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Evolving Design Modifiers

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Evolving Design Modifiers

IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)

作者： Simon Hickinbotham Rahul Dubey Imelda Friel Andrew Colligan Mark Price Andy Tyrrell Intelligent Systems & Robotics Research Group School of Physics Engineering and Technology University of York UK School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Queen's University Belfast

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487696

Evolutionary Developmental biology (EvoDevo) is a process of directed growth whose mechanisms could be used in an evolutionary algorithm for engineering applications. engineering design can be thought of as a search through a high-dimensional design space for a small number of solutions that are optimal by various metrics. Configuring this search within an EvoDevo algorithm may allow developmental processes to provide a facility to give more immediate, localised feedback to the system as it grows into its final optimal configuration (form). This approach would augment current design practices. The main components needed to run EvoDevo for engineering design are set out in this paper, and these are developed into an algorithm for initial investigations, resulting in evolved neural network-based structural design modifying operators that optimise the structure of a planar truss in an iterative, decentralized manner against multiple objectives. Preliminary results are presented which show that the two levels feedback at the Evo and Devo stages drive the system to ultimately produce feasible solutions.

关键词： Evolutionary computation Extraterrestrial measurements Iterative algorithms Biology Genetic algorithms

Ordinal Motifs in Lattices

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hirth, Johannes Horn, Viktoria Stumme, Gerd Hanika, Tom Knowledge & Data Engineering Group University of Kassel Germany Gender/Diversity in Informatiksystemen University of Kassel Germany Interdisciplinary Research Center for Information System Design University of Kassel Germany Intelligent Information Systems University of Hildesheim Germany

Lattices are a commonly used structure for the representation and analysis of relational and ontological knowledge. In particular, the analysis of these requires a decomposition of a large and high-dimensional lattice into a set of understandably large parts. With the present work we propose /ordinal motifs/ as analytical units of meaning. We study these ordinal substructures (or standard scales) through order-embeddings and (full) scale-measures of formal contexts from the field of formal concept analysis. We show that the underlying decision problems are NP-complete and provide results on how one can incrementally identify ordinal motifs to save computational effort. Accompanying our theoretical results, we demonstrate how ordinal motifs can be leveraged to achieve textual explanations based on principles from human computer *** Codes 06A15 03G10 68T30 68T27 Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Formal concept analysis

Image segmentation via two-step deep variational priors

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Pattern Recognition Letters 2025年 195卷 44-50页

作者： Tan, Lu Tai, Xue-Cheng Li, Ling Liu, Wan-Quan Chan, Raymond H. Hong, Dan-Feng School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Bengbu University Bengbu Anhui China Bergen Norway Curtin University Perth Australia School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen China Department of Operations and Risk Management and School of Data Science Lingnan University Tuen Mun Hong Kong Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering Hong Kong Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This paper proposes an iterative deep variational approach for image segmentation in a fusion manner: it is not only able to realize selective segmentation, but can also alleviate the issue of parameter/initialization dependency. Moreover, it possesses a refinement process designed to handle challenging scenarios, such as images containing obscured, damaged, or absent objects, or those with complex backgrounds. Our proposed approach consists of two main procedures, i.e., selective segmentation and shape transformation. The first procedure works as a stem in a totally unsupervised way. A convolutional neural network (CNN) based architecture is properly incorporated into the selective weighting constrained variational segmentation model. The second procedure is to further refine the outputs. This part can be achieved in two ways: one direction is to establish a joint model with the semantic shape constraint. The other technical direction is to make the shape descriptor separated from the joint model and work as an individual unit. In the proposed approach, the minimization problem is transformed from iterative minimization for each variable to automatically minimizing the loss function by learning the generator network parameters. This also leads to a good inductive bias associated with classic variational methods. Extensive experiments have demonstrated the significant advantages. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

A Novel Statistical Preprocessing Approach for Hyperspectral Image Unmixing

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A Novel Statistical Preprocessing Approach for Hyperspectral...

2021 IEEE India Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, InGARSS 2021

作者： Kowkabi, Fatemeh Keshavarz, Ahmad Kumar, Lalit Islamic Azad University College of Engineering Marvdasht Branch Department of Electrical Engineering Marvdasht Iran Persian Gulf University IoT and Signal Processing Research Group Ict Research Institute Faculty of Intelligent Systems Engineering and Data Science Bushehr*** Iran EastCoast Geospatial Consultants ArmidaleNSW2350 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665442497

Hyperspectral images have wide application in different commercial and military missions. However, these images suffer from the low spatial resolution, and hence, spectral unmixing has been proposed as a suitable technique to solve this deficiency. Recently, some preprocessing modules have been proposed which use the combination of spatial and spectral information of image pixels with the purpose of improving endmember extraction and spectral unmixing in hyperspectral images. In this paper, we propose a statistical preprocessing algorithm using weighted extended cumulative entropy (WECE) as the Edge Detection algorithm to identify spectrally pure pixels and KL distance estimation using the mean and covariance values of pure oversegments and their neighbors to find the spatially homogenous and spectrally pure pixels for the next endmember extraction algorithms. Moreover, the average of KL distances are applied due to the reduction of noise power and local spectral variability. The performance of the novel statistical preprocessing algorithm has been compared with the sate-of-the-art in terms of RMSE reconstruction and average SAD errors on two real hyperspectral images known as HYDICE urban and AVIRIS Indian Pines in combination with several endmember extraction (EE) algorithms and its efficiency is evaluated. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Entropy

Multi-Agent 3D Map Reconstruction and Change Detection in Microgravity with Free-Flying Robots

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dinkel, Holly Di, Julia Santos, Jamie Albee, Keenan Borges, Paulo Moreira, Marina Alexandrov, Oleg Coltin, Brian Smith, Trey Department of Aerospace Engineering The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Physics Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Maritime and Multi-Agent Autonomy Group The Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA United States Robotics and Autonomous Systems Group CSIRO Data61 BrisbaneQLD Australia Intelligent Robotics Group The NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA United States

Assistive free-flyer robots autonomously caring for future crewed outposts—such as NASA’s Astrobee robots on the International Space Station (ISS)—must be able to detect day-to-day interior changes to track inventory, detect and diagnose faults, and monitor the outpost status. This work presents a framework for multi-agent cooperative mapping and change detection to enable robotic maintenance of space outposts. One agent is used to reconstruct a 3D model of the environment from sequences of images and corresponding depth information. Another agent is used to periodically scan the environment for inconsistencies against the 3D model. Change detection is validated after completing the surveys using real image and pose data collected by Astrobee robots in a ground testing environment and from microgravity aboard the ISS. This work outlines the objectives, requirements, and algorithmic modules for the multi-agent reconstruction system, including recommendations for its use by assistive free-flyers aboard future microgravity outposts. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Space stations

Short-Time Variational Mode Decomposition

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Jia, Hao Cao, Pengfei Liang, Tong Caiafa, Cesar F. Sun, Zhe Kushihashi, Yasuhiro Grau, Antoni Bolea, Yolanda Duan, Feng Solé-Casals, Jordi School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Interventional Brain-Computer Interface and Intelligent Rehabilitation Tianjin China Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain Mechanical Systems Engineering Nippon Institute of Technology Saitama Japan Villa Elisa Argentina Computational Bioengineering Laboratory Faculty of Health Data Science Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Data and Signal Processing Research Group University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia Vic Spain

Variational mode decomposition (VMD) and its extensions like Multivariate VMD (MVMD) decompose signals into ensembles of band-limited modes with narrow central frequencies. These methods utilize Fourier transformations to shift signals between time and frequency domains. However, since Fourier transformations span the entire time-domain signal, they are suboptimal for non-stationary time series. We introduce Short-Time Variational Mode Decomposition (STVMD), an innovative extension of the VMD algorithm that incorporates the Short-Time Fourier transform (STFT) to minimize the impact of local disturbances. STVMD segments signals into short time windows, converting these segments into the frequency domain. It then formulates a variational optimization problem to extract band-limited modes representing the windowed data. The optimization aims to minimize the sum of the bandwidths of these modes across the windowed data, extending the cost functions used in VMD and MVMD. Solutions are derived using the alternating direction method of multipliers, ensuring the extraction of modes with narrow bandwidths. STVMD is divided into dynamic and non-dynamic types, depending on whether the central frequencies vary with time. Our experiments show that non-dynamic STVMD is comparable to VMD with properly sized time windows, while dynamic STVMD better accommodates non-stationary signals, evidenced by reduced mode function errors and tracking of dynamic central frequencies. This effectiveness is validated by steady-state visual-evoked potentials in electroencephalogram signals. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost functions

Unsupervised Change Detection for Space Habitats Using 3D Point Clouds

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Santos, Jamie Dinkel, Holly Di, Julia Borges, Paulo V.K. Moreira, Marina Alexandrov, Oleg Coltin, Brian Smith, Trey Department of Physics Chalmers University Gothenburg41296 Sweden Department of Aerospace Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Robotics and Autonomous Systems Group CSIRO BrisbaneQLD Australia Intelligent Robotics Group NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA94305 United States

This work presents an algorithm for scene change detection from point clouds to enable autonomous robotic caretaking in future space habitats. Autonomous robotic systems will help maintain future deep-space habitats, such as the Gateway space station, which will be uncrewed for extended periods. Existing scene analysis software used on the International Space Station (ISS) relies on manually-labeled images for detecting changes. In contrast, the algorithm presented in this work uses unlabeled point clouds as inputs. The algorithm first applies modified Expectation-Maximization Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) clustering to two input point clouds. It then performs change detection by comparing the GMMs using the Earth Mover’s Distance. The algorithm is validated quantitatively and qualitatively using a test dataset collected by an Astrobee robot in the NASA Ames Granite Lab comprising single frame depth images taken directly by Astrobee and full-scene reconstructed maps built with RGB-D and pose data from Astrobee. The runtimes of the approach are also analyzed in depth. The source code is publicly released to promote further development. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： NASA

Hierarchical Context Modeling Network for Landmark Recognition

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Hierarchical Context Modeling Network for Landmark Recogniti...

IEEE International Conference on data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Xing Bao Huan Zheng Zhao Zhang Zhengjun Zha Meng Wang School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Aerospace Information Research Institute Suzhou China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (Ministry of Education) & Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Kunming China

Landmark recognition stands as a prominent classification challenge within the domain of vision and perception, involving the identification and localization of landmarks in images. However, existing landmark recognition methods often fall short in delivering satisfactory performance. A critical issue lies in the lack of simultaneous exploration of local, regional, and global modeling. Intuitively, the local details, regional features, and global structure within an image, especially of a building, significantly contribute to landmark recognition. To address this issue, we propose a novel approach, termed Hierarchical Context Modeling Network (HCMNet), for landmark recognition. In our methodology, we introduce a Hierarchical Context Modeling Block (HCMB) designed with a triplet-branch structure to model image context in a hierarchical manner. These branches consist of the local branch, which leverages a convolutional layer to capture local details, the regional branch focused on extracting regional features through large-kernel asymmetrical convolutional layers, and the global branch aims at encompassing the broader context by incorporating channel attention. To enhance the modeling capacity, we assemble multiple HCMBs into the HCMNet, creating a hierarchical structure. Comprehensive experiments validate the efficacy of the proposed HCMNet for landmark recognition, showcasing its superior performance compared to current methods. The proposed hierarchical context modeling approach proves instrumental in capturing the intricate features essential for accurate landmark recognition.

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ODFormer: Semantic Fundus Image Segmentation Using Transformer for Optic Nerve Head Detection

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Jiayi Mao, Yi-An Ma, Xiaoyu Guo, Sicen Shao, Yuting Lv, Xiao Han, Wenting Christopher, Mark Zangwill, Linda M. Bi, Yanlong Fan, Rui Group The College of Electronics & Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems The State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Autonomous Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai201210 China School of Life Science Shanghai University 99 Shangda Avenue Baoshan District Shanghai200444 China Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital School of Medicine Tongji University Shanghai200071 China Hamilton Glaucoma Center Division of Ophthalmology Informatics and Data Science Shiley Eye Institute Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92037 United States Tongji Eye Institute School of Medicine Tongji University Shanghai200071 China

Optic nerve head (ONH) detection has been a crucial area of study in ophthalmology for years. However, the significant discrepancy between fundus image datasets, each generated using a single type of fundus camera, poses challenges to the generalizability of ONH detection approaches developed based on semantic segmentation networks. Despite the numerous recent advancements in general-purpose semantic segmentation methods using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformers, there is currently a lack of benchmarks for these state-of-the-art (SoTA) networks specifically trained for ONH detection. Therefore, in this article, we make contributions from three key aspects: network design, the publication of a dataset, and the establishment of a comprehensive benchmark. Our newly developed ONH detection network, referred to as ODFormer, is based upon the Swin Transformer architecture and incorporates two novel components: a multi-scale context aggregator and a lightweight bidirectional feature recalibrator. Our published large-scale dataset, known as TongjiU-DROD, provides multi-resolution fundus images for each participant, captured using two distinct types of cameras. Our established benchmark involves three datasets: DRIONS-DB, DRISHTI-GS1, and TongjiU-DROD, created by researchers from different countries and containing fundus images captured from participants of diverse races and ages. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our proposed ODFormer outperforms other state-of-the-art (SoTA) networks in terms of performance and generalizability. Our dataset and source code are publicly available at ***/ODFormer. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation