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Novel methodology for apple leaf disease classification with PCNN-IELM

Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第6期37卷 4895-4913页

作者： Navpreet Roul, Rajendra Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Patiala147004 India

Agriculture is crucial to the global economy, particularly in ensuring food security. Recent trends indicate that various plant diseases are causing substantial financial losses in the agricultural sector worldwide. Traditional manual inspection methods for detecting fruit and plant diseases are labor-intensive and inefficient. Adopting automated disease detection technologies could significantly enhance early diagnosis and reduce the economic impact of these diseases on agriculture. This study introduces an advanced model for classifying apple diseases by integrating a pre-trained convolutional neural network (PCNN), such as VGG16, VGG19, or ResNet50, with an incremental extreme learning machine (I-ELM) for efficient feature extraction and classification. A key innovation of this model is replacing the PCNN’s fully connected layer with the I-ELM, which eliminates the lengthy back-propagation process and significantly reduces training time. Integrating I-ELM with PCNN harnesses the rapid learning capabilities and robust generalization of I-ELM with the superior feature extraction abilities of CNNs. I-ELM simplifies the network architecture by avoiding the complex neural networks commonly used in other methods. The model’s effectiveness is rigorously evaluated on the well-known Plant Village dataset, demonstrating its ability to identify various apple diseases through performance metrics such as precision, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and the F1-score. Comparing existing deep learning models using these metrics highlights its superior performance. This innovation is up-and-coming for intelligent agricultural systems, offering an effective solution for classifying apple diseases and enabling timely and innovative farming practices. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Fruits

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Cultivating road safety: A comprehensive examination of intelligent ensemble-based road crack detection

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第12期84卷 10747-10780页

作者： Navpreet Roul, Rajendra Kumar Rani, Rinkle Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology Punjab Patiala147004 India

Detecting and promptly identifying cracks on road surfaces is of paramount importance for preserving infrastructure integrity and ensuring the safety of road users, including both drivers and pedestrians. Presently, the predominant approach for crack detection relies on labor-intensive and costly manual inspections, exacerbated by the enduring challenge of concrete road cracks susceptible to environmental factors like temperature fluctuations, heavy traffic loads, and prolonged exposure to harsh weather conditions. This paper presents a comprehensive research initiative aimed at advancing road crack detection techniques. The proposed method leverages a classical Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in conjunction with the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) for efficient feature extraction and classification. A pivotal breakthrough is achieved by replacing the fully connected layer of the CNN with ELM, thus circumventing the time-consuming backpropagation process and significantly expediting the training process. This integration harnesses ELM’s swift learning capabilities and strong generalization performance, complemented by the CNN’s exceptional feature extraction abilities. The model’s effectiveness is rigorously assessed using the wide recognized CCIC, SDNET2018, and Synthesized datasets, and its proficiency in distinguishing between Crack and No-Crack regions is demonstrated through various performance metrics. Furthermore, the model’s performance is benchmarked against existing deep learning models using these performance metrics, showcasing its superior performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Roads and streets

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Hybrid optimization assisted deep ensemble classification framework for skin cancer detection

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第1期84卷 63-94页

作者： Pukhta, Irfan Rashid Rout, Ranjeet Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Srinagar190006 India

In 2018, there were 1 million occurrences of non-melanoma cancer and 288,000 occurrences of malignant skin cancer (MM) recorded worldwide. Given the aging of the population and limited resources for medical care, a complete strategy to prevent skin cancer must include both practical detection and accurate diagnosis. Dermatologists and family physicians may find it challenging to identify skin cancer, particularly MM, at an early phase. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a paradigm for skin cancer detection, where pre-processing is the initial step for which median filter (MF) is employed. The pre-processed image undergoes segmentation, which is done by an Improved DBSCAN approach. Once the segmentation is over, features like "GLCM, Local Binary pattern (LBP), Local Vector Pattern (LVP), and Improved Center Symmetric Local Ternary Pattern (CSLTP)" are extracted. This is the final phase, where an ensemble classifier (EC) that combines the models like "Convolutional Neural network (CNN), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi-GRU)" is deployed. Further, weights of CNN, Bi-GRU, and LSTM are tuned by Hawks Updated Blue Monkey Algorithm with Gaussian Map Randomness (HUBM-GMR) based hybrid optimization. The study will ultimately validate the HUBM-GMR model. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Leveraging feature fusion ensemble of VGG16 and ResNet-50 for automated potato leaf abnormality detection in precision agriculture

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Soft Computing 2025年第4期29卷 2263-2277页

作者： Trivedi, Amit Kumar Mahajan, Tripti Maheshwari, Tanmay Mehta, Rajesh Tiwari, Shailendra Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Patiala147001 India

In the era of advancement in technology and modern agriculture, early disease detection of potato leaves will improve crop yield. Various researchers have focussed on disease due to different types of microbial infection in potato leaves using computer vision and machine learning approaches. In this paper, a data science approach for multiclass classification of potato normal and abnormal leaves due to fungal infection like early blight and late blight is performed using the ensembling of deep learning (DL) CNN models. Firstly, the performance of classification on potato disease is verified separately on VGG16 and ResNet-50 CNN models after pre-processing of the leaf dataset. The pre-processing includes noise removal and normalization. Further improvement in classification accuracy is achieved by the ensembling of VGG16 and ResNet-50 CNN models. The ensembling of CNN models is performed on the feature level by fusing features extracted using VGG16 and ResNet-50. From the experimental results, performed on publicly available datasets consisting of 2152 number of normal and abnormal images it is observed that the average classification accuracy of 98.22%, 96.16% and 95.68% is achieved using the proposed ensemble, VGG16 and ResNet-50 models respectively. The efficacy of the proposed approach (ensemble technique at feature level fusion) is verified in comparison with recently reported DL model-based approaches. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Recognition of American sign language using modified deep residual CNN with modified canny edge segmentation

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-28页

作者： Hariharan, U. Devarajan, Devikanniga Kumar, P. Santhosh Rajkumar, K. Meena, M. Akilan, T. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM University Karnataka Bengaluru561203 India Department of Information Technology Faculty of Engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Tamil Nadu Chennai600089 India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Sairam Engineering College Tamil Nadu Tambaram602109 India Research Coordinator Dept. of IQAC Amity University Kolkata West Bengal 700135 India

American Sign Language (ASL) recognition aims to recognize hand gestures, and it is a crucial solution to communicating between the deaf community and hearing people. However, existing sign language recognition algorithms still have some drawbacks, such as difficulty recognizing hand movements and low recognition accuracy for most sign language recognition. A Modified Convolutional Neural Network (MCNN) deep residual 101 classifier-based American Sign Language identification system has been developed to address this problem. There are three main parts presents in the method. The first part is pre-processing the images to remove the noise, enhance the contrast of the picture, adjust the contrast level and smoothen the picture using various filters. The second part is the segmentation, and it’s used to partition the image using a modified canny edge detection method by removing all weak edges present in the image. Finally, classification will be done using the Modified CNN deep residual 101 classifiers. By classifying the image, the American Sign Language is accurately identified. This process is conducted through images. The outcome shows that the suggested approach has a 0.97% accuracy and a 0.05% False Positive Rate. Other CNN architectures such as resNet 50 and resNet 18 reached 0.90% and 0.80% accuracy, respectively, which is lower than our proposed method. In addition, the resNet 101 classifier effectively recognizes the difficult hand gestures through the image data. It obtains high recognition accuracy for 36 signs is 0 to 9 numbers and a to z alphabets from American Sign Language. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Adaptive pelican optimization with optimized mask RCNN for automatic lung cancer detection

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-21页

作者： Sudha, R. Maheswari, K.M. Uma Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chengalpattu India Department of Computing Technologies SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chengalpattu India

Lung cancer is a prevalent and deadly disease worldwide, necessitating accurate and timely detection methods for effective treatment. Deep learning-based approaches have emerged as promising solutions for automated medical image analysis. This study proposes an enhanced Mask R-CNN framework tailored specifically for the automatic detection and severity analysis of lung cancer from CT images. The proposed approach consists of three stages namely, pre-processing, lung nodule detection, and segmentation using enhanced Mask R-CNN and severity analysis. Our framework employs a deep convolutional neural network architecture trained on a comprehensive dataset of annotated lung images. By incorporating a region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) with a mask prediction branch, our model accurately localizes lung tumors while providing precise pixel-level segmentation masks. To enhance the performance of mask RCNN, the parameter present in the classifier is optimally selected using the adaptive pelican optimization (APO) algorithm. The proposed framework detects lung tumors and provides a comprehensive severity analysis, enabling clinicians to assess cancer stage and progression accurately. Evaluation on a benchmark dataset demonstrates superior detection accuracy and robustness compared to existing methods. Our enhanced Mask R-CNN approach shows promise as a valuable tool for early diagnosis and severity assessment of lung cancer, potentially improving patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Existence and uniqueness of mean field equilibrium in continuous bandit game

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第3期68卷 395-396页

作者： Xiong WANG Yuqing LI Riheng JIA School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Normal University

Multiarmed bandit(MAB) models are widely used for sequential decision-making in uncertain environments, such as resource allocation in computer communication systems.A critical challenge in interactive multiagent systems with bandit feedback is to explore and understand the equilibrium state to ensure stable and tractable system performance.

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Fall Detection and Alerts in Hearing Aids for Deaf using Generative AI 2

Fall Detection and Alerts in Hearing Aids for Deaf using Gen...

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2nd International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication technology and Networking, CICTN 2025

作者： Tripathi, Bharat Lal Saini, Madan Jain, Manish Saxena, Apoorva Pal, Narendra Department of Computer Application Allenhouse Institute of Technology Kanpur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University Punjab India Department of Computer Application Allenhouse Business School Kanpur India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Axis Institute of Technology & Management Kanpur India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Invertis University Bareilly India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530389

Individuals with sensorineural hearing loss often experience difficulty comprehending speech when background noise is present. This paper investigates the extent of this problem in various listening scenarios and with different types of background sounds. Additionally, the section explores the contributing factors to this challenge such as reduced audibility, reduced frequency selectivity, loudness recruitment, and dead regions in the cochlea where there are no surviving inner hair cells and or neurons. The sections evaluate different techniques for compensating for the effects of these factors. While signal-processing methods using the output of a single microphone to compensate for reduced frequency selectivity have had limited success, techniques utilizing multiple microphones have proven effective. Amplitude compression has also been effective in compensating for the effects of loudness recruitment, enabling individuals to understand speech across a wide range of sound levels. Next, the paper delves into the technical aspects of implementing fall detection systems in hearing aids, learning algorithms are also investigated for their potential in enhancing fall detection accuracy and minimizing false alarms. Furthermore, the importance of user-friendly interfaces and customization features in ensuring the effectiveness and acceptance of fall detection alerts is also highlighted. The paper also addresses the ethical and privacy considerations associated with fall detection in hearing aids. It emphasizes the need for transparent data handling practices and user consent, while also addressing potential concerns related to user autonomy and intrusion. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Data privacy

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A two-stage method with twin autoencoders for the degradation trajectories prediction of lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第4期103卷 759-772页

作者： Lei Cai Jing Yan Haiyan Jin Jinhao Meng Jichang Peng Bin Wang Wei Liang Remus Teodorescu School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Technology School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Smart Grid Research Institute Nanjing Institute of Technology Department of Energy Aalborg University

To predict the lithium-ion(Li-ion) battery degradation trajectory in the early phase,arranging the maintenance of battery energy storage systems is of great ***,under different operation conditions,Li-ion batteries present distinct degradation patterns,and it is challenging to capture negligible capacity fade in early *** the data-driven method showing promising performance,insufficient data is still a big issue since the ageing experiments on the batteries are too slow and *** this study,we proposed twin autoencoders integrated into a two-stage method to predict the early cycles' degradation *** two-stage method can properly predict the degradation from course to *** twin autoencoders serve as a feature extractor and a synthetic data generator,***,a learning procedure based on the long-short term memory(LSTM) network is designed to hybridize the learning process between the real and synthetic *** performance of the proposed method is verified on three datasets,and the experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve accurate predictions compared to its competitors.

关键词： Autoencoder Battery degradation trajectory Early prediction Synthetic data generation

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Intrumer:A Multi Module Distributed Explainable IDS/IPS for Securing Cloud Environment

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen Banu A S.K.B.Sangeetha Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network *** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDS,have been developed to tackle these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection System(IDS)models struggle with unseen cyberattacks and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUMER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemodulesworking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&TM module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie Bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network traffic are taken into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention Module(XPM)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDSmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchmark IDS datasets CICIDS 2017,Honeypots,and NSL-KDD were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUMER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUMER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

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