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Probing Rotational Decoherence with a Trapped-Ion Planar Rotor

Physical Review Letters 2025年第3期134卷 033601-033601页

作者： Neil Glikin Benjamin A. Stickler Ryan Tollefsen Sara Mouradian Neha Yadav Erik Urban Klaus Hornberger Hartmut Häffner Department of Physics University of California Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA Challenge Institute for Quantum Computation University of California Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA Institute for Complex Quantum Systems and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology Ulm University Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89069 Ulm Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA Present address: Exponent Inc. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Practice Warrenville Illinois USA. University of Duisburg-Essen Faculty of Physics Lotharstraße 1 47057 Duisburg Germany

The quantum rotor is one of the simplest model systems in quantum mechanics, but only in recent years has theoretical work revealed general fundamental scaling laws for its decoherence. For example, a superposition of orientations decoheres at a rate proportional to the sine squared of the angle between them. Here, we observe scaling laws for rotational decoherence dynamics for the first time, using a 4 μm diameter planar rotor composed of two Paul-trapped ions. We prepare the rotational motion of the ion crystal into superpositions of angular momentum with well-defined differences ranging from 1−3ℏ, and measure the rate of decoherence. We also tune the system-environment interaction strength by introducing resonant electric field noise. The observed scaling relationships for decoherence are in excellent agreement with recent theoretical work, and are directly relevant to the growing development of rotor-based quantum applications.

关键词： Trapped ions

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When invariable cross sections change: The Electron-Ion Collider case

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Physical Review D 2021年第5期103卷 L051901-L051901页

作者： Krzysztof Piotrzkowski Mariusz Przybycien Centre for Cosmology Particle Physics and Phenomenology Université catholique de Louvain 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Aleje Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland

In everyday research, it is tacitly assumed that scattering cross sections have fixed values for a given particle species, center-of-mass energy, and particle polarization. However, this assumption has been called into question after several observations of suppression of high-energy bremsstrahlung. This process will play a major role in experiments at the future Electron-Ion Collider, and we show how variations of the bremsstrahlung cross section can be profoundly studied there using the lateral beam displacements. In particular, we predict a very strong increase of the observed cross sections for large beam separations. We also discuss the relation of these elusive effects to other quantum phenomena occurring over macroscopic distances. In this context, spectacular and possibly useful properties of the coherent bremsstrahlung at the Electron-Ion Collider are also evaluated.

关键词： Beam diagnostics Particle interactions Quantum electrodynamics

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Processing of Rare Skin Disease Multispectral Images 19th

Processing of Rare Skin Disease Multispectral Images

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19th Nordic-Baltic Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Medical physics, NBC 2023

作者： Plorina, Emilija V. Saulus, Kristine Kiss, Norbert Rudzitis, Ainars Linova, Tatjana Bliznuks, Dmitrijs Lihachev, Alexey Lihacova, Ilze Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy University of Latvia Jelgavas 3 Riga Latvia Department of Dermatology Venerology and Dermatooncology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital Pilsonu 13 Riga Latvia Health Center 4 Dermatology Clinic Skanstes 50 Riga Latvia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Riga Technical University Kipsalas 6A Riga Latvia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031371318

Rare disease has become an emerging public health priority in the European Union. The low prevalence leads to lack of knowledge and expertise in diagnosing and treating these conditions. New approaches should be found to identify, assess, and diagnose symptoms associated with rare disease. Neurofibromatosis type I, Fabry disease and Pseudoxanthoma elasticum are rare multi-organ diseases with characteristic skin manifestations. In this study a skin imaging approach previously used for skin cancer imaging was used to assess skin lesions associated with these rare diseases. The device combines diffuse reflectance imaging with 526, 663 and 964 nm illumination and autofluorescence imaging with 405 nm excitation. Image pre-processing was done using MATLAB and ImageJ. Imaging parameters were extracted using Python. The parameters were compared to similar skin lesions which are not associated with disease. A multiparameter analysis was shown to differentiate lesions characteristic of Neurofibromatosis type I from similar lesions, however, this approach was not as effective for differentiating Pseudoxanthoma elasticum plaques and Fabry disease induced angiokeratoma from similar lesions. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Diseases

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Controllable spin filtering and half metallicity in β12-borophene nanoribbons

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Norouzi, Fahimeh Farokhnezhad, Mohsen Esmaeilzadeh, Mahdi Szafran, Bartlomiej Department of Physics Iran University of Science and Technology Narmak Tehran16844 Iran Tehran19395-5531 Iran AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science al. Mickiewicza 30 Kraków30-059 Poland

The experimental observation of the Dirac fermion states in β12-borophene sheets and the discovery of their novel topological properties have made them a promising candidate for spintronic applications. Here, by combining non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) and tight-binding (TB) approximation, we study the charge and spin transport properties through a β12-borophene nanoribbon (BNR) with the different edge shapes. We show when a BNR exposed to a nonlocal exchange magnetic field, the spin filtering occurs for both spin-up and spin-down so that the spin direction of transmitted electrons could be controlled by adjusting the energy of incoming electrons with the help of an external backgate voltage. It is found that an armchair BNR (ABNR) in the simultaneous presence of a transverse electric field and a nonlocal exchange field indicates a half-metallic nature which is electrically controllable. Moreover, the influence of local exchange fields is evaluated by exposing the edges of ABNR to ferromagnetic strips with parallel and anti-parallel configurations. Our findings show that the edge manipulations in ABNRs lead to the emergence of a giant magnetoresistance and a perfect spin filter. Finally, we studied the effects of edge vacancies and Anderson disorder on the spin-dependent conductance of an ABNR and find that the perfect spin polarization is not destroyed in the presence of Anderson disorder and various single vacancies. Our results reveal the outstanding spin transport properties of ABNRs for future spintronic devices. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanoribbons

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Factorial cumulants from global baryon number conservation

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Physical Review C 2020年第6期102卷 064908-064908页

作者： Michał Barej Adam Bzdak AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science 30-059 Kraków Poland

The proton, antiproton, and mixed proton-antiproton factorial cumulants originating from the global conservation of baryon number are calculated analytically up to the sixth order. Our results can be directly tested i... 详细信息

关键词： Particle correlations & fluctuations Relativistic heavy-ion collisions

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Flower automata pattern-based discrimination of fibromyalgia from control subjects using fusion of sleep EEG and ECG signals

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 99032-99047页

作者： Barua, Prabal Datta Kobayashi, Makiko Dogan, Sengul Baygin, Mehmet Tuncer, Turker Paul, Jose Kunnel Iype, Thomas Acharya, U.R. Australia Kumamoto University Graduate School of Science and Technology Kumamoto860-8555 Japan Kumamoto860-8555 Japan Firat University Technology Faculty Department of Digital Forensics Engineering Elazig Turkey Erzurum Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Department of Computer Engineering Erzurum Turkey Government Medical College Department of Neurology Kerala Thiruvananthapuram India University of Southern Queensland School of Mathematics Physics and Computing Springfield Australia

Electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram(ECG) signals provide vital insights into brain and heart activity and are widely used in automated medical diagnostics. This study introduces a novel, multimodal fibromyalgia detection system developed by the fusion of EEG and ECG signals recorded during sleep stages 2 and 3. The novelty of the model is the use of dynamic and interpretable feature engineering framework comprising of two innovations: (i) Flower Automata Pattern (FAP) for self-organized pattern-based feature extraction, and (ii) Attention-Driven Wavelet Transform and Absolute Maximum Pooling (ADWTAMP) method for signal decomposition and compression. Three feature selection strategies—Neighborhood Component Analysis (NCA), Chi2, and the intersection of NCA and Chi2 (NCA˄Chi2) —are employed to generate robust feature vectors, which are classified using k-nearest neighbors (kNN) and support vector machine (SVM) under the leave-one-record-out cross-validation (LORO CV) scheme. The final decision is derived through an iterative voting and greedy fusion approach. The proposed model achieved classification accuracies of 99.36% and 98.37% for sleep stages 2 and 3, respectively. Key advantages of the model include its high accuracy, low computational requirements (CPU-only execution), and explainable architecture. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first multimodal automata-based classification framework designed for fibromyalgia detection. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Electrocardiography

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A Portable 3D-Printed Dielectric Lens Antennas for Liquid-Mixture Characterization

A Portable 3D-Printed Dielectric Lens Antennas for Liquid-Mi...

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International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP)

作者： Patchadaporn Sangpet Prayoot Akkaraekthalin Wanwisa Thaiwirot Nutapong Somjit Sukanya Chudpooti Nonchanutt Chudpooti Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom Department of Industrial Physics and Medical Instrumentation Faculty of Applied Science King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand

The Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method is utilized in this research to present dielectric lens antennas that were 3D printed. The ultra-wideband (UWB) stub antenna’s antenna characteristic is intended to be improved by the 3D-printed dielectric lens antennas. The proportion of ethanol in the liquid mixture sample is categorized using the transmission-line measuring technique. The device-under-test (DUT) is placed between two 3D-printed dielectric lens antennas. The glass bottle is filled with a 100-ml liquid sample and covered with a plastic cap. The 3D EM Simulation CST Studio is used to optimize the 10 mm gap between the dielectric lens antennas and the DUT. Six concentrations of the ethanol/water mixture, such as empty, 60%, 65%, 70%, and 80%, are measured to examine the measurement system. The measurement outcomes indicate the various S21 (transmission coefficient) levels between 9 GHz and 11 GHz. According to the trend of the suggested system, the level of the transmission coefficient, S21, will change downward when the proportion of ethanol is increased. Several better advantages, such as a non-destructive method, non-contact measurement, and support with a real-time monitoring system, are provided by the transmission-line measuring methodology using 3D-printed dielectric lens antennas.

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physics-Informed Neural Network for Solving Buckley-Leverett Equation of Plane Radial Flow

Physics-Informed Neural Network for Solving Buckley-Leverett...

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Data-driven Optimization of Complex Systems (DOCS), International Conference on

作者： Jianpeng Zang Yizhuo Song Junting Bai Kai Zhang Jian Wang Sergey V. Ablameyko School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao China Engineering and Computer Science New York University Shanghai Shanghai China College of Science China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Civil Engineering School Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao China Faculty of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Belarusian State University Minsk Belarus

ISBN: (数字)9798350377842

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377859

The Buckley-Leverett (BL) equation of plane radial flow describes the flow state of two phases of oil and water in an ideal planar porous medium. It is a nonlinear hyperbolic conservation partial differential equation (PDE) with a jump value, making it difficult to solve numerically. This paper presents a physics-informed neural network (PINN) with entropy constraints to solve the BL equation of plane radial flow. Specifically, the Oleinik entropy condition is used to limit the change of the relationship between water content and saturation in accordance with the physical law, which does not change the structure of the target PDE to be fitted by the model. Benefit from the interpretability of PINN and its fit in solving PDE problems, the model can be trained in an unsupervised way, thus eliminating the effort of obtaining sample labels. The experimental results show that the root mean square error fluctuates between the interval [0.03436,0.16054], indicating a good fitting effect. Especially the jump value, which refers to the position of the leading edge of water saturation, can be clearly output by the model.

关键词： Partial differential equations Oils Neural networks Fitting Water conservation Mathematical models Entropy Surface fitting Root mean square Optimization

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Limited Dissolution of Transition Metals in the Nanocrystalline Cerium (IV) Oxide

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Ducka, Agata Blaszczak, Patryk Zając, Marcin Mizera, Adrian d'Acapito, Francesco Bochentyn, Beata Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics Gdansk University of Technology ul. Narutowicza 11/12 Gdańsk80-233 Poland National Synchrotron Radiation Centre SOLARIS Jagiellonian University Czerwone Maki 98 Kraków30-392 Poland Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics AGH University of Science and Technology Al. A. Mickiewicza 30 Kraków30-059 Poland 2CNR-IOM-OGG c/o ESRF-The European Synchrotron 71 Avenue des Martyrs Grenoble38000 France

Nanocrystalline transition metal-doped (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, or Cu) cerium (IV) oxides were synthesized by the reverse microemulsion method and were characterized using complementary techniques to verify the formation of multiphase material. The studies on as-synthesized oxides revealed the formation of finely dispersed oxides on the ceria surface. Due to nanocrystallinity, no additional phases were found in the as-synthesized diffraction patterns. The nanocrystallinity precludes proper phase identification, thus the XRD measurement was repeated on the recrystallized oxides and revealed the formation of small amount of respective transition metals oxides. By means of both diffraction and spectroscopy analyses, it was found that the highest share of Mn was incorporated into the ceria lattice, while Cu tends to form surficial oxides. The work presented herein states that 10 mol.% cannot be fully incorporated into the ceria lattice to form a solid solution without the segregation of other phases on the surface. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transition metals

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Positronium and Quantum Entanglement Imaging: A New Trend in Positron Emission Tomography

Positronium and Quantum Entanglement Imaging: A New Trend in...

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2021 IEEE Nuclear science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2021

作者： Moskal, Pawel Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Cracow Poland Jagiellonian University Total-Body Jagiellonian-PET Laboratory Cracow Poland Jagiellonian University Theranostics Center Cracow Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421133

We report on the progress in the development of positronium imaging and quantum entanglement imaging achieved thus far by the J-PET collaboration. Positronium (a bound state of electron and positron) is copiously produced in the human body during positron emission tomography. Its properties depend on the size of the intra-molecular voids and concentration in them of molecules as e.g. molecular oxygen. Therefore, positronium may serve as a biomarker of tissue pathology and hypoxia. Recently, the positronium imaging method was developed and the first positronium images of phantoms comprised of tumor cardiac myxoma and healthy adipose tissues were created by means of the J-PET tomograph. A significant difference in mean positronium lifetime in cardiac myxoma and adipose tissues opens promising perspectives for the application of positronium as a cancer diagnostic indicator. It is also important to note that photons originating from the decay of positronium are quantum entangled in polarisation. Thus, it can be hypothesized that by measuring the degree of entanglement of photons from positronium annihilation, additional information can be obtained about the molecular environment in which the positronium is formed. J-PET is the first PET system enabling the determination of linear polarisation of annihilation photons. The measurements performed with the J-PET detector confirm that the distribution of relative angle between the polarization of 511 keV back-to-back photons is consistent with the assumption that these photons are quantum entangled. These results open up prospects for the study of quantum entanglement of photons from positronium annihilation in living organisms. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Photons

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