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An enhanced framework for smart automated evaluations of answer scripts using NLP and deep learning methods

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第11期84卷 8491-8513页

作者： G, Mohanraj R.K, Nadesh M, Marimuthu V, Sathiyapriya School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore632014 India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai600127 India Knowledge Institute of Technology Salem637504 India

The manual process of evaluating answer scripts is strenuous. Evaluators use the answer key to assess the answers in the answer scripts. Advancements in technology and the introduction of new learning paradigms need automation of the evaluation process. This work aims to develop an enhanced novel hybrid framework that can evaluate answer scripts and automatically assign marks for different type of questions based on keywords, grammar, symbols, special keywords, and the given factors. First, the proposed system uses Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to convert image answer scripts into an editable text format. Second, the sentence transformers, the Natural Language Processing (NLP) technique flips the answer script and answers key texts into word embedding vectors. To find similarity measures, these vectors are matched using BERT encoding, spearmanś rank-order correlation, and fuzzy search. At last, the proposed model is trained using Deep Columnar Convolutional Neural Network (DCCNN) in the third step with MINST and Kaggle handwritten mathematical symbols and tested with the segmented mathematical equations to find the similarity. The performance of proposed model is measured using precision, recall, accuracy, and F1-score, and its gives highest accuracy of 93% and 95% when compared to the existing methodologies. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Optical character recognition

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Micro-Sleep Accident Prevention by SMART Vehicle Using AI and Image Processing 3

Micro-Sleep Accident Prevention by SMART Vehicle Using AI an...

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3rd IEEE Asian Conference on Innovation in technology, ASIANCON 2023

作者： Dubey, Sonali Samadhia, Vansh Chauhan, Sarthak Deshmukh, Nirmiti Sati, Dayal Chandra Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mohali India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302288

This research paper proposes a novel approach to prevent accidents caused by microsleep in smart vehicles through the integration of image processing and artificial intelligence. Microsleep is a brief period of unconsciousness that can occur during monotonous driving, leading to serious accidents. The proposed system aims to detect signs of microsleep in drivers and alert them to take corrective measures. The system uses a camera to capture images of the driver's face, which are analysed using image processing techniques to detect signs of fatigue or drowsiness. Apart from this we have come up with a smart steering wheel proposition, that monitors the data from pressure sensor installed in the wheel and launches an alert when the value drops or deviates from the normal threshold. An artificial intelligence model is then used to classify the level of fatigue and trigger appropriate alerts, such as auditory warnings, to the driver. The proposed system was tested on a dataset of real-world driving scenarios, and the results showed promising accuracy in detecting microsleep and preventing accidents. This system could potentially improve road safety and reduce the risk of accidents caused by driver fatigue in smart vehicles. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Accidents

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NeurDB: an AI-powered autonomous data system

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 129-150页

作者： Beng Chin OOI Shaofeng CAI Gang CHEN Yanyan SHEN Kian-Lee TAN Yuncheng WU Xiaokui XIAO Naili XING Cong YUE Lingze ZENG Meihui ZHANG Zhanhao ZHAO School of Computing National University of Singapore College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Information Renmin University of China School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

In the wake of rapid advancements in artificial intelligence(AI), we stand on the brink of a transformative leap in data systems. The imminent fusion of AI and DB(AI×DB) promises a new generation of data systems, which will relieve the burden on end-users across all industry sectors by featuring AI-enhanced functionalities, such as personalized and automated in-database AI-powered analytics, and selfdriving capabilities for improved system performance. In this paper, we explore the evolution of data systems with a focus on deepening the fusion of AI and DB. We present NeurDB, an AI-powered autonomous data system designed to fully embrace AI design in each major system component and provide in-database AI-powered analytics. We outline the conceptual and architectural overview of NeurDB, discuss its design choices and key components, and report its current development and future plan.

关键词： AI$\times$DB in-database AI intelligent data system

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An Encoding-Decoding Framework Based on CNN for circ RNA-RBP Binding Sites Prediction

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 256-263页

作者： Yajing GUO Xiujuan LEI Yi PAN School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Computer Science Georgia State University

Predicting RNA binding protein(RBP) binding sites on circular RNAs(circ RNAs) is a fundamental step to understand their interaction mechanism. Numerous computational methods are developed to solve this problem, but they cannot fully learn the features. Therefore, we propose circ-CNNED, a convolutional neural network(CNN)-based encoding and decoding framework. We first adopt two encoding methods to obtain two original matrices. We preprocess them using CNN before fusion. To capture the feature dependencies, we utilize temporal convolutional network(TCN) and CNN to construct encoding and decoding blocks, respectively. Then we introduce global expectation pooling to learn latent information and enhance the robustness of circ-CNNED. We perform circ-CNNED across 37 datasets to evaluate its effect. The comparison and ablation experiments demonstrate that our method is superior. In addition, motif enrichment analysis on four datasets helps us to explore the reason for performance improvement of circ-CNNED.

关键词： Circular RNAs (circRNAs) RNA binding proteins Convolutional neural network Temporal convolutional network Encoder-decoder network

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Multi-label, Classification-based Prediction of Breast Cancer Metastasis Directions

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2025年第1期52卷 1-10页

作者： Wang, Tingting Fan, Qi Tan, Liang Zhang, Beier School of Computer and Software Engineering Anhui Institute of Information Technology China School of Computer Science and Technology Huaibei Normal University China School of Computer and Software Engineering Anhui Institute of Information Technology China School of Computer Science and Technology Huaibei Normal University China

Predicting the metastatic direction of primary breast cancer (BC), thus assisting physicians in precise treatment, strict follow-up, and effectively improving the prognosis. The clinical data of 293,946 patients with primary BC diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Multiple interpolations and Multi-label Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique methods were used for data analysis, and machine learning model was established for multi-label classification. Finally, Surgical information, lymph node status, distant metastasis, tumor size, chemotherapy, histological type, and radiotherapy had significant influence as inputs. Compared with the k-nearest neighbor model, average accuracies of the decision tree and random forest (RF) models increased from 88.84% to 93.59% and 94.14%, respectively. Their average precision, recall rate, F1 score, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and weighted-F1 increased from 87.24% to 95.85% and 94.74%, 87.73% to 90.40% and 91.76%, 87.07% to 92.16% and 93.45%, 97.11% to 99.53% and 99.95%, 82.13% to 89.44% and 90.48%, respectively. In conclusion, the RF model, which showed the best performance, can be used in multi-label prediction of BC metastasis directions, and can assist physicians in diagnosing and treating patients with primary BC. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Optimizing Image Retrieval in Cloud Servers with TN-AGW: A Secure and Efficient Approach

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 2025年第2期106卷 459-473页

作者： Ponnuviji, N.P. Nirmala, G. Kokila, M. L. Sworna Priyadharshini, S. Indra Department of Computer Science and Engineering RMK College of Engineering and Technology Puduvoyal Thiruvallur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering RMD Engineering College Chennai India Department of Computing Technologies School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nādu Kattankulathur Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India

The increasing use of cloud-based image storage and retrieval systems has made ensuring security and efficiency crucial. The security enhancement of image retrieval and image archival in cloud computing has received considerable attention in transmitting data and ensuring data confidentiality among cloud servers and users. Various traditional image retrieval techniques regarding security have developed in recent years but they do not apply to large-scale environments. This paper introduces a new approach called Triple network-based adaptive grey wolf (TN-AGW) to address these challenges. The TN-AGW framework combines the adaptability of the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm with the resilience of Triple Network (TN) to enhance image retrieval in cloud servers while maintaining robust security measures. By using adaptive mechanisms, TN-AGW dynamically adjusts its parameters to improve the efficiency of image retrieval processes, reducing latency and utilization of resources. However, the image retrieval process is efficiently performed by a triple network and the parameters employed in the network are optimized by Adaptive Grey Wolf (AGW) optimization. Imputation of missing values, Min–Max normalization, and Z-score standardization processes are used to preprocess the images. The image extraction process is undertaken by a modified convolutional neural network (MCNN) approach. Moreover, input images are taken from datasets such as the Landsat 8 dataset and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) dataset is employed for image retrieval. Further, the performance such as accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, F1-score, and false alarm rate (FAR) is evaluated, the value of accuracy reaches 98.1%, the precision of 97.2%, recall of 96.1%, and specificity of 917.2% respectively. Also, the convergence speed is enhanced in this TN-AGW approach. Therefore, the proposed TN-AGW approach achieves greater efficiency in image retrieving than other existing

关键词： Extraction

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Apple Leaf Disease Detection Using Transfer Learning

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Annals of Data science 2025年第1期12卷 213-222页

作者： Wani, Ozair Ahmad Zahoor, Umer Shah, Syed Zubair Ahmad Khan, Rijwan Department of Computer Science & Engineering Islamic University of Science and Technology Jammu & Kashmir Awantipora India Department of Computer Science and Engineering ABES Institute of Technology Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad India

Automated detection of plant diseases is crucial as it simplifies the task of monitoring large farms and identifies diseases at their early stages to mitigate further plant degradation. Besides the decline in plant health, reduced production severely impacts the country’s economy. Traditional disease identification methods, relying on human experts, are slow, time-consuming, and impractical for large farms. Our proposed model utilizes a combination of pre-trained Resnet18, Alexnet, GoogLeNet, and VGG16 networks to classify apple tree leaves into categories such as healthy, black rot, apple cedar rust, and apple scab based on images. Various image enhancement techniques were employed to enhance the model’s accuracy. Ultimately, our model achieved an accuracy of 97.25% on the validation dataset, demonstrating excellent performance across various metrics. This suggests its potential for efficient and accurate plant health monitoring in the agricultural sector. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Parkinson’s disease Severity Detection Based on Fused features with tuned Residual Deep Convolutional Neural Network

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第14期84卷 13111-13131页

作者： Vishwakarma, Gagan Nandanwar, Amit Kumar Thakur, Ghanshyam Singh Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology MP Bhopal India Computer Science & Engineering Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology MP Bhopal India Department of Computer Applications Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology MP Bhopal India

Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnosis involves the assessment of a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms. To accurately diagnose PD, it is necessary to differentiate its symptoms from those of other conditions. During the diagnosis process, clinicians must consider gait abnormalities as one of the key symptoms. However, relying solely on clinical judgment for the diagnosis of PD may have limitations. In this work, we have proposed a Multikernel SVM (MK-SVM) based Parkinson's severity analysis method. Initially, an adaptive median filter is used to reduce the noise in the gait image. Then, to extract the features, we propose a dual-layer method that employs stacked autoencoders (SAEs) for local feature extraction and residual deep convolution neural networks (RDCNN) for global feature extraction. The hyper-parameters from the RDCNN are optimized using the Enhanced walrus optimization algorithm (EWO). In the final step, we use MK-SVM to classify PD according to severity. This model is evaluated using the GAIT-IT and GAIT-IST datasets. With the help of Python, we evaluated the proposed model in terms of precision, accuracy, recall, specificity, and F-scores, and the model achieved a maximum accuracy of 97.3%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Feature extraction

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Enhancing Potato Disease Classification with Inception V3-Based Deep Learning Model 7

Enhancing Potato Disease Classification with Inception V3-Ba...

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7th International Conference on Electronics, Materials engineering and Nano-technology, IEMENTech 2023

作者： Agarwal, Raghav Mittal, Sparsh Sharma, Aashish Hariharan, U. Apex Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh University Punjab India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350305517

Potato cultivation is a cornerstone of global foods production, however it is always threatened with the aid of the usage of a range of illnesses that can notably limit crop yield and quality. Traditional methods of disease detection are normally time-consuming and error-prone, prompting the adoption of deep gaining information of strategies for automated illness classification. In this research, we suggest a sturdy and right reply for potato disease classification, leveraging the electrical energy of InceptionV3, a present day convolutional neural neighborhood (CNN) architecture. Our model is trained to classify potato vegetation into three classes: Early Blight, Late Blight, and Healthy, specifically based totally on leaf conditions. Extensive experimentation on a dataset of potato leaf portraits demonstrates the efficacy of our approach, with a classification accuracy of 96.38%. Our discover out about contributes to the growing physique of search for in the challenge of plant disease detection, presenting an computerized and surroundings pleasant reply to embellish crop administration practices. This search for has the attainable to revolutionize disorder prognosis in agriculture, making positive properly timed intervention and sustainable ingredients production. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Diseases

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Deep feature-support vector machine based hybrid model for multi-crop leaf disease identification in Corn, Rice, and Wheat

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第8期84卷 4751-4771页

作者： Bhola, Amit Kumar, Prabhat Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna Bihar India

Corn, Rice, and Wheat serve as primary staple foods globally, playing a pivotal role in the economies of numerous countries. Despite their paramount importance, these cereal crops face susceptibility to various diseases, posing a significant threat to production. Timely and accurate disease diagnosis is imperative to mitigate these risks. In response, a range of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models have been devised to automate the identification of diseases impacting cereal crops. While DL excels with abundant data, traditional ML may outperform DL with limited data. This study proposes a hybrid model integrating deep transfer learning and ML techniques for identifying crop diseases. The model utilizes pre-trained DenseNet201 weights to extract features, which are subsequently fed into a Support Vector Machine (SVM) for identification. Experimental results show that the hybrid model outperforms several benchmark counterparts. The DenseNet201 deep feature combined with SVM exhibits superior performance, achieving an impressive accuracy score of 87.23% with just 20.2M parameters. The model underwent comprehensive performance assessment using precision, recall, F1 score, and overall accuracy metrics. It effectively classifies healthy and diseased categories for each crop, achieving accuracies of 99.82%, 98.75%, and 84.15% for Corn, Wheat, and Rice, respectively. Moreover, the model’s remarkable performance and lightweight nature make it a practical and efficient real-time crop disease detection solution, emphasizing its relevance and significance for farmers and researchers in the agricultural community. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Support vector machines

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