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CLEO: Fundamental Science, CLEO:FS 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Lake, David P. Meesala, Srujan Wood, Steven Chiappina, Piero Zhong, Changchun Beyer, Andrew D. Shaw, Matthew D. Jiang, Liang Painter, Oskar Kavli Nanoscience Institute and Thomas J. Watson Sr. Laboratory of Applied Physics California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Institute for Quantum Information and Matter California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Dr PasadenaCA91109 United States Center for Quantum Computing Amazon Web Services PasadenaCA91125 United States

We generate entangled microwave and optical photonic qubits with a chip-scale piezo-optomechanical transducer. We envision such an entangled pair source as an important building block for optical networking of superco... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Who should I trust? A Visual Analytics Approach for Comparing Net Load Forecasting Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Bhattacharjee, Kaustav Kundu, Soumya Chakraborty, Indrasis Dasgupta, Aritra Department of Data Science New Jersey Institute of Technology United States Optimization and Control Group Pacific Northwest National Laboratory United States Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory United States

Net load forecasting is crucial for energy planning and facilitating informed decision-making regarding trade and load distributions. However, evaluating forecasting models' performance against benchmark models remains challenging, thereby impeding experts' trust in the model's performance. In this context, there is a demand for technological interventions that allow scientists to compare models across various timeframes and solar penetration levels. This paper introduces a visual analytics-based application designed to compare the performance of deep-learning-based net load forecasting models with other models for probabilistic net load forecasting. This application employs carefully selected visual analytic interventions, enabling users to discern differences in model performance across different solar penetration levels, dataset resolutions, and hours of the day over multiple months. We also present observations made using our application through a case study, demonstrating the effectiveness of visualizations in aiding scientists in making informed decisions and enhancing trust in net load forecasting models. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Visual analytics

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Securing IoT Smart Irrigation Systems with Adapted Blockchain Based Approach

Securing IoT Smart Irrigation Systems with Adapted Blockchai...

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Earth Observation and Geo-Spatial Information (ICEOGI), International Conference on

作者： Rabaie Benameur Bouabdellah Kechar Zahia Bidai Amine Dahane Laboratory of Industrial Computing and Networks (RIIR) Oran Algeria University of Oran 1 Oran Algeria Institute of Applied Science and Technology ISTA Oran Algeria

Blockchain (BC) technology promotes the scalability and stability of Internet of Things (IoT) applications and avoids the need for a single trusted authority. However, an IoT Smart Irrigation System (ISIS) comprises constrained devices such as microcontrollers and IoT gateways. A lightweight consensus mechanism is required to reduce computational costs in such systems. This paper presents a novel secure architecture for ISIS based on an adapted BC approach by implementing a lightweight Proof of Authority (PoA) consensus mechanism called Aura (Authority Round). The proposed mechanism is designed to overcome reported security limitations in commonly private BC. We apply our solution to the existing ISIS prototype developed in our laboratory. Experimental results show the feasibility and efficiency of BC technology in ISIS.

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Leveraging Interpolation Models and Error Bounds for Verifiable Scientific Machine Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chang, Tyler Gillette, Andrew Maulik, Romit Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory United States Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory United States Information Sciences and Technology Department The Pennsylvania State University United States

Effective verification and validation techniques for modern scientific machine learning workflows are challenging to devise. Statistical methods are abundant and easily deployed, but often rely on speculative assumptions about the data and methods involved. Error bounds for classical interpolation techniques can provide mathematically rigorous estimates of accuracy, but often are difficult or impractical to determine computationally. In this work, we present a best-of-both-worlds approach to verifiable scientific machine learning by demonstrating that (1) multiple standard interpolation techniques have informative error bounds that can be computed or estimated efficiently;(2) comparative performance among distinct interpolants can aid in validation goals;(3) deploying interpolation methods on latent spaces generated by deep learning techniques enables some interpretability for black-box models. We present a detailed case study of our approach for predicting lift-drag ratios from airfoil images. Code developed for this work is available in a public Github repository. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Interpolation

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Evaluating the Knowledge in Test Engineering Education using a Solar-powered Remote-controlled Flying Probe-Inspired In-Circuit Tester

Evaluating the Knowledge in Test Engineering Education using...

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International Symposium for Design and technology of Electronics Packages (SIITME)

作者： Sorin Liviu Jurj Raul Rotar Ioana Brîncovan Flavius Oprițoiu Mircea Vlăduțiu Computers and Information Technology Department Advanced Computing Systems and Architectures (ACSA) Laboratory “Politehnica” University of Timisoara Timisoara Romania Department of Automation and Applied Informatics Aurel Vlaicu University Arad Romania

ISBN: (数字)9798331539511

ISBN: (纸本)9798331539528

This paper presents a solar-powered remote-controlled Flying Probe-Inspired In-Circuit Tester (FPICT) designed to improve individuals’ knowledge and practical skills in the Test Engineering Education (TEE) domain. The proposed system consists of a user-friendly modern website that offers three main functions: (a) access to TEE-related documentation and tests, (b) a real-time webcam feed for remote monitoring, access, control, and execution of real-time tests on multiple Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) using the FPICT platform, and (c) performance assessment of users’ TEE knowledge improvement. The effectiveness of the FPICT in enhancing TEE knowledge is evaluated by comparing the score distribution of users before and after the initial tests. Additionally, the power consumption of the FPICT platform is measured, and the feasibility of powering the system with solar energy is investigated. Experimental results demonstrate that the remote-controlled FPICT successfully increases the TEE-related knowledge of web users by an average of $26 \%$ over an average duration of 50 minutes, highlighting its efficacy in teaching theoretical concepts of In-Circuit Testing (ICT) and developing practical skills in the Flying Probe Testing (FPT) domain.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Power measurement Webcams Printed circuits Solar energy Real-time systems Probes Engineering education Remote monitoring Testing

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Skin Cancer Detection Using Constrained Neural Networks and the Development of an Optimized Technical Infrastructure for Resource-Efficient Diagnosis

Skin Cancer Detection Using Constrained Neural Networks and ...

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E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB)

作者： Daniel-Mihai Armanda Alin-Gabriel Cococi Ioana Dogaru Radu Dogaru Doctoral School of Electronics Telecommunications and Information Technology University “Politehnica” of Bucharest Romania Dept. of Applied Electronics and Information Eng. Natural Computing Laboratory University “Politehnica” of Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (数字)9798331532147

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532154

This work addresses the challenge of detecting skin cancer from dermatological images using artificial intelligence. The focus is on exploring the potential of lightweight convolutional neural networks to develop efficient diagnostic tools that can function on portable, resource-constrained devices, ensuring accessibility for medical personnel. A comparison of several TinyML models is presented, considering both diagnostic accuracy and computational demands. Some recently introduced models (V-CNN and VRES-CNN) were evaluated against the well-established EfficientN et or ResN et and the results indicated certain advantages for the recent models. Particularly, a quantization technique applied to V-CNN and VRES-CNN was found to further reduce their complexity while maintaining a high accuracy of over 98,5% for the best model.

关键词： Accuracy Quantization (signal) Computational modeling Tiny machine learning Biological system modeling Neural networks Convolutional neural networks Personnel Medical diagnostic imaging Skin cancer

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On the -differential spectra of two classes of power functions over finite fields

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Applicable Algebra in Engineering, Communication and computing 2025年 1-30页

作者： Liu, Qian Huang, Zhiwei Chen, Zhixiong Jiang, Rong Zhang, Liupiao Key Laboratory of Information Security of Network Systems College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou China Hubei Key Laboratory of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics Hubei University Wuhan China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Service Computing Yunnan University of Finance and Economics Kunming China Fujian Key Laboratory of Financial Information Processing Putian University Putian China School of Computer Science and Technology Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan China

Recently, a new concept called multiplicative differential was introduced by Ellingsen et al. [7]. As an extension of the differential uniformity, it is theoretically appealing to determine the properties of c-differential uniformity and the corresponding c-differential spectrum. In this paper, based on certain quadratic character sums and two special elliptic curves over $$\mathbb {F}_p$$ , the $$(-1)$$ -differential spectra of the following two classes of power functions over $$\mathbb {F}_{p^n}$$ is completely determined: (1) $$f_1(x)=x^{\frac{p^n+3}{2}}$$ , where $$p>3$$ and $$p\equiv 3\pmod 4$$ ; (2) $$f_2(x)=x^{p^n-3}$$ , where $$p>3$$ . The obtained result shows that the $$(-1)$$ -differential spectra of $$f_1(x)$$ and $$f_2(x)$$ can be expressed explicitly in terms of n. Moreover, an upper bound of the c-differential uniformity of $$f_2(x)$$ is given.

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Z-scheme systems of ASi_(2)N_4(A=Mo or W)for photocatalytic water splitting and nanogenerators

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Tungsten 2022年第1期4卷 52-59页

作者： Jian Zeng Liang Xu Xin Luo Tong Chen Shuai-Hao Tang Xin Huang Ling-Ling Wang Energy Materials Computing Center School of Energy and Mechanical EngineeringJiangxi University of Science and TechnologyNanchang 330013China Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education School of Physics and ElectronicsHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Department of Applied Physics School of ScienceEast China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China

Z-scheme heterojunction catalysts have received great attention due to their efficient ability to separate electrons and ***,using the first-principles calculations,we designed a series of promising two-dimensional(2D)/2D Z-scheme systems with interlayer inequivalent,including MoSi_(2)N_(4)/MoSi_(2)N_(4),WSi_(2)N_(4)/WSi_(2)N_(4) and MoSi_(2)N_(4)/WSi_(2)N_(4).Molecular dynamics simulation and phonon dispersion show that they have sufficient environmental *** inequivalent structure between the layers caused the directional formation of built-in potentials,driving the transfer of net charge between layers,which greatly enhanced their catalytic *** smaller band gap and enhanced light absorption performance further revealed their perfect catalytic ***,all they met the redox potential requirements of water splitting in a range of pH 0-7,demonstrate they are very remarkable photocatalysts for H_(2)*** interestingly,they also have good sliding ferroelectricity,and the opposite built-in potential can be obtained by sliding between layers,which is very promising for future *** works may provide new insights into energy conversion devices.

关键词： Tungsten MoSi_(2)N_4 WSi_(2)N_4 Z-scheme systems Water splitting Nanogenerators First-principles calculations

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Preserving phase coherence and linearity in cat qubits with exponential bit-flip suppression

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Putterman, Harald Noh, Kyungjoo Patel, Rishi N. Peairs, Gregory A. MacCabe, Gregory S. Lee, Menyoung Aghaeimeibodi, Shahriar Hann, Connor T. Jarrige, Ignace Marcaud, Guillaume He, Yuan Moradinejad, Hesam Owens, John Clai Scaffidi, Thomas Arrangoiz-Arriola, Patricio Iverson, Joe Levine, Harry Brandão, Fernando G.S.L. Matheny, Matthew H. Painter, Oskar AWS Center for Quantum Computing PasadenaCA91125 United States IQIM California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Laboratory of Applied Physics California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States

Cat qubits, a type of bosonic qubit encoded in a harmonic oscillator, can exhibit an exponential noise bias against bit-flip errors with increasing mean photon number. Here, we focus on cat qubits stabilized by two-photon dissipation, where pairs of photons are added and removed from a harmonic oscillator by an auxiliary, lossy buffer mode. This process requires a large loss rate and strong nonlinearities of the buffer mode that must not degrade the coherence and linearity of the oscillator. In this work, we show how to overcome this challenge by coloring the loss environment of the buffer mode with a multi-pole filter and optimizing the circuit to take into account additional inductances in the buffer mode. Using these techniques, we achieve near-ideal enhancement of cat-qubit bit-flip times with increasing photon number, reaching over 0.1 seconds with a mean photon number of only 4. Concurrently, our cat qubit remains highly phase coherent, with phase-flip times corresponding to an effective lifetime of T1,eff 70 µs, comparable with the bare oscillator lifetime. We achieve this performance even in the presence of an ancilla transmon, used for reading out the cat qubit states, by engineering a tunable oscillator-ancilla dispersive coupling. Furthermore, the low nonlinearity of the harmonic oscillator mode allows us to perform pulsed cat-qubit stabilization, an important control primitive, where the stabilization can remain off for a significant fraction (e.g., two thirds) of a 3 µs cycle without degrading bit-flip times. These advances are important for the realization of scalable error-correction with cat qubits, where large noise bias and low phase-flip error rate enable the use of hardware-efficient outer error-correcting codes. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Harmonic analysis

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Synopframe: Multiscale Time-Dependent Visual Abstraction Framework for Analyzing DNA Nanotechnology Simulations

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Luo, Deng Kouyoumdjian, Alexandre Strnad, Ondřej Miao, Haichao Barišić, Ivan Isenberg, Tobias Viola, Ivan Saudi Arabia Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory United States Health and Bioresources Austrian Institute of Technology Austria Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Inria LISN France

We present a new open-source framework, SynopFrame, that allows DNA nanotechnology (DNA-nano) experts to analyze and understand molecular dynamics simulation trajectories of their designs. In the framework, we make use of a continuous time-plus3D-spatial abstraction space and connect the representations to a principal component analysis (PCA) plot of the structure’s temporal sequence as used traditionally in the domain. With our new way of representing DNA-nano data, we enable experts to analyze the dynamics of their structural designs and prevent failures that were previously not visible in conventional visual representations. In addition, our time-dependent abstraction representation allows the biologists, for the first time in a smooth and structurally clear way, to identify and observe transitions of a DNA-nano design from one configuration to another, and to highlight important periods of the simulation for further analysis. To realize SynopFrame we create a dashboard of the different visual representations, with a color overlay to show essential properties such as the status of hydrogen bonds, as a series of synchronized 3D spatial and 2D schematic views that are connected to the PCA plot. In addition, all spatial, schematic, and abstract views remain linked such that synchronized highlighting allows viewers to tackle the challenging clutter and occlusion problems that arise due to the large structure with its high-frequency motion. We also categorize the status of the hydrogen bonds into a new format to allow us to color-encode it and overlay it on the representations. To demonstrate the utility of SynopFrame, we describe example usage scenarios and report user feedback. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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