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Novel methodology for apple leaf disease classification with PCNN-IELM

Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第6期37卷 4895-4913页

作者： Navpreet Roul, Rajendra Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Patiala147004 India

Agriculture is crucial to the global economy, particularly in ensuring food security. Recent trends indicate that various plant diseases are causing substantial financial losses in the agricultural sector worldwide. Traditional manual inspection methods for detecting fruit and plant diseases are labor-intensive and inefficient. Adopting automated disease detection technologies could significantly enhance early diagnosis and reduce the economic impact of these diseases on agriculture. This study introduces an advanced model for classifying apple diseases by integrating a pre-trained convolutional neural network (PCNN), such as VGG16, VGG19, or ResNet50, with an incremental extreme learning machine (I-ELM) for efficient feature extraction and classification. A key innovation of this model is replacing the PCNN’s fully connected layer with the I-ELM, which eliminates the lengthy back-propagation process and significantly reduces training time. Integrating I-ELM with PCNN harnesses the rapid learning capabilities and robust generalization of I-ELM with the superior feature extraction abilities of CNNs. I-ELM simplifies the network architecture by avoiding the complex neural networks commonly used in other methods. The model’s effectiveness is rigorously evaluated on the well-known Plant Village dataset, demonstrating its ability to identify various apple diseases through performance metrics such as precision, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and the F1-score. Comparing existing deep learning models using these metrics highlights its superior performance. This innovation is up-and-coming for intelligent agricultural systems, offering an effective solution for classifying apple diseases and enabling timely and innovative farming practices. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Fruits

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Intrusion Detection System Using Classification Algorithms with Feature Selection Mechanism over Real-Time Data Traffic

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China Communications 2024年第9期21卷 292-320页

作者： Gulab Sah Sweety Singh Subhasish Banerjee Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Arunachal PradeshIndia

The key objective of intrusion detection systems(IDS)is to protect the particular host or network by investigating and predicting the network traffic as an attack or *** IDS uses many methods of machine learning(ML)to learn from pastexperience attack *** based and identify the new *** though these methods are effective,but they have to suffer from large computational costs due to considering all the traffic features,***,emerging technologies like the Internet of Things(Io T),big data,*** getting advanced day by day;as a result,network traffics are also increasing ***,the issue of computational cost needs to be addressed ***,in this research,firstly,the ML methods have been used with the feature selection technique(FST)to reduce the number of features by picking out only the important ones from NSL-KDD,CICIDS2017,and CIC-DDo S2019datasets later that helped to build IDSs with lower cost but with the higher performance which would be appropriate for vast scale *** experimental result demonstrated that the proposed model *** tree(DT)with Recursive feature elimination(RFE)performs better than other classifiers with RFE in terms of accuracy,specificity,precision,sensitivity,F1-score,and G-means on the investigated datasets.

关键词： CICIDS2017 dataset classifiers IDS ML NSL KDD dataset RFE

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Dual strategy for single image denoising and generation using deep neural network

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-17页

作者： Ranjith, J. Sarobin, Vergin Raja Bhargavi, Renta Chintala School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India

Removing noise in the real-world scenario has been a daunting task in the field of natural language processing. Research has shown that Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have proven to be very useful in terms of noise generation in order to synthesize noise and clean image couples in order to train the deep denoiser architectures. In our work, we develop a method that denoises an image while dealing hand in hand with image generation tasks so as to facilitate the former and reduce the load on the denoiser. We use a probabilistic model by learning the joint distribution of the noisy and clean image couples. To be more specific, we use an approximation of the above-mentioned probabilistic distribution by using two different forms, one that can map clean images to noisy, hereafter referred to as the generator, and the vice versa, i.e., mapping a noisy image to a clean image hereafter referred to as the image denoiser. The advantage of this method is that as compared to traditional models where manual design of the images beforehand and deducing information on the noise assumption was critical, the learned probabilistic joint distribution now implicitly holds the required details related to the clean and noisy images. The main aim of the symmetric generator is to enhance the performance of the denoiser by generating synthetic noisy images from the same dataset itself. The evaluation of the denoiser was done using two evaluation metrics, peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and the structural similarity index (SSIM). The entire experiment was conducted using the publicly available Smartphone Image Denoising Dataset (SIDD). © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Finding Friendly Neighborhood: Optimal D2D Relaying in mmWave IoT Networks

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 89193-89207页

作者： Mahendran, V. Badarla, Venkataramana Krishna, Vamshi Vijay Indian Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tirupati517619 India

Device-to-Device (D2D) relaying helps improve the coverage range and throughput of the millimeter Wave (mmWave) networks. This work focuses on improving the uplink throughput in a single-cell mmWave-based Internet-of-Things (IoT) network. The key factors involve the placement of relays and neighbor selection (NS)(, i.e., the process of selecting source IoTs within the relay node's coverage range). The problem is formulated using model-based bandits, and the associated structural results are analyzed. Considering the resource-constrained nature of IoTs, we have developed a simple rule-based NS as an alternative to computationally intensive learning-based neighbor-selection processes from state of the art. By utilizing the rule-based NS, we show that there exists a conducive coverage range (called a friendly neighborhood) for the relay node to choose the neighbors. Accordingly, a geometry-based relay placement mechanism is proposed to maximize the uplink throughput. The optimality of the proposed solutions is shown analytically, and their performance concerning the state of the art is evaluated using extensive simulation. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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Novel design of a sentiment based stock market index forecasting system

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Soft Computing 2024年第20期28卷 12081-12095页

作者： Roy, Partha Depatment of Computer Science and Engineering Bhilai Institute of Technology Durg India

This article proposes a novel idea for creating a sentiment-based stock market index forecasting model by amalgamating price and sentiment data hidden in the price pattern itself. The state-of-the-art methodologies used in forecasting stock markets involve gathering sentiment data from external sources like tweets, but the proposed model is unique in the sense it extracts the sentiment information from the price itself, making it more reliable and easier to test and implement. In the proposed system the simple daily time series is converted to an information enriched fuzzy linguistic time series with a unique approach of incorporating information about the sentiment behind the Open High Low Close (OHLC) price formation that took place at every instance of the time series. A unique approach is followed while modeling the information retrieval (IR) system which converts a simple IR system it into a forecasting system. A number of experiments were conducted using the proposed model on Nifty-50 index values (5 years) and it was found that the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) value came around 1.03 and RMSE% came around 1.72% which is quite small compared to number of observations and hence this gives a strong indication that the proposed system has the capability to perform good quality of forecasts. The model is simple and easy to implement with very nominal memory requirements, compared to other type of models. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Marketplaces

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-21页

作者： Gorai, Joy Shaw, Dilip Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur India

As internet use in communication networks has grown, fake news has become a big problem. The misleading heading of the news loses the trust of the reader. Many techniques have emerged, but they fail because fraudsters or exploiters find new ways to deceive them. Semantic analysis and machine learning techniques play a significant role in fake news detection. We must semantically assess terms used in the headline and main content before filtration because words can have different meanings in different contexts. In the paper, a method for determining fake news is introduced by calculating the dissimilarity between the title and content of the news. Vector distance calculators are used to extract semantic dissimilarities, which were then utilized as an additional feature. Initially, Term frequency-inverse document frequency (Tf-Idf) and Mutual Information (MI) are employed for text Feature Extraction (FE) on the ‘title’ and ’content’ of the news articles. Subsequently, four different vector distance calculators are used to extract vector distance-based features. The resulting distance values are used to train various machine learning classifiers, achieving the highest accuracy of 99%. Our method provides a comprehensive analysis by capturing diverse aspects of semantic dissimilarity from various distance calculators. The proposed method is then compared with previous techniques to demonstrate its effectiveness. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Semantics

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Cultivating road safety: A comprehensive examination of intelligent ensemble-based road crack detection

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第12期84卷 10747-10780页

作者： Navpreet Roul, Rajendra Kumar Rani, Rinkle Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology Punjab Patiala147004 India

Detecting and promptly identifying cracks on road surfaces is of paramount importance for preserving infrastructure integrity and ensuring the safety of road users, including both drivers and pedestrians. Presently, the predominant approach for crack detection relies on labor-intensive and costly manual inspections, exacerbated by the enduring challenge of concrete road cracks susceptible to environmental factors like temperature fluctuations, heavy traffic loads, and prolonged exposure to harsh weather conditions. This paper presents a comprehensive research initiative aimed at advancing road crack detection techniques. The proposed method leverages a classical Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in conjunction with the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) for efficient feature extraction and classification. A pivotal breakthrough is achieved by replacing the fully connected layer of the CNN with ELM, thus circumventing the time-consuming backpropagation process and significantly expediting the training process. This integration harnesses ELM’s swift learning capabilities and strong generalization performance, complemented by the CNN’s exceptional feature extraction abilities. The model’s effectiveness is rigorously assessed using the wide recognized CCIC, SDNET2018, and Synthesized datasets, and its proficiency in distinguishing between Crack and No-Crack regions is demonstrated through various performance metrics. Furthermore, the model’s performance is benchmarked against existing deep learning models using these performance metrics, showcasing its superior performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Roads and streets

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TRE-DSP: A traceable and revocable CP-ABE based data sharing scheme for IoV with partially hidden policy

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Digital Communications and Networks 2025年第2期11卷 455-464页

作者： Yousheng Zhou Rundong Peng Yuanni Liu Pandi Vijayakumar Brij Gupta College of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications College of Cyber Security and Information Law Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Computer Science and Engineering University College of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra

With the popularity of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV), a large amount of data is being generated every day. How to securely share data between the IoV operator and various value-added service providers becomes one of the critical issues. Due to its flexible and efficient fine-grained access control feature, Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption(CP-ABE) is suitable for data sharing in IoV. However, there are many flaws in most existing CP-ABE schemes, such as attribute privacy leakage and key misuse. This paper proposes a Traceable and Revocable CP-ABE-based Data Sharing with Partially hidden policy for IoV(TRE-DSP). A partially hidden access structure is adopted to hide sensitive user attribute values, and attribute categories are sent along with the ciphertext to effectively avoid privacy exposure. In addition, key tracking and malicious user revocation are introduced with broadcast encryption to prevent key misuse. Since the main computation task is outsourced to the cloud, the burden of the user side is relatively low. Analysis of security and performance demonstrates that TRE-DSP is more secure and practical for data sharing in IoV.

关键词： Privacy-preserving Attribute-based encryption Partially hidden policy Traceability User revocation Internet of vehicles

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Hybrid optimization assisted deep ensemble classification framework for skin cancer detection

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第1期84卷 63-94页

作者： Pukhta, Irfan Rashid Rout, Ranjeet Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Srinagar190006 India

In 2018, there were 1 million occurrences of non-melanoma cancer and 288,000 occurrences of malignant skin cancer (MM) recorded worldwide. Given the aging of the population and limited resources for medical care, a complete strategy to prevent skin cancer must include both practical detection and accurate diagnosis. Dermatologists and family physicians may find it challenging to identify skin cancer, particularly MM, at an early phase. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a paradigm for skin cancer detection, where pre-processing is the initial step for which median filter (MF) is employed. The pre-processed image undergoes segmentation, which is done by an Improved DBSCAN approach. Once the segmentation is over, features like "GLCM, Local Binary pattern (LBP), Local Vector Pattern (LVP), and Improved Center Symmetric Local Ternary Pattern (CSLTP)" are extracted. This is the final phase, where an ensemble classifier (EC) that combines the models like "Convolutional Neural network (CNN), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi-GRU)" is deployed. Further, weights of CNN, Bi-GRU, and LSTM are tuned by Hawks Updated Blue Monkey Algorithm with Gaussian Map Randomness (HUBM-GMR) based hybrid optimization. The study will ultimately validate the HUBM-GMR model. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Leveraging feature fusion ensemble of VGG16 and ResNet-50 for automated potato leaf abnormality detection in precision agriculture

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Soft Computing 2025年第4期29卷 2263-2277页

作者： Trivedi, Amit Kumar Mahajan, Tripti Maheshwari, Tanmay Mehta, Rajesh Tiwari, Shailendra Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Patiala147001 India

In the era of advancement in technology and modern agriculture, early disease detection of potato leaves will improve crop yield. Various researchers have focussed on disease due to different types of microbial infection in potato leaves using computer vision and machine learning approaches. In this paper, a data science approach for multiclass classification of potato normal and abnormal leaves due to fungal infection like early blight and late blight is performed using the ensembling of deep learning (DL) CNN models. Firstly, the performance of classification on potato disease is verified separately on VGG16 and ResNet-50 CNN models after pre-processing of the leaf dataset. The pre-processing includes noise removal and normalization. Further improvement in classification accuracy is achieved by the ensembling of VGG16 and ResNet-50 CNN models. The ensembling of CNN models is performed on the feature level by fusing features extracted using VGG16 and ResNet-50. From the experimental results, performed on publicly available datasets consisting of 2152 number of normal and abnormal images it is observed that the average classification accuracy of 98.22%, 96.16% and 95.68% is achieved using the proposed ensemble, VGG16 and ResNet-50 models respectively. The efficacy of the proposed approach (ensemble technique at feature level fusion) is verified in comparison with recently reported DL model-based approaches. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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