optic Q-switched 532 nm laser coupled with 200 μm fiber

Optik 2025年 320卷

作者： Hu, Jiapeng Liu, Hongcai Li, Dong Xia, Nanhui Zhu, Yun Zhang, Tianyu Liu, Xuesheng Yan, Anru Liu, Youqiang Wang, Zhiyong College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute Beijing100024 China Key Laboratory of Trans-Scale Laser Manufacturing Technology Beijing University of Technology Ministry of Education Beijing100124 China Institute of Advanced Technology on Semiconductor Optics & Electronics Institute of Laser Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China

We have developed a diode side pumped intracavity frequency switched Nd:YAG laser with fiber coupled output, which has the characteristics of high power, high beam quality and high brightness, and has a unique application in the field of laser processing. In order to solve the influence of thermal effect of Nd:YAG crystal on optical resonator, the thermal focal length was measured and a stable cavity structure was designed. When the repetition rate was 10 kHz, the maximum output power of the 532 nm laser was 96 W, and the pulse width was 55.8 ns. The beam quality was measured as Mx2= 5.98 in the horizontal direction and My2= 8.14 in the vertical direction, corresponding to the brightness of 6.97×108 W·cm−2·Sr. The maximum fiber coupling output power was 94 W, with a fiber core of 200 μm and a fiber coupling efficiency of 98 %. As far as we know, the fiber–solid-state acousto-optic Q-switched 532 nm laser obtains the highest brightness. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Luminance

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured FeCoCrMnNi high-entropy alloy composite after aging

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Journal of Central South University 2025年第4期32卷 1167-1178页

作者： Ma, Pan Yang, Hong Zhang, Zhi-yu Xie, Xiao-chang Yang, Ping Konda-Gokuldoss, Prashanth Zhang, Han Jia, Yan-dong School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials Beijing China Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai India Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn Estonia Laboratory for Microstructures Institute of Materials Shanghai University Shanghai China

High-entropy alloy composites (HEACs) have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical properties and chemical stability. By adjusting the content of reinforcing particles in the high-entropy alloy and by employing advanced additive manufacturing techniques, high-performance HEACs can be fabricated. However, there is still considerable room for improvement in their performance. In this study, CoCrFeMnNi HEA powders were used as the matrix, and NiCoFeAlTi high-entropy intermetallic powders were used as the high-entropy reinforcement (HER). CoCrFeMnNi/NiCoFeAlTi HEACs were fabricated using selective laser melting technology. The study results indicate that after aging, the microstructure of HEACs with HER exhibits Al- and Ti-rich nano-oxide precipitates with an orthorhombic CMCM type structure system. After aging at 873 K for 2 h, HEACs with HER achieved excellent overall mechanical properties, with an ultimate tensile strength of 731 MPa. This is attributed to the combined and synergistic effects of precipitation strengthening, dislocation strengthening, and the high lattice distortion caused by high intragranular defects, which provide a multi-scale strengthening and hardening mechanism for the plastic deformation of HEACs with HER. This study demonstrates that aging plays a crucial role in controlling the precipitate phases in complex multi-element alloys.

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Optimized Inorganic Perovskite surface by Chelation Molecule for High Performance Inverted Solar Cells

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Li, Nan Wang, Zezhang Xu, Tianfei Wu, Minfang Gong, Jinyun Wang, Borui Cao, Yang Feng, Xiaolong Liu, Shengzhong Xiang, Wanchun Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an710119 China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian116023 China CNNP Optoelectronics Technology 2828 Canghai Road Lingang Shanghai China

Inorganic perovskites exhibit outstanding thermal stability and ideal bandgaps, allowing them suitable for tandem devices. However, interfacial defect-induced non-radiative recombination, energy level mismatch and notorious ion migration hinder further development of high-performance inverted inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, benzamidine (BM), a chelation-based molecular modifier, is introduced to post-treat CsPbI3-xBrx perovskite films to achieve simultaneous defect passivation and interfacial optimization. The amidine group in BM forms chelated coordination bonds with undercoordinated Pb2+ on perovskite surface, effectively suppressing defect and non-radiative recombination. Furthermore, BM modification induces in-situ formation of low-dimensional perovskite phases at surface, which further facilitates charge transfer from perovskite to electron transport layer, as well as reducing interfacial ion migration. The optimized inverted devices achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.3% with a high open-circuit voltage of 1.257 V, corresponding to a remarkably low energy loss of 0.473 V. Notably, BM-modified devices retain 93.3% of their initial efficiency under maximum power point (MPP) tracking for 1000 h, significantly outperforming the control devices (which degraded to 51.9% after 820 h). This work demonstrates that molecular chelation engineering offers a dual-functional strategy to enhance both efficiency and stability in inverted inorganic PSCs, paving the way for their application in tandem photovoltaics. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells

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Sustainable bio-based polyurethane coating with integrated corrosion resistance and antifouling functions

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Sustainable Materials and Technologies 2025年 44卷

作者： Zhang, Zhenhua Zheng, Jiyong Chen, Rongrong Li, Rumin Yu, Jing Liu, Qi Zhu, Jiahui Sun, Gaohui Liu, Jingyuan Wang, Jun Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology Ministry of Education College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute Qingdao266101 China Nanhai Institute of Harbin Engineering University Sanya572024 China Yangtze Delta Region Advanced Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University Nantong226010 China

To meet the comprehensive requirements for anticorrosion and antifouling in marine engineering equipment, a combination of primer, connecting paint and topcoat is typically employed. This multilayer protective system must not only address the challenges of layered application but also resolve the compatibility issues between coatings at each level. Consequently, the development of an integrated protective coating that possesses both anticorrosion and antifouling properties represents a new trend. This work reports the use of castor oil fatty amide (CFA) polyol modified silicon-based polyurethane coating (PPMC-x) to improve its marine corrosion resistance and anti-fouling performance. The long alkyl chains and trihydroxy crosslinking sites of CFA reduce the surface energy of the polyurethane coating and enhance its crosslinking density, which helps inhibit marine fouling adhesion and infiltration of corrosive media. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) shows that CFA significantly improves the corrosion resistance of the polyurethane coating. For PPMC-7, its low-frequency impedance modulus (|Z| 0.01Hz) remains at 1.5 × 109 Ω·cm2 after 40 days. The coating has effective antifouling properties against two different scales of fouling organisms: diatoms and mussels. The polyurethane coating prepared from biomass materials has significant effectiveness in inhibiting corrosion and preventing the adhesion of biological fouling. This work provides a theoretical foundation for the sustainable development of ship protective coatings. © 2025

关键词： Corrosion resistant coatings

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Microstructure and Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Laser Cladding (CoCrNiFeMo)91.5B6.0Si2.5 High-Entropy Alloy Coating on TC4 Titanium Alloy

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Physica Status Solidi (A) Applications and Materials Science 2025年第0期

作者： Xie, Fang Zhang, Xi Zhai, Changsheng Zhang, Xin Li, Xingchao Liu, Xiubo Hua, Xijin Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Additive Manufacturing Aeronautical Materials Nanyang Institute of Technology Henan Nanyang473004 China Nanyang Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Nanyang Institute of Technology Henan Nanyang473004 China Technology Co. Ltd Jiangsu Xuzhou221116 China Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Materials Surface/Interface Science & Technology Central South University of Forestry & Technology Changsha410004 China Department of Engineering University of Exeter ExeterEX4 4QF United Kingdom

(CoCrNiFeMo)91.5B6.0Si2.5 high-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings are deposited on TC4 titanium alloy by laser cladding, and their microstructure and properties are investigated. The findings indicate that FCC1 and FCC2 are dendritic and euqiaxed structures, respectively, and that HEA coatings form a FCC + σ eutectic structure. A strong metallurgical bond and a high density interface fusion layer are created at v = 1200 mm min−1, and the laser energy density matches that of the cladding. The thermodynamic criteria for the FCC + σ eutectic phase in HEAs created by the nonequilibrium solidification are proposed as follows: δ ≤ 8.5%, 6.88 ≤ VEC ≤ 8, −17 ≤ ΔHmix ≤ 7 kJ mol−1, and PSFE ≥ 40 at%. The thermodynamic parameters of HEACs are as follows: δ = 8.46%, ΔHmix = −10.282 kJ mol−1, VEC = 7.2, and PSFE = 43 at%, which meet the criteria. The coating's cross-sectional hardness gradually drops from HEA-coating-zone, fusion-zone, heat-affected zone, and TC4 matrix. When v = 1200 mm min−1, the HEA-coating-zone has the highest mean microhardness (830.96 HV1.0). HEA coatings have a double passivation zone with the highest Ecorr (−0.1774 V) and a much lower Icorr (0.047 μA cm−2) than that of other scanning rates. Its FCC + σ eutectic structure, greater crystallinity, improved passivation effect, more dense microstructure, and fewer lattice and grain boundary defects all work together to provide its exceptional electrochemical corrosion performance. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Titanium alloys

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Laser shock peening without coating induces deeper surface integrity changes in Ti60 than mechanical shot peening

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Optics and Laser technology 2025年 189卷

作者： Yao, Yuan Lin, Xiaojing Zhao, Di Lu, Guoxin Attard, Bonnie Rochman, Arif Wang, Qiang Ji, Zhong Cassar, Glenn Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University Shandong Jinan250061 China Institute of Engineering & Transport MCAST PLA 9032 Malta Faculty of Engineering University of Malta MSD 2080 Malta Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Corrosion and Protection for Aviation Material AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials Beijing100095 China

Laser shock peening (LSP) is widely recognized for enhancing surface properties such as fatigue and wear resistance. LSP without coating (LSPwC) has emerged as an attractive alternative that eliminates the need for protective coatings, simplifies processing steps, and reduces costs. However, the comparative advantages of LSPwC and conventional mechanical shot peening (SP) for titanium alloy surface enhancement remain unclear. In this study, the effects of SP and LSPwC on the residual stress distribution and deformation characteristics of Ti60 alloy are systematically compared. The results reveal that although SP generates a higher maximum compressive residual stress (−549 MPa) than LSPwC (−392 MPa), it produces a shallower compressive layer (280 μm vs. 370 μm). Analysis of the full-width at half maximum (FWHM) indicates distinct stress profiles: SP induces the most severe elastoplastic deformation at ∼50 μm depth, accompanied by a non-monotonic stress distribution, whereas LSPwC primarily affects the outermost surface. Moreover, SP provides stronger surface strengthening within ∼150 μm depth, while LSPwC—due to its lower energy input—achieves a deeper compressive residual stress layer. These findings enhance the understanding of SP and LSPwC mechanisms, providing critical insights for optimizing surface processes in industrial applications. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Shot peening

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Advancing solvent engineering for perovskite solar cells: Diversification, sustainability, and industrialization

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Nano Energy 2025年 138卷

作者： Li, Wanyi Liu, Lu Dong, Xinrui Wang, Kai Liu, Shengzhong Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Shaanxi Xi'an710119 China Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Conversion and Utilization of Solar Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Liaoning Dalian116023 China CNNP Optoelectronics Technology 2828 Canghai Road Lingang Shanghai China

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have initiated a technological revolution in the field of photovoltaics, with their cost-effectiveness being a major advantage, largely attributable to the ability to employ straightforward solution-based methods for the deposition of high-quality perovskite polycrystalline films. Solvents, as critical media for crystallization, exert a profound influence on both the crystallization process and the ultimate quality of the resulting crystals. Consequently, in the realm of PSCs, extensive research has demonstrated that regulating solvent systems can markedly enhance the crystal quality of perovskite films and improve the photovoltaic performance of PSCs. Therefore, it is imperative to consolidate the advancements in solvent engineering and to explore its future directions for PSCs. Herein, we begin by elucidating the fundamental models of solution crystallization, followed by a detailed examination of the progress in solvent engineering, encompassing the evolution from single solvent systems to more diverse configurations, as well as the shift from toxic solvents to those with lower toxicity or non-toxicity. Furthermore, we gain insights into the intermediate phases, large-area modules, and the cost and recovery aspects from a solvent perspective. Finally, this review concludes the current state of solvent engineering and identifies promising avenues for future research. © 2025

关键词： Cell engineering

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End-to-end optimization for a wide-field-of-view metalens with an aperture stop

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B: Optical Physics 2025年第5期42.0卷 1146-1153页

作者： Ren, Ziming Zhang, Jia Moghaddasi, Mojtaba Xiong, Chenjie Huang, Jianzhou Meng, Bo Hu, Bin National Key Laboratory on Near-surface Detection Beijing 100072 China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Mixed Reality and Advanced Display School of Optics and Photonics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation Beijing 100089 China State Key Laboratory of Luminescence Science and Technology Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130033 China

Metalenses have great application potential to realize ultra-compact wide-field-of-view (WFOV) optics for surveillance cameras, industrial vision, and medical imaging. Due to the relatively low fabrication requirement, metalenses with an aperture stop for WFOV have attracted much interest recently. However, most designs for this structure rely on commercial design software or exclude the optimization of the aperture size. This work proposes a design framework for a metalens with an aperture stop based on an end-to-end optimization for WFOV imaging, which achieves joint optimization of aperture diameter, substrate thickness, and metalens phase distribution. Using this framework, a metalens with an aperture that achieves a FOV of 160^◦ in the mid-infrared region is designed and demonstrated by both theoretical calculation and simulation. This work is expected to provide alternative design options for miniaturized WFOV imaging optical systems. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Biomedical imaging Imaging systems Optical imaging Optical systems Phase modulation Systems design

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Creating Sodium Ion Channels via De Novo Encapsulation of Ionophores for Enhanced Water Energy Harvesting

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advanced Materials 2025年第0期 e2420636页

作者： Guo, Qing Xing, Zhiwei Guo, Huaxi Lai, Zhuozhi Yi, Jiaming Wu, Di Dai, Zhifeng Zhang, Li Wang, Sai Ma, Shengqian Q., Sun Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou310018 China Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies Zhejiang Normal University Hangzhou311231 China Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1508 W Mulberry St DentonTX76201 United States

Biological ion channels achieve remarkable permselectivity and cation discrimination through the synergy of their intricate architectures and specialized ionophores within confined nanospaces, enabling efficient energy conversion. Emulating such selectivity in synthetic nanochannels, however, remains a persistent challenge. To address this, a novel host-guest assembly membrane is developed by incorporating sodium-selective ionophores into a β-ketoenamine-linked covalent organic framework (COF). This design confers exceptional permselectivity and Na+ selectivity, achieving Na+/K+ and Na+/Li+ selectivity ratios of 3.6 and 103, respectively, along with near-perfect Na+/Cl− selectivity under a 0.5 M || 0.01 M salinity gradient. Notably, the membrane dynamically switches its permselectivity to favor anion transport in the presence of high-valent cations (e.g., Ca2+), overcoming limitations such as uphill cation diffusion and back currents observed in conventional cation-selective membranes. This adaptive behavior yields a 4.6-fold increase in output power density in Ca2+-rich environments. These findings advance the design of biomimetic nanochannels with unparalleled ion selectivity and enhanced energy conversion efficiency. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Ionophores

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Improved high temperature stability and enhanced high-speed dry cutting performance of AlCrBN coatings by alloying with B

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International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 2025年 131卷

作者： Tao, Langlang Wang, Jianming Fang, Wei Cai, Fei Xu, Dongliang Zhang, Shihong Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials Ministry of Education Anhui University of Technology Anhui Province Anhui Maanshan City243000 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Technology Anhui Province Maanshan City243002 China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Anhui Water Conservancy Technical College Anhui Province China

Boron (B)-containing AlCrBN coatings are promising protective coatings for high-speed dry cutting application. In this work, AlCrBN coatings with various B contents (0 at.%, 2.9 at.%, and 4.8 at.% namely B0, B1, and B2) were synthesized, and their high-temperature and high-speed dry cutting performance were evaluated by the high-temperature vacuum annealing and high-speed dry cutting experiment. Comparing with B0 coating (AlCrN coating without B), B1 and B2 coatings delayed/suppressed the phase decomposition from fcc-(AlCr)N into h-AlN and Cr2N, and also suppressed the diffusion of Co from the substrate into the coating surface at an annealing temperature of 1000 °C. This also contributed to the high annealed hardness of 3400 HK0.05 at 1000 °C for B1 and B2 coatings. High-speed dry turning result showed that B1 coated insert exhibited a longer cutting time (13 min), required less cutting force, and had a lower coefficient of friction during the whole cutting process. The wear mechanisms are abrasive, adhesive, and oxidative on both rake faces and flank faces for all coated inserts, however, addition of B reduced its wear of a B1-coated insert. TEM results from the worn rake face of a B1-coated insert revealed that an oxide tribo-film composed of w-AlN and Al2O3 emerged upon the unaffected AlCrBN coating, further confirming the structural stability of the AlCrBN coating under high-speed dry cutting. © 2025

关键词： Aluminum coatings

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