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Applications of Raman Spectroscopy in Clinical Medicine

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Qi, Yaping Chen, Esther Xinyi Hu, Dan Yang, Ying Wu, Zhenping Zheng, Ming Sadi, Mohammad A. Jiang, Yucheng Zhang, Kang Chen, Zi Chen, Yong P. Department of Engineering Science Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Av. Wai Long China Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Faculty of Medicine Macau University of Science and Technology Av. Wai Long China State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China School of Materials Science and Physics China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application School of Physical Science and Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Suzhou215009 China Division of Thoracic Surgery Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School 75 Francis Street BostonMA02115 United States Institute of Physics and Astronomy Villum Center for Hybrid Quantum Materials and Devices Aarhus University AarhusC 8000 Denmark

Raman spectroscopy provides spectral information related to the specific molecular structures of substances and has been well established as a powerful tool for studying biological tissues and diagnosing diseases. This article reviews recent advances in Raman spectroscopy and its applications in diagnosing various critical diseases, including cancers, infections, and neurodegenerative diseases, and in predicting surgical outcomes. These advances are explored through discussion of state-of-the-art forms of Raman spectroscopy, such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, resonance Raman spectroscopy, and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy employed in biomedical sciences. We discuss biomedical applications, including various aspects and methods of ex vivo and in vivo medical diagnosis, sample collection, data processing, and achievements in realizing the correlation between Raman spectra and biochemical information in certain diseases. Finally, we present the limitations of the current study and provide perspectives for future research. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： COVID-19

Spring-mass behavior of solitons under the influence of an external force field within the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Flamarion, Marcelo V. Pelinovsky, Efim Melnikov, Ioann Departamento Ciencias—Sección Matemáticas Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Av. Universitaria 1801 San Miguel Lima15088 Peru Institute of Applied Physics 46 Uljanov Str. Nizhny Novgorod603155 Russia Faculty of Informatics Mathematics and Computer Science HSE University Nizhny Novgorod603155 Russia

We investigate the interaction of solitons with an external periodic field within the framework of the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation. In the case of small perturbation a simple dynamical system is used to describe the soliton behaviour. Equilibrium points of this dynamical system are computed when the external force travels at a constant speed. Assuming that the external force moves with sinusoidal speed, we demonstrate that the soliton behavior is qualitatively similar to the constant-speed case. Besides, a resonant frequency is derived from the asymptotic theory without using the classical broad force approximation. The results obtained from the dynamical system are compared with fully direct numerical simulations, which reveal that the soliton solution exhibits spiral-like behavior in the soliton amplitude versus soliton phase space. Moreover, when the external force oscillates at the resonant frequency, the trajectories in the soliton phase versus soliton amplitude exhibit chaotic behavior. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Solitons

Growth and characterization of ultrathin cobalt ferrite films on Pt(111)

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Soria, G.D. Freindl, K. Prieto, J.E. Quesada, A. De La Figuera, J. Spiridis, N. Korecki, J. Marco, J.F. Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano CSIC MadridE-28006 Spain Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kraków30-239 Poland Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio CSIC MadridE-28049 Spain AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Kraków30-259 Poland

CoFe2O4thin films (5 nm and 20 nm thick) were grown by oxygen assisted molecular beam epitaxy on Pt(111) at 523 K and subsequently annealed at 773 K in vacuum or oxygen. They were characterized insitu using Auger Electron Spectroscopy, Low-Energy Electron Diffraction, Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy. The as-grown films were composed of small, nanometric grains. Annealing of the films produced an increase in the grain size and gave rise to magnetic order at room temperature, although with a fraction of the films remaining in the paramagnetic state. Annealing also induced cobalt segregation to the surface of the thicker films. The measured Mössbauer spectra at low temperature were indicative of cobalt ferrite, the both films showing very similar hyperfine patterns. Annealing in oxygen or vacuum affected the cationic distribution, which was closer to that expected for an inverse spinel in the case of annealing in an oxygen atmosphere. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Annealing

Time-varying Nonlinear Effects in Terahertz Generation

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lu, Yongchang Zhang, Xueqian Qiu, Haidi Niu, Li Chen, Xieyu Xu, Quan Zhang, Weili Zhang, Shuang Han, Jiaguang Center for Terahertz waves College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering Tianjin University The Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology Ministry of Education Tianjin300072 China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK74078 United States Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Time-varying effects have unveiled new possibilities for manipulating electromagnetic waves through the temporal dimension. In this study, we experimentally explore these effects in the nonlinear optical process of terahertz (THz) generation using optically pumped indium tin oxide (ITO) films. The ultrafast carrier dynamics in the ITO film endow the second-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ(2)) with sub-picosecond temporal evolution, establishing a temporal boundary for the generated THz waves. We observe significant amplitude and frequency modulations in the THz generation at various transients, attributed to the time-varying complex amplitude of the χ(2). Moreover, we also observed polarization modulations when further exploiting the tensor properties of χ(2). This work advances the exploration of time-varying effects into the nonlinear regime through frequency down-conversion, effectively transferring the strong time-varying material response from the near-infrared (NIR) band to the THz band. These findings open up new opportunities for realizing time-varying phenomena that specifically require single-cycle modulation. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Terahertz waves

PUSH-FORWARD SIGNED DISTANCE FUNCTIONS ENABLE INTERPRETABLE AND ROBUST CONTINUOUS SHAPE QUANTIFICATION

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Rouatbi, Roua Suarez, Juan Esteban Sbalzarini, Ivo F. Dresden University of Technology Faculty of Computer Science Germany Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Germany Center for Systems Biology Dresden Germany Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence Dresden/Leipzig Germany Cluster of Excellence "Physics of Life" TU Dresden Germany

We introduce the Push-Forward Signed Distance Morphometric (PF-SDM), a novel method for shape quantification in biomedical imaging that is continuous, interpretable, and invariant to shapepreserving transformations. PF-SDM effectively captures the geometric properties of shapes, including their topological skeletons and radial symmetries. This results in a robust and interpretable shape descriptor that generalizes to capture temporal shape dynamics. Importantly, PF-SDM avoids certain issues of previous geometric morphometrics, like Elliptical Fourier Analysis and Generalized Procrustes Analysis, such as coefficient correlations and landmark choices. We present the PF-SDM theory, provide a practically computable algorithm, and benchmark it on synthetic data. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Topology

The CMS Statistical Analysis and Combination Tool: Combine

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Computing and Software for Big science 2024年第1期8卷 1-45页

作者： Zhokin, A. Zhizhin, I. Zarubin, A. Yuldashev, B.S. Voytishin, N. Vorotnikov, G. Vorobyev, A. Volkov, P. Uzunian, A. Uvarov, L. Toropin, A. Tlisova, I. Teryaev, O. Terkulov, A. Tcherniaev, E. Sulimov, V. Sosnov, D. Smirnov, V. Slabospitskii, S. Skovpen, Y. Shulha, S. Shmatov, S. Shalaev, V. Savrin, V. Savina, M. Radchenko, O. Popov, V. Polikarpov, S. Perfilov, M. Perelygin, V. Palichik, V. Oreshkin, V. Obraztsov, S. Nikitenko, A. Murzin, V. Matveev, V. Malakhov, A. Makarenko, V. Lychkovskaya, N. Levchenko, P. Lanev, A. Krasnikov, N. Kozyrev, A. Korenkov, V. Konstantinov, D. Kodolova, O. Klyukhin, V. Kirsanov, M. Kirpichnikov, D. Kirakosyan, M. Kim, V. Karneyeu, A. Karjavine, V. Kachanov, V. Ivanov, Y. Gribushin, A. Gorbunov, I. Golutvin, I. Golubev, N. Golovtcov, V. Gninenko, S. Gavrilov, V. Gavrilov, G. Dudko, L. Dubinin, M. Druzhkin, D. Dimova, T. Dermenev, A. Chistov, R. Chekhovsky, V. Chadeeva, M. Bunichev, V. Budkouski, D. Borshch, V. Boos, E. Blinov, V. Babaev, A. Azarkin, M. Aushev, T. Andreev, Yu. Andreev, V. Alexakhin, V. Afanasiev, S. Warden, A. Vetens, W. Tsoi, H.F. Teague, D. Smith, W.H. Sharma, V. Shang, V. Savin, A. Pinna, D. Pétré, L. Parida, G. Mondal, S. Mohammadi, A. Mallampalli, A. Sreekala, J. Madhusudanan Loveless, R. Lanaro, A. Koraka, C.K. Herve, A. Herndon, M. He, H. Galloni, C. Everaerts, P. De Bruyn, I. Dasu, S. Bose, T. Black, K. Banerjee, S. Aravind, A. Karchin, P.E. Bhattacharya, S. Neu, C. Ledovskoy, A. Hirosky, R. Hakala, J. Cox, B. Cardwell, B. Viinikainen, J. Velkovska, J. Tuo, S. Sheldon, P. Romeo, F. Melo, A. Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam Johns, W. Gurrola, A. Greene, S. Chen, Y. Appelt, E. Volobouev, I. Peltola, T. Mankel, A. Lee, S.W. Lamichhane, K. Kazhykarim, Y. Hussain, A. Hegde, V. Gogate, N. Damgov, J. Akchurin, N. Safonov, A. Rathjens, D. Overton, D. Mueller, R. Luo, S. Kim, H. Kamon, T. Huang, T. Gilmore, J. Eusebi, R. Bouhali, O. Akhter, T. Ahmad, M. Aebi, D. Spanier, S. Nibigira, E. Lee, L. Karunarathna, N. Kanuganti, A.R. Holmes, T. Higginbotham, S. Fiorendi, S. Delannoy Yerevan Physics Institute Yerevan Armenia Institut für Hochenergiephysik Vienna Austria Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Belgium Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium Ghent University Ghent Belgium Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Federal do ABC São Paulo Brazil Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Instituto De Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Casilla 7 D Arica Chile Beihang University Beijing China Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science and Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter South China Normal University Guangzhou China Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai China Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China Universidad de Los Andes Bogota Venezuela Universidad de Antioquia Medellin Colombia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture University of Split Split Croatia Faculty of Science University of Split Split Croatia Institute Rudjer Boskovic Zagreb Croatia University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Charles University Prague Czech Republic Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt Cairo Egypt Center for High

This paper describes the Combine software package used for statistical analyses by the CMS Collaboration. The package, originally designed to perform searches for a Higgs boson and the combined analysis of those searches, has evolved to become the statistical analysis tool presently used in the majority of measurements and searches performed by the CMS Collaboration. It is not specific to the CMS experiment, and this paper is intended to serve as a reference for users outside of the CMS Collaboration, providing an outline of the most salient features and capabilities. Readers are provided with the possibility to run Combine and reproduce examples provided in this paper using a publicly available container image. Since the package is constantly evolving to meet the demands of ever-increasing data sets and analysis sophistication, this paper cannot cover all details of Combine. However, the online documentation referenced within this paper provides an up-to-date and complete user guide. © CERN, for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration 2024.

关键词： CMS Combine Higgs Higgs boson Statistics

Characterising Blenders Via Covering Relations and Cone Conditions

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SSRN

SSRN 2023年

作者： Capiński, Maciej Jerzy Krauskopf, Bend Osinga, Hinke M. Zgliczyński, Piotr Faculty of Applied Mathematics AGH University of Kraków al. Mickiewicza 30 Kraków30-059 Poland Department of Mathematics University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland1142 New Zealand Institute of Computer Science Jagiellonian University ul. prof. Stanislawa Lojasiewicza 6 Kraków30-348 Poland

A diffeomorphism exhibits a blender if it has an invariant hyperbolic set with the C1robust property that its stable or unstable manifold behaves as a higher-dimensional set than is expected from the underlying hyperbolic splitting. We present a characterisation of a blender based on topological alignment of certain sets in phase space in combination with the propagation of cones. Importantly, the required conditions can be verified by checking properties of a single iterate of the diffeomorphism, which is achieved by finding finite series of sets that form suitable sequences of alignments. This characterisation is applicable to blenders formed by manifolds of any dimension, in ambient phase spaces of any dimension. Moreover, this approach naturally extends to identifying blenders that are part of heterodimensional cycles, which provides us with the computational tool to establish their robustness. Our setup is flexible and allows for a rigorous, computerassisted validation based on interval arithmetic. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phase space methods

MgPd2Sb – the first Mg-based Heusler-type superconductor

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Winiarski, Michal J. Kuderowicz, Gabriel Górnicka, Karolina Litzbarski, Leszek S. Stolecka, Kamila Wiendlocha, Bartlomiej Cava, Robert J. Klimczuk, Tomasz Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 Gdansk80-233 Poland Advanced Materials Centre Gdansk University of Technology ul. Narutowicza 11/12 Gdańsk80-233 Poland Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Aleja Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland Department of Chemistry Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

We report the synthesis and physical properties of a new full Heusler compound, MgPd2Sb, which we found to show superconductivity below Tc = 2.2 K. MgPd2Sb was obtained by a two-step solid state reaction method and its purity and cubic crystal structure (F m-3m, a = 6.4523(1) Å) were confirmed by powder x-ray diffraction. Normal and superconducting states were studied by electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements. The results show that MgPd2Sb is a type-II, weak coupling superconductor (λep = 0.56). The observed pressure dependence of Tc (ΔTc/p ≈ -0.23 K/GPa) is one of the strongest reported for a superconducting Heusler compound. The electronic structure, phonons and electron-phonon coupling in MgPd2Sb were theoretically investigated. The obtained results are in agreement with the experiment, confirming the electron-phonon coupling mechanism of superconductivity. We compare the superconducting parameters to those of all reported Heusler-type superconductors. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electronic structure

Entanglement duality in spin-spin interactions

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Mousolou, Vahid Azimi Bergman, Anders Pereiro, Manuel Sjöqvist, Erik Delin, Anna Eriksson, Olle Thonig, Danny Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics University of Isfahan Isfahan81746-73441 Iran Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala University Box 516 UppsalaSE-751 20 Sweden Department of Applied Physics School of Engineering Sciences KTH Royal Institute of Technology AlbaNova University Center StockholmSE-10691 Sweden KTH Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSE-10044 Sweden School of Science and Technology Örebro University ÖrebroSE-701 82 Sweden

We examine entanglement of thermal states for spin-21 dimers in external magnetic fields. Entanglement transition in the temperature-magnetic field plane demonstrates a duality in spin-spin interactions. This identifies dual categories of symmetric and anti-symmetric dimers with each category classified into toric entanglement classes. The entanglement transition line is preserved from each toric entanglement class to its dual toric class. The toric classification is an indication of topological nature of the entanglement. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetic fields