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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ma, Chenjun Huang, Chen You, Yilong Liu, Huazhan Ding, Zhitong Ding, Mingchao Zhang, Jin Li, Guixin Sun, Zhipei Wu, Shiwei Ma, Chaojie Wang, Enge Hong, Hao Liu, Kaihui State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics School of Physics Peking University Beijing China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China QTF Centre of Excellence Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering Aalto University Espoo Finland State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai China International Centre for Quantum Materials Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter Peking University Beijing China Tsientang Institute for Advanced Study Zhejiang China Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials Peking University Beijing China

High harmonic generation (HHG) in solids could enable attosecond and ultraviolet light sources with high compactness, great controllability and rich functions. However, the HHG process is accompanied by a quite large wavevector mismatch that is uncompensated by any traditional phase-matching method, directly limiting its energy conversion efficiency. Here, we propose an effective strategy for phase-matching of HHG with arbitrary harmonic orders in solids. Two flakes of solids with an interlayer twist induce a nonlinear optical phase that depends on the crystal symmetry, twist angle and harmonic order, which can be accurately designed to compensate for the phase mismatch in HHG. Guided by the twist-phase-matching theory, we achieved a record-high conversion efficiency of ~1.5×10−5 for the fifth HHG in twisted hexagonal boron nitride crystals with a total thickness of only 1 µm. Our work establishes a foundation for developing ultrashort-wavelength and ultrafast-pulse laser sources in compact solid-state tabletop systems for fundamental and applied sciences. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nonlinear optics

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Inner Strain Regulation in Perovskite Single Crystals through Fine-Tuned Halide Composition

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Crystal Growth & Design 2021年第3期21卷 1741-1750页

作者： Haochen Ye Yucheng Liu Yunxia Zhang Zhuo Xu Jiaxue You Lili Gao Bing Li Zhou Yang Bobo Zhang Shengzhong Frank Liu Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology Institute for Advanced Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an 710119 China Shenyang National Laboratory (SYNL) for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shengyang 110016 China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Halide-composition engineering has been recognized as an effective means to stabilize formamidine (FA)-based perovskite (FAPbI3) in thin-film devices. However, the influence of a halide mixture on the lattice strain, trap density, carrier lifetime, and phase stability remains unclear. Herein, FAPbBrxI3–xsingle crystals (SCs) are grown as a model to study how halide composition would affect the inner strain and the optoelectronic properties. It is found that by gradually increasing the Br/I ratio from 0:1 to 1:0, the inner strain can be regulated. X-ray diffraction results show excellent phase stability of FAPbBrxI3–xSCs (stable in an ambient atmosphere over 1.5 years whenx≥ 0.5) because of the released expansion stress in the cubic lattice. The relevant photodetector presents good performance with an on–off ratio exceeding 103, a dark current as low as 10–10A, a linear dynamic range (LDR) of 111 dB, detectivity of 4 × 1011Jones, and long-term photostability. The present work paves a path toward the design of high-quality devices based on composition-optimized FAPbBrxI3–xSCs with predictable optoelectronic properties.

关键词： Sensors Electrical properties Electrical conductivity Perovskites Stability

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Positive spin Hall magnetoresistance in single-crystalline Pt/CoO(001) bilayers

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Physical Review B 2022年第13期106卷 134425-134425页

作者： Jia Xu Mengwen Jia Chao Zhou Qian Li Padraic Shafer Gong Chen Mengmeng Yang Alpha T. N’Diaye Elke Arenholz Ziqiang Qiu Yizheng Wu Department of Physics School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering Shaanxi University of Technology Hanzhong 723001 China Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230029 China Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics Georgetown University Washington DC 20057 USA Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China Department of Physics University of California at Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315 China

The spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) effect in single-crystalline Pt/CoO(001) bilayers has been systematically investigated. X-ray magnetic linear dichroism measurements prove that CoO antiferromagnetic (AFM) spins can be switched into the direction orthogonal to the applied field. We find the SMR signal is comprised of two components related to either the switching of CoO AFM Néel order or the applied strong field effect. Both SMR components show a “positive” angular dependence with R∥>R⊥, while R∥(R⊥) is defined as the resistance with the applied in-plane field parallel (perpendicular) to the current. The observed positive SMR is mainly attributed to the uncompensated spins at the Pt/CoO interface, instead of the CoO AFM spins. Our study may attract a great deal of interest to understand the complicated SMR effect in AFM spintronics materials.

关键词： Antiferromagnetism Magnetization switching Magnetoresistance Spin Hall magnetoresistance Antiferromagnets Interfaces Single crystal materials Thin films Hall bar Molecular beam epitaxy Resistivity measurements X-ray magnetic linear dichroism

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Unraveling the pseudocapacitive sodium-ion storage mechanism of birnessite in organic electrolytes

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年

作者： Qinyao Jiang Binhao Wang Zerui Yan Sicheng Fan Dafu Tang Biwei Xiao Qiulong Wei Department of Materials Science and Engineering Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials College of Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China GRINM (Guangdong) Research Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology Foshan 528051 China

Earth-abundant, layered birnessite is promising cathode for electrochemical capacitors due to the presence of confined nanofluids in interlayers for rapid ion storage. Previous work has demonstrated the capacitive co-intercalation of water and K + ions into birnessite in aqueous electrolytes, but in-depth quantitative investigations of the interactions between confined water and an external organic electrolyte are still lacking. In this work, we reveal the intercalation pseudocapacitance of hydrated birnessite (Na 0.4 MnO 2 ⋅0.53H 2 O) in sodium-based organic electrolytes via operando electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), and ex situ X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The Na + ions are completely desolvated at the Na 0.4 MnO 2 ⋅0.53H 2 O-organic electrolyte interfaces and intercalate into the interlayers, while the confined water does not co-extract. The net Na + intercalation is a pseudocapacitive behavior without phase changes, displaying a high capacitive contribution of 85.6% at 1.0 mV/s. Additionally, EQCM results indicate the contributions of cation-dominated electric double layer (EDL) adsorption to the total charge storage. By replacing different solvents and anions in sodium-based organic electrolytes, we verify that Na + pseudocapacitive intercalation dominates the charge storage properties.

关键词： Pseudocapacitance Sodium-ion storage Interlayer confinement Birnessite EQCM

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Heat Transport in Herbertsmithite: Can a Quantum Spin Liquid Survive Disorder?

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第26期127卷 267202-267202页

作者： Y. Y. Huang Y. Xu Le Wang C. C. Zhao C. P. Tu J. M. Ni L. S. Wang B. L. Pan Ying Fu Zhanyang Hao Cai Liu Jia-Wei Mei S. Y. Li State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) School of Physics and Electronic Science East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093 China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315 China

One favorable situation for spins to enter the long-sought quantum spin liquid (QSL) state is when they sit on a kagome lattice. No consensus has been reached in theory regarding the true ground state of this promising platform. The experimental efforts, relying mostly on one archetypal material ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2, have also led to diverse possibilities. Apart from subtle interactions in the Hamiltonian, there is the additional degree of complexity associated with disorder in the real material ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2 that haunts most experimental probes. Here we resort to heat transport measurement, a cleaner probe in which instead of contributing directly, the disorder only impacts the signal from the kagome spins. For ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2, we observed no contribution by any spin excitation nor obvious field-induced change to the thermal conductivity. These results impose strong constraints on various scenarios about the ground state of this kagome compound: while certain quantum paramagnetic states other than a QSL may serve as natural candidates, a QSL state, gapless or gapped, must be dramatically modified by the disorder so that the kagome spin excitations are localized.

关键词： Frustrated magnetism

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Multi-layer alternating structured alginate hydrogels featuring exceptional flexibility and electromagnetic shielding performance

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Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2025年 699卷

作者： Taian He Chuyang Liu Zhiwei Chen Chuanhui Nie Wangpeng Ren Yujing Zhang Hang Zhang Guangbin Ji School of Material Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 PR China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 PR China Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Surface Engineering AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute Beijing 100024 PR China

The booming development of flexible electronic devices requires innovate electromagnetic shielding materials integrated with both superior flexibility and absorption capacities. Hydrogels incorporated with conductive fillers emerge as formidable contenders while suffer inadequate electromagnetic shielding performance and significant secondary pollution. In this work, the efficient synergy of CNTs and Co nanoparticles bestowed the hydrogel with both favorable dielectric and magnetic loss for efficient electromagnetic shielding performance. Concurrently, the Co-CNT hydrogel film exhibits a certain mechanical property owing to the hydrogen bonds between CNT/Co-CNT particles and SA hydrogel. Furthermore, the design of multi-layer structure, intricately interspersed with fillers of Co-CNT and CNT in an alternating pattern, features an “absorption-reflection-reabsorption” mechanism to reinforce the dissipation of electromagnetic waves within the hydrogels. Ultimately, the CNT/Co-CNT multi-layer hydrogel achieves an outstanding mechanical flexibility and considerable electromagnetic shielding performance of 41 dB at 0.7 mm, while the SE A /SE T value is greater than 85 %, which is conspicuously superior to the majority of electromagnetic shielding conductive hydrogel materials. This work offers a novel idea for the development of intelligent flexible EMI shielding materials and holds latent application prospects in the fields of wearable smart devices and military applications.

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Towards sustainable and intelligent urban transportation: A novel deep transfer reinforcement learning framework for eco-driving of fuel cell buses

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Energy 2025年 330卷

作者： Ruchen Huang Hongwen He Qicong Su Jingda Wu National Key Laboratory of Advanced Vehicle Integration and Control Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Munich 80333 Germany Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

Eco-driving is a sustainable technology that optimizes both energy management and speed planning for electrified vehicles. Particularly when combined with emerging deep reinforcement learning (DRL) techniques, eco-driving strategies (EDSs) can be more intelligent. However, current research on eco-driving, namely the holistic solution, lags behind the advancements in its sub-problem namely energy management, and the development of DRL-based EDSs remains time-consuming. Since energy management is a sub-task of eco-driving, it offers a potential way to rapidly develop EDSs by reusing pre-trained energy management strategies (EMSs). Based on this, this paper proposes an expedited method for developing soft actor-critic (SAC) based EDSs for fuel cell buses (FCBs) in the vehicle-following scenario. To ensure that SAC-based EMSs can be effectively transferred to EDSs, an innovative heterogeneous deep transfer reinforcement learning framework is designed. Within this framework, all the knowledge learned in the source EMS can be transferred and reused by the target EDS. More importantly, the transferability of heterogeneous deep neural networks and heterogeneous experience replay buffers is particularly verified. Simulation results show that the proposed framework provides a 71.01 % acceleration in convergence speed and a 7.30 % improvement in fuel economy. This article contributes to correlating different optimization tasks of FCBs through advanced artificial intelligence technologies.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Amorphous Quantum Dots Co-Catalyst: Defect Level Induced Solar-to-Hydrogen Production

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Guo, Shuangyong Ji, Yujin Li, Youyong Li, Hui An, Pengfei Zhang, Jing Yan, Junqing Liu, Shengzhong Ma, Tianyi Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an710119 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry Centre for Translational Atomaterials Australia Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

Photocatalytic water splitting has been regarded as the most economical means for the production of green hydrogen. However, the conversion efficiency of photocatalytic water splitting is still low. Herein, a uniform dispersion of amorphous and nanosized CuOx species is in-situ loaded on the surface of TiO2 to form am-CuOx/TiO2, representing the first-of-its-kind amorphous quantum dots as the co-catalysts for photocatalytic process. Their CuOx particles anchor on the surface of TiO2 via bondings between the surface Ti and Cu as confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements. Notably, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy coupled with density functional theory calculations indicates that the defect energy levels of CuOx act as the collection centers of the electrons photogenerated by TiO2. Therefore, the am-CuOx/TiO2 catalyst exhibits photocatalytic H2 evolution rate of 19.14 μmol/h under LED-365 illumination with the record-breaking AQE value of 52.29%. This work will enable the design of more efficient photocatalytic green H2 evolution. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Manipulating high Curie temperature of Sm/Ag doped ZnO monolayers by first-principles GGA+U study

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Journal of molecular graphics & modelling 2025年 140卷 109101页

作者： Hao Yuan Yanfang Zhao Yuanbin Xiao Bing Yang Wei Ding Jian Lv School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 China. School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 China Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province Higher Education Institutes (Changzhou University) Changzhou 213164 China. Electronic address: zhaoyanfang@***. Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province Higher Education Institutes (Changzhou University) Changzhou 213164 China. Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province Higher Education Institutes (Changzhou University) Changzhou 213164 China Centre for Advanced Laser Manufacturing (CALM) School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255000 China. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Suzhou University of Technology Changshu 215500 China.

This work studies the electronic structure, and magnetic properties of Sm/Ag doped ZnO monolayer by first-principles GGA + U calculations. The results show Sm-doped ZnO monolayer exhibits stable room temperature ferromagnetism with a high magnetic moment of 5.91 μB per unit. The total magnetic moment of the system is mainly contributed by Sm-4f, and the high Curie temperature results from the strong ferromagnetic coupling between the adjacent Sm atoms. The Ag-doped ZnO monolayers undergo magnetic quenching with the Ag doping concentration from 6.25 at.% to 12.5 at.%, which is extremely advantageous for designing and manufacturing magnetic switches. The ZnO monolayer shifts between the non-magnetic to the antiferromagnetic as the distance between neighboring two Ag atoms changes. In Sm-Ag co-doped ZnO monolayer, the Sm atom and Ag atom spin in opposite directions, and the magnetic moments partially cancel out, and the total magnetic moment of the system decreases. In addition, Sm/Ag mono-doped and Sm-Ag co-doped ZnO monolayer exhibited half-metallic behavior due to the impurity energy levels introduced in the bandgap by Sm/Ag dopant, and calculations of the formation energy show that dopants are prone to aggregate. This research may provide a reference for modifying the material properties of ZnO monolayers and designing nano-electronic and spintronic devices.

关键词： Electronic structure First-principles calculations Magnetic property Sm/Ag-doped ZnO monolayer

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Low Temperature Mechanical Behavior of Fine- and Ultrafine-Grained 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel Fabricated by Cryogenic-Rolling and Annealing

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zheng, Chengsi Hu, Lei Zhen, Qiannan Tang, Yang Wang, Yongqiang Li, Na Jiang, Heng Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials Anhui University of Technology Ministry of Education Maanshan243002 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Technology Maanshan243002 China Suzhou Apintec New Material Co. Ltd. Suzhou215000 China School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Maanshan243002 China National Safety Engineering Technology Research Center for Pressure Vessels and Pipelines Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co. Ltd. Hefei230031 China

Fine-grained (FG) austenite structure, and ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure consisting of austenite matrix and residual strain-induced α′-martensite (SIMα′ ) were fabricated by combining cryogenic-rolling with annealing for 304 austenitic stainless steel (ASS). Tensile and Charpy V-notch impact tests at 20–298 K were carried out to investigate the low temperature mechanical behavior of FG- and UFG-ASS. We found that FG-ASS showed a better match among strength, plasticity and toughness at 20–298 K. The prevailing cleavage was observed in the fracture surface of UFG-ASS at 77 K and 20 K, resulting from the inhibited SIMα′ transformation and residual SIM α′. Both single serration of FG- and UFG-ASS can be divided into Stage I–IV at 20 K, in which Stage II exhibited two mini work-hardening types of three-stage and continuous-reduction. Stress cliff fall, abrupt increase of strain and instantaneous strain rate were found simultaneously during Stage III. The critical temperature to occur serrated flow increased and the serrated flow intensified with refining grain size, accompanying with that more SIMα′ and more stacking faults were detected in FG- and UFG-ASS, respectively. This paper indicated that there was a strong grain size-dependent interaction between serrated flow and SIMα′ transformation for metastable ASS, which was also in favor of understanding the grain size-dependent serrated flow of other metastable alloys. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Temperature

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