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GSLB: the graph structure learning benchmark 23

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GSLB: the graph structure learning benchmark

Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural information Processing systems

作者： Zhixun Li Liang Wang Xin Sun Yifan Luo Yanqiao Zhu Dingshuo Chen Yingtao Luo Xiangxin Zhou Qiang Liu Shu Wu Jeffrey Xu Yu Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong Center for Research on Intelligent Perception and Computing State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences and School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China School of Cyberspace Security Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Computer Science University of California Los Angeles Center for Research on Intelligent Perception and Computing State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences and School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Heinz College of Information Systems and Public Policy Machine Learning Department School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University

Graph Structure Learning (GSL) has recently garnered considerable attention due to its ability to optimize both the parameters of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and the computation graph structure simultaneously. Despite the proliferation of GSL methods developed in recent years, there is no standard experimental setting or fair comparison for performance evaluation, which creates a great obstacle to understanding the progress in this field. To fill this gap, we systematically analyze the performance of GSL in different scenarios and develop a comprehensive Graph Structure Learning Benchmark (GSLB) curated from 20 diverse graph datasets and 16 distinct GSL algorithms. Specifically, GSLB systematically investigates the characteristics of GSL in terms of three dimensions: effectiveness, robustness, and complexity. We comprehensively evaluate state-of-the-art GSL algorithms in node- and graph-level tasks, and analyze their performance in robust learning and model complexity. Further, to facilitate reproducible research, we have developed an easy-to-use library for training, evaluating, and visualizing different GSL methods. Empirical results of our extensive experiments demonstrate the ability of GSL and reveal its potential benefits on various downstream tasks, offering insights and opportunities for future research. The code of GSLB is available at: https://***/GSL-Benchmark/GSLB.

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Privacy-preserving Intelligent Resource Allocation for Federated Edge Learning in Quantum Internet

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Xu, Minrui Niyato, Dusit Yang, Zhaohui Xiong, Zehui Kang, Jiawen Kim, Dong In Shen, Xuemin The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310007 China Hangzhou310007 China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou31121 China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore 487372 Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

Federated edge learning (FEL) is a promising paradigm of distributed machine learning that can preserve data privacy while training the global model collaboratively. However, FEL is still facing model confidentiality issues due to eavesdropping risks of exchanging cryptographic keys through traditional encryption schemes. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a hierarchical architecture for quantum-secured FEL systems with ideal security based on the quantum key distribution (QKD) to facilitate public key and model encryption against eavesdropping attacks. Specifically, we propose a stochastic resource allocation model for efficient QKD to encrypt FEL keys and models. In FEL systems, remote FEL workers are connected to cluster heads via quantum-secured channels to train an aggregated global model collaboratively. However, due to the unpredictable number of workers at each location, the demand for secret-key rates to support secure model transmission to the server is unpredictable. The proposed systems need to efficiently allocate limited QKD resources (i.e., wavelengths) such that the total cost is minimized in the presence of stochastic demand by formulating the optimization problem for the proposed architecture as a stochastic programming model. To this end, we propose a federated reinforcement learning-based resource allocation scheme to solve the proposed model without complete state information. The proposed scheme enables QKD managers and controllers to train a global QKD resource allocation policy while keeping their private experiences local. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed schemes can successfully achieve the cost-minimizing objective under uncertain demand while improving the training efficiency by about 50% compared to state-of-the-art schemes. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

CoralVOS: Dataset and Benchmark for Coral Video Segmentation

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zheng, Ziqiang Xie, Yaofeng Liang, Haixin Yu, Zhibin Yeung, Sai-Kit Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong School of Electronic Information Engineering the Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Information of Hainan Province Faculty of Information Science and Engineering Sanya Oceanographic Institution Ocean University of China Sanya Qingdao China Division of Integrative Systems and Design Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

— Coral reefs formulate the most valuable and productive marine ecosystems, providing habitat for many marine species. Coral reef surveying and analysis are currently confined to coral experts who invest substantial effort in generating comprehensive and dependable reports (e.g., coral coverage, population, spatial distribution, etc), from the collected survey data. However, performing dense coral analysis based on manual efforts is significantly time-consuming, the existing coral analysis algorithms compromise and opt for performing down-sampling and only conducting sparse point-based coral analysis within selected frames. However, such down-sampling will inevitable introduce the estimation bias or even lead to wrong results. To address this issue, we propose to perform dense coral video segmentation, with no down-sampling involved. Through video object segmentation, we could generate more reliable and in-depth coral analysis than the existing coral reef analysis algorithms. To boost such dense coral analysis, we propose a large-scale coral video segmentation dataset: CoralVOS as demonstrated in Fig. 1. To the best of our knowledge, our CoralVOS is the first dataset and benchmark supporting dense coral video segmentation. We perform experiments on our CoralVOS dataset, including 6 recent state-of-the-art video object segmentation (VOS) algorithms. We fine-tuned these VOS algorithms on our CoralVOS dataset and achieved observable performance improvement. The results show that there is still great potential for further promoting the segmentation accuracy. The dataset and trained models will be released with the acceptance of this work to foster the coral reef research community. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Ecosystems

Enabling AI-Generated Content (AIGC) Services in Wireless Edge Networks

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Du, Hongyang Li, Zonghang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Shen, Xuemin Kim, Dong In The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Sciences and Technology of China Chengdu China The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of

Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) refers to the use of AI to automate the information creation process while fulfilling the personalized requirements of users. However, due to the instability of AIGC models, e.g., the stochastic nature of diffusion models, the quality and accuracy of the generated content can vary significantly. In wireless edge networks, the transmission of incorrectly generated content may unnecessarily consume network resources. Thus, a dynamic AIGC service provider (ASP) selection scheme is required to enable users to connect to the most suited ASP, improving the users’ satisfaction and quality of generated content. In this article, we first review the AIGC techniques and their applications in wireless networks. We then present the AIGC-as-a-service (AaaS) concept and discuss the challenges in deploying AaaS at the edge networks. Yet, it is essential to have performance metrics to evaluate the accuracy of AIGC services. Thus, we introduce several image-based perceived quality evaluation metrics. Then, we propose a general and effective model to illustrate the relationship between computational resources and user-perceived quality evaluation metrics. To achieve efficient AaaS and maximize the quality of generated content in wireless edge networks, we propose a deep reinforcement learning-enabled algorithm for the optimal ASP selection. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can provide a higher quality of generated content to users and achieve fewer crashed tasks by comparing with four benchmarks, i.e., overloading-avoidance, random, round-robin policies, and the upper-bound schemes. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

Generative AI-empowered Effective Physical-Virtual Synchronization in the Vehicular Metaverse

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Generative AI-empowered Effective Physical-Virtual Synchroni...

Metaverse Computing, Networking and Applications (MetaCom), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Minrui Xu Dusit Niyato Hongliang Zhang Jiawen Kang Zehui Xiong Shiwen Mao Zhu Han School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore School of Electronics Peking University Beijing China School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University Auburn AL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul South Korea

Metaverse seamlessly blends the physical world and virtual spaces through ubiquitous communication and computing equipment and infrastructure. In intelligent transportation systems, the vehicular Metaverse can provide a fully immersive and hyperreal travel experience (e.g., via augmented reality head-up displays, AR-HUDs) to drivers and passengers in autonomous vehicles (AVs) through roadside units (RSUs). However, providing real-time and immersive services requires effective physical-virtual synchronization between AVs and virtual simulators. This paper proposes a generative AI-empowered physical-virtual synchronization framework for the vehicular Metaverse. In physical-to-virtual synchronization, digital twin (DT) tasks generated by AVs are offloaded for execution in RSUs with future route generation. In virtual-to-physical synchronization, virtual simulators customize diverse and personalized AR content via generative AI models based on user preferences. Furthermore, we propose a multi-task enhanced auction-based mechanism to match and price AVs and virtual simulators for RSUs to provide real-time and effective services. Finally, property analysis and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed mechanism is strategy-proof and adverse-selection free while increasing social surplus.

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Energy-Efficient design in STAR-RIS Assisted Communication System with Antenna Selection

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Energy-Efficient Design in STAR-RIS Assisted Communication S...

IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Guangyang Zhang Yang Lu Bo Ai Zhangdui Zhong Zhiguo Ding Tony Q. S. Quek School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Key Laboratory of Railway Industry of Broadband Mobile Information Communications Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Khalifa University Abu Dhabi UAE Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Manchester Manchester UK Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore

This paper investigates the energy-efficient beamforming design in a simultaneous transmission and reflection-reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) assisted wireless communication system, where the antenna selection scheme is adopted. An energy efficiency (EE) maximization problem is formulated by optimizing the transmit beamformers and the phase shift vectors subject to the power budget constraint of the base station (BS), the maximum transmit power constraint per antenna and the users' data rate requirements. An alternating optimization-based algorithm is proposed to tackle the coupled variables, and the quadratic transform is used to deal with the fractional formulations. Simulation results demonstrate that the antenna selection scheme can significantly improve the EE performance by suppressing the energy consumption due to massive antennas. With the assistance of the STAR-RIS, the EE performance is further enhanced.

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Optimal denial-of-service attack energy management over an SINR-based network

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Qin, Jiahu Li, Menglin Shi, Ling Kang, Yu Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Department of Automation State Key Laboratory of Fire Science Institute of Advanced Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

We consider a scenario in which a DoS attacker with the limited power resource and the purpose of degrading the system performance, jams a wireless network through which the packet from a sensor is sent to a remote estimator to estimate the system state. To degrade the estimation quality most effectively with a given energy budget, the attacker aims to solve the problem of how much power to obstruct the channel each time, which is the recently proposed optimal attack energy management problem. The existing works are built on an ideal network model in which the packet dropout never occurs when the attack is absent. To encompass wireless transmission losses, we introduce the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio-based network. First we focus on the case when the attacker employs the constant power level. To maximize the expected terminal estimation error at the remote estimator, we provide some sufficient conditions for the existence of an explicit solution to the optimal static attack energy management problem and the solution is constructed. Compared with the existing result in which corresponding sufficient conditions work only when the system matrix is normal, the obtained conditions in this paper are viable for a general system and shown to be more relaxed. For the other important index of system performance, the average expected estimation error, the associated sufficient conditions are also derived based on a different analysis approach with the existing work. And a feasible method is presented for both indexes to seek the optimal constant attack power level when the system fails to meet the proposed sufficient conditions. Then when the real-time ACK information can be acquired, the attacker desires a time-varying power attack strategy, based on which a Markov decision process (MDP) based algorithm is designed to solve the optimal dynamic attack energy management problem. We further study the optimal tradeoff between attack energy and system degradation. Spec

关键词： Signal interference

Automated Leukemia Screening and Sub-types Classification Using Deep Learning

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computer systems science & Engineering 2023年第9期46卷 3541-3558页

作者： Chaudhary Hassan Abbas Gondal Muhammad Irfan Sarmad Shafique Muhammad Salman Bashir Mansoor Ahmed Osama M.Alshehri Hassan H.Almasoudi Samar M.Alqhtani Mohammed M.Jalal Malik A.Altayar Khalaf F.Alsharif Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad44000Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Control Automotive and Robotics LabNational Center of Robotics and Automation(NCRA HEC)MirpurPakistan Mirpur University of Science and Technology(MUST)MirpurPakistan Department of Computer Science Virtual University of PakistanLahore54000Pakistan Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

Leukemia is a kind of blood cancer that damages the cells in the blood and bone marrow of the human *** produces cancerous blood cells that disturb the human’s immune system and significantly affect bone marrow’s production ability to effectively create different types of blood cells like red blood cells(RBCs)and white blood cells(WBC),and *** can be diagnosed manually by taking a complete blood count test of the patient’s blood,from which medical professionals can investigate the signs of leukemia ***,two other methods,microscopic inspection of blood smears and bone marrow aspiration,are also utilized while examining the patient for ***,all these methods are labor-intensive,slow,inaccurate,and require a lot of human experience and *** authors have proposed automated detection systems for leukemia diagnosis to overcome these *** have deployed digital image processing and machine learning algorithms to classify the cells into normal and blast ***,these systems are more efficient,reliable,and fast than previous manual diagnosing ***,more work is required to classify leukemia-affected cells due to the complex characteristics of blood images and leukemia cells having much intra-class variability and inter-class *** this paper,we have proposed a robust automated system to diagnose leukemia and its *** have classified ALL into its sub-types based on FAB classification,i.e.,L1,L2,and L3 types with better *** have achieved 96.06%accuracy for subtypes classification,which is better when compared with the state-of-the-art methodologies.

关键词： Healthcare cancer detection deep learning convolutional neural network

MetaTrading: An Immersion-Aware Model Trading Framework for Vehicular Metaverse Services

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wu, Hongjia Zeng, Hui Xiong, Zehui Kang, Jiawen Cai, Zhiping Chan, Tse-Tin Niyato, Dusit Han, Zhu Department of Mathematics and Information Technology The Education University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China College of Computer National University of Defense Technology China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

Updates of extensive Internet of Things (IoT) data are critical to the immersion of vehicular metaverse services. However, providing high-quality and sustainable data in unstable and resource-constrained vehicular networks remains a significant challenge. To address this problem, we put forth a novel immersion-aware model trading framework that incentivizes metaverse users (MUs) to contribute learning models trained by their latest local data for augmented reality (AR) services in the vehicular metaverse, while preserving their privacy through federated learning. To comprehensively evaluate the contribution of locally trained learning models provided by MUs to AR services, we design a new immersion metric that captures service immersion by considering the freshness and accuracy of learning models, as well as the amount and potential value of raw data used for training. We model the trading interactions between metaverse service providers (MSPs) and MUs as an equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints (EPEC) to analyze and balance their costs and gains. Moreover, considering dynamic network conditions and privacy concerns, we formulate the reward decisions of MSPs as a multi-agent Markov decision process. Then, a fully distributed dynamic reward method based on deep reinforcement learning is presented, which operates without any private information about MUs and other MSPs. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework can effectively provide higher-value models for object detection and classification in AR services on real AR-related vehicle datasets compared to benchmark schemes. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Markov processes