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arXiv 2023年

作者： Saberian, Nayere Akhtarshenas, Seyed Javad Shahbeigi, Fereshte Department of Physics Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Krakow30-348 Poland

Obtaining information from a quantum system through a measurement typically disturbs its state. The postmeasurement states for a given measurement, however, are not unique and highly rely on the chosen measurement model, complicating the puzzle of information-disturbance. Two distinct questions are then in order. Firstly, what is the minimum disturbance a measurement may induce? Secondly, when a fixed disturbance occurs, how informative is the possible measurement in the best-case scenario? Here, we propose various approaches to tackle these questions and provide explicit solutions for the set of unbiased binary qubit measurements and postmeasurement state spaces that are equivalent to the image of a unital qubit channel. In particular, we show there are different tradeoff relations between the sharpness of this measurement and the average fidelity of the premeasurement and postmeasurement state spaces as well as the sharpness and quantum resources preserved in the postmeasurement states in terms of coherence and discord-like correlation once the measurement is applied locally. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

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Crystallization kinetics of equimolar liquid crystalline mixture and its components

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Deptuch, Aleksandra Paliga, Anna Drzewicz, Anna Piwowarczyk, Marcin Urbańska, Magdalena Juszyńska-Galązka, Ewa Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Radzikowskiego 152 KrakówPL-31342 Poland Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Kraków Reymonta 19 KrakówPL-30059 Poland Institute of Chemistry Military University of Technology Kaliskiego 2 WarsawPL-00908 Poland Research Center for Thermal and Entropic Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University Osaka560-0043 Japan

The new equimolar mixture comprises liquid crystalline compounds MHPOBC and partially fluorinated 3F2HPhF6. The phase sequence of the mixture is determined by differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The enantiotropic smectic A*, C*, and CA* phases are observed for the mixture. Only partial crystallization of the mixture is observed during cooling at 2-40 K/min and the remaining smectic CA* phase undergoes vitrification. In contrast, the crystallization of the pure components is complete or almost complete for the same range of cooling rates. The kinetics of the non-isothermal and isothermal crystallization of the mixture and pure components are investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The non-isothermal data are analyzed by the isoconversional method, while the isothermal data are analyzed using the Avrami model. Typically, the nucleation-controlled crystallization kinetics are observed. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Differential scanning calorimetry

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Spin-Selective Resonant Tunneling Induced by Rashba Spin-Orbit Interaction in Semiconductor Nanowire

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Physical Review applied 2021年第5期15卷 054066-054066页

作者： J. Pawłowski G. Skowron P. Szumniak S. Bednarek Department of Theoretical Physics Wrocław University of Science and Technology Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 50-370 Wrocław Poland Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Kraków Poland

We consider a single electron confined within a quantum wire in a system of two electrostatically induced quantum dots defined by nearby gates. A time-varying electric field, of single gigahertz frequency, perpendicular to the quantum wire, is used to induce Rashba coupling and enable spin-dependent resonant tunneling of the electron between two adjacent potential wells with fidelity over 99.5%. This effect can be used for high-fidelity all-electric electron-spin initialization or readout in a spin-based quantum computer. In contrast to other spin-initialization methods, our technique can be performed adiabatically without an increase in the energy of the electron. Our simulations are supported by realistic self-consistent time-dependent Poisson-Schrödinger calculations.

关键词： Optoelectronics Quantum information with solid state qubits Quantum sensing Rashba coupling III-V semiconductors Nanowires Quantum dots Microwave techniques

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Primordial non-Gaussianity from Galilean Genesis without strong coupling problem

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Physical Review D 2023年第6期107卷 063504-063504页

作者： Shingo Akama Shin’ichi Hirano Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University 30-348 Krakow Poland Department of Physics Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan

Galilean Genesis is generically plagued with a strong coupling problem, but this can be avoided depending on the hierarchy between a classical energy scale of genesis and a strong coupling scale. In this paper, we investigate whether the models of Galilean Genesis without the strong coupling problem can explain the statistical properties of the observed cosmic microwave background fluctuations based on two unified frameworks of Galilean Genesis. By focusing on the class in which the propagation speeds of the scalar and tensor perturbations are constant, we show that the models avoiding strong coupling and allowing a slightly red-tilted scalar power spectrum suffer from an overproduction of a scalar non-Gaussianity.

关键词： Alternative gravity theories Inflation

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The In-Plane Band Bending Effect Around AU Islands Grown on the Bi2te3 Topological Insulator

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Naumov, Andrii Chrobak, Maciej Trembulowicz, Artur Jurczyszyn, Michal Maćkosz, Krzysztof Stępień, Joanna Sikora, Marcin Przybylski, Marek Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology Poland Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Krakow Mickiewicza Av. 30 Krakow30-059 Poland Institute of Experimental Physics University of Wroclaw pl. M. Borna 9 Wroclaw50-204 Poland Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures Feuerwerkerstrasse 39 ThunCH-3602 Switzerland AGH University of Science and Technology Poland

We have utilized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) as well as x-ray linear dichroism (XLD) along with DFT calculations to determine the structural and electronic changes of the gold-covered nonstoichiometric Bi2Te3 single crystal surface. XLD spectra supported by a numerical simulation of several configurations show that at low coverage ( 1.0 ML) mixing at the Au/Bi2Te3 interface may occur. For local electronic characterization around stand-alone Au islands, small coverages were selected for which the inter-island distance is large enough to avoid overlapping island-wide effects. STS spectra reveal that for small coverages the topological surface states (TSS) are preserved. However, at a distance of about 10 nm from an Au island, by approaching the islands, the electronic structure gradually changes. This is manifested by a gradual shift of the STS spectra to more negative energies with respect to the pristine surface. The results are discussed in view of possible Au-Bi2Te3 mixing, a local charge transfer and the presence of in-plane downward band bending. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electronic structure

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Finite Basis physics-Informed Neural Networks as a Schwarz Domain Decomposition Method 27th

Finite Basis Physics-Informed Neural Networks as a Schwarz D...

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27th International Conference on Domain Decomposition Methods in science and Engineering, DD 2022

作者： Dolean, Victorita Heinlein, Alexander Mishra, Siddhartha Moseley, Ben University of Strathclyde 26 Richmond Street GlasgowG1 1XH United Kingdom Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics & Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics Mekelweg 4 Delft2628 CD Netherlands Computational and Applied Mathematics Laboratory/ETH AI Center ETH Zurich Ramistrasse 101 Zurich8092 Switzerland

The success and advancement of machine learning (ML) in fields such as image recognition and natural language processing has lead to the development of novel methods for the solution of problems in physics and enginee... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9783031507687

关键词： Domain decomposition methods

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Advances in solar energy harvesting integrated by van der Waals graphene heterojunctions

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RSC Advances 2023年第44期13卷 31273-31291页

作者： Le, Top Khac Mai, The-Hung Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir Vernardou, Dimitra Dao, Van-Duong Ponnusamy, Vinoth Kumar Rout, Chandra Sekhar Pham, Phuong V. Faculty of Materials Science and Technology University of Science Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Department of Physics National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean University Heraklion71410 Greece Faculty of Biotechnology Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Phenikaa University Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry and Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung807 Taiwan Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung807 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain University Bangalore562112 India

Graphene has garnered increasing attention for solar energy harvesting owing to its unique features. However, limitations hinder its widespread adoption in solar energy harvesting, comprising the band gapless in the molecular orbital of graphene lattice, its vulnerability to oxidation in oxidative environments, and specific toxic properties that require careful consideration during development. Beyond current challenges, researchers have explored doping graphene with ionic liquids to raise the lifespan of solar cells (SCs). Additionally, they have paid attention to optimizing graphene/Si Schottky junction or Schottky barrier SCs by enhancing the conductivity and work function of graphene, improving silicon's reflectivity, and addressing passivation issues at the surface/interface of graphene/Si, resulting in significant advancements in their power conversion efficiency. Increasing the functional area of graphene-based SCs and designing efficient grid electrodes are also crucial for enhancing carrier collection efficiency. Flaws and contaminants present at the interface between graphene and silicon pose significant challenges. Despite the progress of graphene/Si-based photovoltaic cells still needs to catch up to the efficiency achieved by commercially available Si p-n junction SCs. The low Schottky barrier height, design-related challenges associated with transfer techniques, and high lateral resistivity of graphene contribute to this performance gap. To maximize the effectiveness and robustness of graphene/Si-based photovoltaic cells, appropriate interlayers have been utilized to tune the interface and modulate graphene's functionality. This mini-review will address ongoing research and development endeavors using van der Waals graphene heterojunctions, aiming to overcome the existing limitations and unlock graphene's full potential in solar energy harvesting and smart storage systems. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Graphene

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Mechanically Laser-Induced Acoustic Cavitation in Viscoelastic Tissue: Theoretical Study

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Bulletin of the Russian Academy of sciences: physics 2023年第Suppl 3期87卷 S348-S355页

作者： Zain Abu Shaeer Amerah M. Hakami Abu-Bakr, Ali F. Ahmed K. Abu-Nab Department of Basic Science Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology Kafrelsheikh33511 Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Jazan University Jazan82723 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin El-Koom32511 Egypt Phystech School of Applied Mathematics and Informatics Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Moscow oblast Dolgoprudny141700 Russia

Abstract: Laser-induced acoustic cavitation microbubble dynamics have exhibited significant development in biological systems such as lithotripsy. Investigating the mechanically laser-induced acoustic cavitation microbubble in viscoelastic tissue is the goal of this work. Based on surface tension and viscous forces, the laser-induced cavitation model (also known as the modified Rayleigh–Plesset model), the theoretical model is developed and numerically solved using exponential cubic B-spline Collocation Method. In addition, the energy released in viscoelastic tissue by laser-induced acoustic cavitation as well as mechanically induced cavitation is investigated. The findings of our work provide valuable insight into the application of laser-induced acoustic cavitation microbubbles such as kidney stones and lithotripsy. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2023. ISSN 1062-8738, Bulletin of the Russian Academy of sciences: physics, 2023, Vol. 87, Suppl. 3, pp. S348–S355. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2023. ISSN 1062-8738, Bulletin of the Russian Academy of sciences: physics, 2023. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2023.

关键词： Tissue

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Effect of symmetry breaking of polarized light sea quarks on the nucleon and nuclear structure functions, and sum rules

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Arbabifar, Fatemeh Tehrani, Shahin Atashbar Khanpour, Hamzeh Department of Physics Nasibeh campus Farhangian University P.O.Box 14665-889 Tehran Iran P.O.Box 19395-5531 Tehran Iran AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Al. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-055 Poland Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran P.O.Box 48518- Behshahr78195 Iran

In this study, we performed calculations and analyses of the structure functions of polarized nucleons and light nuclei, specifically 3He and 3H, using second-order Feynman diagrams. Our investigation focused on two main aspects: Firstly, we examined the symmetry properties of polarized light sea quarks. Secondly, we conducted a detailed investigation into the impacts of symmetry breaking on the structure functions of both nucleons and nuclei. To achieve this, we utilized the existing polarized Parton Distribution Functions (polarized PDFs) available in the literature. These PDFs were used to calculate and compare the polarized structure functions g1 and g2 of the nuclei. Additionally, we examined and analyzed the Bjorken and Efremov-Leader-Teryaev sum rules by utilizing the moments of the polarized structure functions. The Lorentz color force components, namely FEy,n and FBy,n, are determined using the twist-2, twist-3, and twist-4 matrix elements. When symmetry breaking is applied, it is observed that they have similar magnitudes but opposite signs. Our theoretical predictions for the polarized structure functions of nucleons and light nuclei, taking into account the symmetry breaking of light sea quarks, exhibit better agreement with experimental data. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Distribution functions

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Advancing Manuscript Metadata: Work in Progress at the Jagiellonian university

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： do Valle Miranda, Luiz Kutt, Krzysztof Nalepa, Grzegorz J. Jagiellonian Human-Centered AI Lab Mark Kac Center for Complex Systems Research Institute of Applied Computer Science Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University prof. Stanislawa Lojasiewicza 11 Kraków30-348 Poland

As part of ongoing research projects, three Jagiellonian university units—the Jagiellonian university Museum, the Jagiellonian university Archives, and the Jagiellonian Library—are collaborating to digitize cultural heritage documents, describe them in detail, and then integrate these descriptions into a linked data cloud. Achieving this goal requires, as a first step, the development of a metadata model that, on the one hand, complies with existing standards, on the other hand, allows interoperability with other systems, and on the third, captures all the elements of description established by the curators of the collections. In this paper, we present a report on the current status of the work, in which we outline the most important requirements for the data model under development and then make a detailed comparison with the two standards that are the most relevant from the point of view of collections: Europeana Data Model used in Europeana and Encoded Archival Description used in Kalliope. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Metadata

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