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Heat stress in landfill environments: Evaluating worker exposure and occupational risks

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental engineering 2025年 11卷

作者： Abidin, Azham Umar Munawaroh, Anisful Lailil Rosinta, Aulia Sulistiyani, Arvi Tri Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning Universitas Islam Indonesia Indonesia Department of Information and Medical Service Vocational School Applied Master's Program in Occupational Health and Safety Universitas Gadjah Mada Indonesia Department of Community Family and Occupational Medicine Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Thailand Faculty of Medicine Universitas Islam Indonesia Indonesia

Heat stress is a notable occupational health hazard, particularly because global climate change intensified environmental heat exposure. Workers in high-temperature environments, such as landfill sites, encounter significant health risks associated with heat stress, including dehydration, excessive sweating, fatigue, headaches, and potentially more severe conditions. This study examined landfill workers in Yogyakarta, where outdoor conditions increased their susceptibility to heat-related hazards. This study aimed to quantify heat stress in landfill operations via objective data analysis, which refers to the quantitative assessment of environmental heat conditions using the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index, with the goal of informing practical interventions and improving worker health and safety protocols. This cross-sectional study, a type of observational research design, examined data collected at specific points in time. This study involved 39 landfill workers, with WBGT measurements collected at 25 sampling locations in the morning, daylight, and afternoon. This study evaluated the risk of heat stress at various times of the day using WBGT values. The results demonstrated notable fluctuations in WBGT, with peak levels occurring in daylight, consequently increasing the risk of heat stress. Age and body weight are significant factors because older individuals and those with increased body mass exhibit heightened susceptibility to heat retention. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in WBGT measurements between morning and daylight and between daylight and afternoon (p < 0.001). These findings highlight the necessity for timely monitoring and management strategies to reduce heat stress risk, especially during daylight hours. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Climate change Heat stress Occupational health Wet bulb globe temperature Workers

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Environmental health risks and impacts of PM_2.5 exposure on human health in residential areas, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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Toxicology Reports 2025年 14卷 101949页

作者： Abidin, Azham Umar Munawaroh, Anisful Lailil Rosinta, Aulia Sulistiyani, Arvi Tri Ardianta, Iwan Iresha, Fajri Mulya Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning Universitas Islam Indonesia Indonesia Department of Information and Medical Service Vocational School Applied Master's Program in Occupational Health and Safety Universitas Gadjah Mada Indonesia Department of Community Family and Occupational Medicine Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Thailand Faculty of Medicine Universitas Islam Indonesia Indonesia Laboratory of Air Quality Department of Environmental Engineering Universitas Islam Indonesia Indonesia Laboratory of Solid and Hazardous Wastes Department of Environmental Engineering Universitas Islam Indonesia Indonesia

Air pollution, particularly PM2.5, significantly impacts public health in developing areas. This study evaluates PM2.5 exposure among residents and conducts a health risk assessment within the human community in Bantu... 详细信息

Air pollution, particularly PM_2.5, significantly impacts public health in developing areas. This study evaluates PM_2.5 exposure among residents and conducts a health risk assessment within the human community in Bantul Regency, Indonesia, utilizing a high-volume air sampler (HVAS) over 24 h in a residential area and interviewing 36 respondents. The findings of this study show that PM_2.5 concentrations varied from 50.7 to 61.9 μg/m³, exceeding the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) of 35 μg/m³. The risk hazard quotient (RQ) values of PM_2.5 were greater than 1, signifying considerable health risk. Epidemiological statistical analysis indicates a significant correlation (p-value < 0.05) between PM_2.5 exposure, health complaints, and respondent characteristics. Residents report health issues including cough, headache, eye irritation, breathlessness, and wheezing. The findings emphasize the imperative for more rigorous air quality standards and regulations, enhanced public awareness and education regarding preventive practices, and urban planning development strategies incorporating green infrastructure. These measures are crucial for alleviating health hazards and enhancing air quality in impacted areas. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： environmental health health impact health risk assessment PM2.5 exposure

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Comparative study of asphalt concrete characteristic between ideal gradation and laboratory tested gradation with crumb rubber 1

Comparative study of asphalt concrete characteristic between...

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1st International Conference of Construction, Infrastructure, and Materials, ICCIM 2019

作者： Sundara, Asep Sari, Risna Rismiana Balqis, Tanya Audia Civil Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia Applied Master Program Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia

Modifying asphalt concrete with using Crumb Rubber (CR) can provide environmental benefits. The method used in this study is an experimental laboratory with Mashall machine. The tests used two types of gradation, namely the gradations of Ideal and Laboratory Test. CR used in a mixture with a dry process method to replacement 0%, 5%, 15% and 20% of the weight aggregate at fraction No. 30 (0.6 mm). The results showed that the Ideal gradation mixture has a better characteristic than the mixture of laboratory tested gradations. Ideal gradations can increased stability into 10% from Laboratory Test gradations for mixture without CR. Addition of CR contect in AC mixture did not significantly effect for the characteristics. To ensure the effect of CR in mixture, further test must be taken. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Mixtures

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The Effect of EPS Addition to Soil Stabilized with Fly Ash as Lightweight Fill Materials for Embankment Construction 1

The Effect of EPS Addition to Soil Stabilized with Fly Ash a...

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2018 1st Workshop on engineering, Education, applied Sciences, and Technology, WEAST 2018

作者： Syahril Somantri, Andri Krisnandi Febriansya, Aditia Civil Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia Post-Graduate Stud. of Infrastructure Engineering Study Program Applied Master Program Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia

Design and construction of road embankment presents several challenges, including the possibility of bearing capacity failure, large total settlement, differential settlement, and slope instability, which may result from the weight of the embankment construction itself, and/or weak foundation. A number of techniques have been developed and can be used to overcome these problems, one of them is by modifying the weight of the embankment itself with the use of lightweight materials, such as soil-EPS mixture. The use of soil-EPS mixture as lightweight material provides several advantages, among which can achieve the same volume or elevation requirement with a significantly lighter weight compared to ordinary materials, improving slope stability, embankment over high compressibility soil, and to reduce soil pressure to soil retaining structures, abutment or bridge pillar. Fly ash also added to act as binder to increase shear strength of mixture. The result of the compaction test shows that the addition of a small amount of EPS to the mixture can significantly reduce the maximum dry density of the mixture. Triaxial UU and UCS test results show a reduction in mixture strength as EPS contents increase, but due to the presence of fly ash increases the strength of mixture as the number of day increases, so that the use of lightweight materials has the potential to be one of soil improvement solutions. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Mixtures

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Effects of subgrade stabilized with calcite and asphalt emulsion

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第2期1098卷

作者： P J S B Tarigan S Syahril Master of Applied Civil Engineering Master Program Politeknik Negeri Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir Ds.Ciwaruga Bandung Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir Ds.Ciwaruga Bandung Indonesia

Improvement of the soft soil as a subgrade has done a lot and one of them is soil stabilization. This soil stabilization is to change the physical and mechanical properties of a soft soil by mixing certain materials. The type of the soil is expansive clay. In this experiment, the stabilization materials that chosen are calcite and asphalt emulsion. The variation of the soft soil mixture that will be stabilized is using calcite of 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, 18%, and asphalt emulsion of 8% as a fixed variable. The results of plasticity index of the stabilization soil decreased by 81%. The water content obtained from soil stabilization also decreases with values between 22% to 30%. Then, CBR testing was done with the variation time of 0, 3, 7, 14 days for unsoaked condition and 4 days for soaked condition. The CBR value of the stabilization increased 120% for unsoaked and 211% for soaked. Based on the results of this experiments, a mixture of calcite and asphalt emulsion can be used for an expansive clay soil as a subgrade of a pavement structures.

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The influence of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) as Portland Composite Cement (PCC) substitution in improving compressive strength of concrete

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第2期1098卷

作者： R Raafidiani S Sumargo R Permana Master of Applied Infrastructure Engineering Study Program Civil Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir Bandung Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Jl. Terusan Jenderal Sudirman Cimahi Indonesia

Concrete is a construction material that is extensively used to build various Infrastructures. The increasing of basic human facilities and the resulting Infrastructures in increasing needs of concrete and cement concrete as the material forming. Many problems in the concrete producing industry are not sustainable. Because of concrete production uses enormous natural resources and the main binding material in concrete is cement. Cement is the result of calcination of lime roomates in the process results in the release of carbon dioxide (CO2). To mitigate this problem and for sustainability concrete, many researches have been done to find a replacement for cement. Geopolymer concrete is an alternative to reduce part of cement. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) that consist of silica and alumina can be used as a binder to replace part of the Portland Composite Cement (PCC). In this study, concrete compressive strength tests were carried out on 48 specimens of concrete cylinder 15x30 cm. The ratio of substitution GGBFS/PCC used were 0/100, 40/60, 50/50 and 60/40. The specimens were cured at room temperature then tested at the age of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The results show that the average compressive strength of concrete at the age of 28 days that GGBFS/PCC ratio of 0/100, 40/60, 50/50 and 60/40 were 26.50, 23.01, 26.65 and 22.56 MPa, respectively. Based on the analysis, 50% substitution of GGBFS can be used to partially replace cement because has the same as normal compressive strength of concrete and can be classified as environmentally friendly or green concrete.

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Effect of addition of palm shell ash and asphalt emulsion for bearing capacity on clay soils

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第2期1098卷

作者： M Morissa S Syahril Applied Civil Engineering Master Program Politeknik Negeri Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir Ds.Ciwaruga Bandung Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir Ds.Ciwaruga Bandung Indonesia

Soil stabilization is a method to improve soil properties either by mechanical means or by adding another material to the soil with the purpose is to increase the strength or bearing capacity of the subgrade to the construction built on it. Subgrade with low bearing capacity can cause damage or collapse of construction above it. In this study, the type of stabilized soil is clay. Repairing this subgrade by adding addictive material to the clay using palm shell ash and asphalt emulsion with 8% of palm shell ash content as a dependent variable and emulsion asphalt of 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% as an independent variable. The purpose of this step is to get the optimum mixture content as a stabilizing agent. Based on testing, the optimum mixture content is 8% palm shell ash+9% emulsion asphalt. The addition of this addictive material can reduce water content by 13.23%, plastic index by 74.47%, and shrinkage by 43.75% during the 14 days curing period, and increase the bearing capacity of subgrade through CBR testing of unsoaked and soaked respectively each of 114.15% during the curing period of 14 days and 211.1% during soaking of 4 days after curing period of 14 days. Based on the result of testing, this addictive material can be used as a stabilizing material.

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Effect of palm shell ash and phosphoric acid chemical solution on subgrade material towards CBR value

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期732卷

作者： R Farhandasi S Syahril Applied Civil Engineering Master Program State Polytechnic of Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir Ds.Ciwaruga Bandung Indonesia

Soil stabilization is a process of mixing soil with particular materials to restore engineering properties of soil which is an attempt to change or fix the engineering properties of soil in fulfilling particular technical requirement. The examination result of soil as a subgrade coating conducted in this study is classified as expansive soil. Unfixed subgrade condition may cause various damages on road pavement. Thus, in this study, subgrade repairment was administered by utilizing stabilization method of a mixture palm shell ash (PSA) and phosphoric acid chemical solution. The experiment aims to decrease dependency of cement as stabilization material in regular usage, in order to save cost in economic aspect of infrastructure. This study intends to analyze the effect of palm shell ash and phosphoric acid addition towards CBR value as subgrade construction layer of road pavement. The study outcomes shows several conclusions: (1) the decreasing value of optimal water content, plastic index, and swelling; (2) the increasing value of unsoaked CBR, soaked CBR, and isolated CBR. (3) the stabilization material mixture has been achieved, therefore it can be used as subgrade repairmen on expansive soils for minimum standard of subgrade coating for road pavement.

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Experimental characteristic of PET plastic bottle waste addition on asphalt concrete wearing course compound

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期732卷

作者： H Fikri A Subagja A S D Manurung Applied Civil Engineering Master Program State Polytechnic of Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir Ds. Ciwaruga Bandung Indonesia

Optimization of bottle plastic waste with Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) type as additional material for asphalt can be performed by running a test on modified plastic bottle waste for further usage as the asphalt compound. Besides, Indonesia is placed second in the world rank for producing plastic waste into the sea so that waste domestication becomes a necessity to reduce the increasing amount of waste. Moreover, inserting plastic bottle waste is to get the durability of pavement structure in case of deformation tolerance in the traffic load. The study is oriented to the plastic bottle waste called Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). The study utilizes the wet process method as asphalt additional material. The present study is executed on the Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course compound by using 60/70 asphalt pen which is modified with PET plastic bottle waste by 0%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% levels. The study aims to investigate the Marshall parameter of asphalt concrete characteristics with various asphalt PET modifications. The result of the Marshall parameter shows that asphalt optimum level (AOL) for asphalt 0 % is about 5.9, PET asphalt of 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% is about 5.95. Based on the analysis, the optimum level of asphalt concrete compounded with 9% PET has improved stability value of 33% between the usage of optimum modified asphalt and asphalt pen by 60/70.

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Performance of petung bamboo strip with anchor screw nails on the reinforced concrete beams

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期732卷

作者： A Maulidin M Mujiman H Kasyanto Applied Civil Engineering Master Program State Polytechnic of Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir Ds. Ciwaruga Bandung Indonesia

Steel is the main material used as reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures. Naturally, the number of steels used rapidly increase every year. The increase has an effect on the availability of steel's main raw materials which is iron ore, a non-renewable natural resource. Therefore, an alternative steel replacement material is needed. Bamboo is chosen as an alternative substitute for reinforcing steel in reinforced concrete structures. In this study, petung bamboo caps anchored using screw nails was used as flexible reinforcement in reinforced concrete beams. This study aimed to analyze the behavior of load and deflection relationships in the flexural capacity of bamboo reinforced concrete beams against steel reinforced concrete beams. There were 6 beams used as specimens, consisting of 2 bamboo reinforced concrete beams with 1cm long screws, 2 bamboo reinforcing beams with 2 cm long screw nails, and 2 beams with 12 mm diameter steel reinforcement as a control beam. The results showed the flexural strength of bamboo reinforced concrete beams with 1 and cm hook length was 44.32 kN and 46.98 kN or 48.64% and 51.56 compared to steel reinforced concrete beams with flexural strength values of 91.10 kN.

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