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Synergizing vision transformer with ensemble of deep learning model for accurate kidney stone detection using CT imaging

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Alexandria Engineering Journal 2025年 127卷 357-373页

作者： Alzughaibi, Arwa Alanazi, Adwan A. Alshahrani, Mohammed Hilali Jaghdam, Ines Hassaballa, Abaker A. Applied college Taibah University Madinah Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Information College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Hail Hail Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences Applied College Najran University Najran66462 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Applied College Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Center for Scientific Research and Entrepreneurship Northern Border University Arar73213 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Northern Border University Arar73213 Saudi Arabia

The disease of Kidney stones is a risky disease for individuals all over the world. Many people with kidney stones in the early phase do not detect it as an illness, and it harms the organ gradually. Precise analysis of kidney illness is vital, as it is a major health concern that needs accurate detection for appropriate and effective treatment. CT scans are one of the most extensively accessible imaging models, and they are employed for effective diagnosis. Deep learning (DL) techniques are gradually identified as beneficial tools for analyzing illness in the medical field. However, present techniques employing deep networks often meet low accuracy and overfitting challenges, demanding further alteration for optimum performance. This study presents a Leveraging Flying Foxes Optimization with an Ensemble of Deep Learning for Accurate Kidney Stone Detection (LFFOEDL-AKSD) technique in CT scans. The presented LFFOEDL-AKSD technique mainly focuses on detecting kidney stones using CI imaging. At first, the presented LFFOEDL-AKSD technique applies the pre-processing phase, which involves image resizing for uniform CT scan dimensions and data augmentation through transformations like rotation and flipping to reduce overfitting, sobel filtering (SF) sharpens edges, and the data is separated into training, validation, and testing sets for model development. The presented LFFOEDL-AKSD technique employs the swin transformer (ST) model for the feature extraction method. Furthermore, the majority voting ensemble of three DL approaches, such as the graph convolutional network (GCN), temporal convolutional network (TCN), and three-dimensional convolutional autoencoder (3D-CAE) approaches, are employed to increase the precision and reliability of the kidney stone recognition. Finally, the presented LFFOEDL-AKSD technique implements the flying foxes optimization (FFO) approach for the hyperparameter tuning involved in the ensemble learning models. An extensive experiment is conduct

关键词： Flying foxes optimization Ensemble deep learning Kidney stone detection CI imaging Swin transformer

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Investigating the Impact of Language-Adaptive Fine-Tuning on Sentiment Analysis in Hausa Language Using AfriBERTa 1

Investigating the Impact of Language-Adaptive Fine-Tuning on...

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1st Workshop on Language Models for Low-Resource Languages, LoResLM 2025 - co-located at the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Sani, Sani Abdullahi Muhammad, Shamsuddeen Hassan Jarvis, Devon School of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa Department of Computing Imperial College London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798891762152

Sentiment analysis (SA) plays a vital role in Natural Language Processing (NLP) by identifying sentiments expressed in text. Although significant advances have been made in SA for widely spoken languages, low-resource languages such as Hausa face unique challenges, primarily due to a lack of digital resources. This study investigates the effectiveness of Language-Adaptive Fine-Tuning (LAFT) to improve SA performance in Hausa. We first curate a diverse, unlabeled corpus to expand the model’s linguistic capabilities, followed by applying LAFT to adapt AfriBERTa specifically to the nuances of the Hausa language. The adapted model is then fine-tuned on the labeled NaijaSenti sentiment dataset to evaluate its performance. Our findings demonstrate that LAFT gives modest improvements, which may be attributed to the use of formal Hausa text rather than informal social media data. Nevertheless, the pre-trained AfriBERTa model significantly outperformed models not specifically trained on Hausa, highlighting the importance of using pre-trained models in low-resource contexts. This research emphasizes the necessity for diverse data sources to advance NLP applications for low-resource African languages. We will publish the code and the data set to encourage further research and facilitate reproducibility in low-resource NLP. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Degree reduction of ball Said-Ball surfaces using an enhanced coot optimization algorithm

Degree reduction of ball Said-Ball surfaces using an enhance...

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作者： Hu, Gang Dou, Wanting Du, Bo Department of Applied Mathematics Xi'an University of Technology Xi'an China School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Technology Xi'an China

Degree reduction of ball Said-Ball (BSB) surface is a complex and unsolved problem in computer-aided design (CAD) and computer graphics (CG), which has potential application prospects in many engineering fields of geometric modeling. In this paper, the degree reduction of BSB surface is transformed into the optimization problems of center surface and radius function, and the improved coot optimization algorithm is used to solve it. An effective method to solve the degree reduction of BSB surface by intelligent optimization algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the degree reduction of BSB surface is decomposed into center surface reduction and radius function reduction, and the objective function and constraint conditions are determined according to the optimization idea, then the degree reduction optimization model of center surface and radius function is established. Secondly, an enhanced coot (ECOOT for short) algorithm is proposed, which combines chain strategy, dispersed foraging strategy, and quadratic interpolation strategy. Compared with the original algorithm, ECOOT algorithm has better convergence performance and higher calculation accuracy. Finally, the proposed ECOOT algorithm is used to solve the degree reduction optimization model, and the optimal center surface and minimum distance radius function of the BSB surface after degree reduction are obtained. The experimental results show that the ECOOT algorithm can effectively solve the problem of degree reduction for BSB surface, the degree reduction error is reduced by about 20% compared to the original COOT algorithm, and is superior to other intelligent optimization algorithms in accuracy, robustness, and convergence. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Optimization

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Enhancing Urban Air Quality with Smart Vehicle Exhaust Management

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Operations Research Forum 2025年第2期6卷 1-24页

作者： Tyagi, Vaishali Dubey, Roshan Singh, Suraj Ram, Mangey Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities ABES Institute of Technology Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad India Department of Computer Science & Engineering ABES Institute of Technology Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad India Department of Mathematics Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be University Uttarakhand Dehradun India

Air pollution is the contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical, or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Burning gasoline and diesel fuel creates harmful byproducts like nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, benzene, and formaldehyde. This study proposes a sensor-based model to control vehicular pollution by monitoring emission levels and preventing vehicles from operating if their pollution exceeds government standards. The proposed model consists of a smoke sensor, particulate sensors, carbon monoxide sensors, along with Arduino based microcontroller, data logger, LCD display, and GPRS modem. Using the block diagram, a mathematical model has been developed and some differential equations by using Markov process have been generated. This Markov-based model gives the information about the failure causes and working of the proposed system. Some reliability matrices like availability, mean time between failure (MTBF), and sensitivity analysis have been evaluated with the help of Laplace transform and illustrated with the help of graphs. Also, the failure cases of the system and its cost analysis have been done along with all the numerical calculations required for the successful operation of the model. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Air pollution Cost analysis Failure cases Markov process Reliability Sensor system

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Enhanced Emotion Recognition Using a Hybrid Autoencoder-LSTM Model Optimized with a Hybrid ACO-WOA Algorithm for Hyperparameter Tuning

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International Journal of Advanced computer science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 861-876页

作者： Waiker, Vinod Ramesh, Janjhyam Venkata Naga Bala, Ms Kiran Krishnaiah, V.V. Jaya Rama Jackulin, T. Muniyandy, Elangovan Shahin, Osama R. Datta Meghe Institute of Management Studies Maharashtra Nagpur India Department of CSE Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun248002 India Department of CSE Graphic Era Deemed To Be University Uttarakhand Dehradun248002 India Department of Computer Science College of Engineering and Computer Science Jazan University Jazan Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram India Department of CSE Panimalar Engineering College Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Biosciences-Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai602 105 India Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Saudi Arabia Physics and Mathematics Department Faculty of Engineering Helwan University Helwan Egypt

Emotion recognition is vital in the human computer interaction because it improves interaction. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved method for emotion recognition regarding the Hybrid Autoencoder-Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model and the newly developed hybrid approach of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) for hyperparameters tuning. In this case, Autoencoder can reduce input data dimensionality for input data and find the features relevant for the model’s work. In addition, LSTM is able to work with temporal structures of sequential inputs like speech and videos. The contribution of this research lies in the novel combination method of ACO-WOA which aims at tweaking hyperparameters of Autoencoder-LSTM model. Global aspect of ACO and WOA thereby improve the search efficiency and the accuracy of the proposed emotion recognition system and its generalization capacity. In context with the benchmark dataset for the experimentations of emotion recognition, it has established the efficiency of the proposed model in terms of the conventional methods. Recall rates in recognitive intended various emotions and different modalities were also higher in the hybrid Autoencoder-LSTM model. The optimization algorithms like the ACO-WOA also supported in reducing the computational cost which arose due to hyperparameters tuning. The implementation of this paper is done through Python Software. This implementation shows a high accuracy of 94.12% and 95.94% for audio datasets and image datasets respectively when compared with other deep learning models of Conv LSTM and VGG16. Therefore, the research shows that the presented hybrid approach can be a useful solution for successfully employing emotion recognition for enhancing the creation of the empathetic AI systems and for improving user interactions within various fields including healthcare, entertainment, and customer support. © (2025), (science and Information Organization). All rights

关键词： Ant colony optimization

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Experimental Evaluation of Road-Crossing Decisions by Autonomous Wheelchairs Against Environmental Factors 8th

Experimental Evaluation of Road-Crossing Decisions by Auto...

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8th International Conference on Intelligent Transport Systems, INTSYS 2024

作者： Corradini, Franca Grigioni, Carlo Antonucci, Alessandro Guzzi, Jérôme Flammini, Francesco University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland IDSIA Lugano Switzerland University of Florence Department of Mathematics and Computer Science "Ulisse Dini" Florence Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031863691

Safe road crossing by autonomous wheelchairs can be affected by several environmental factors such as adverse weather conditions influencing the accuracy of sensors based on artificial vision. Previous studies have addressed experimental evaluation of multi-sensor information fusion to support road-crossing decisions in autonomous wheelchairs. In this study, we focus on the experimental evaluation of its tracking performance against outdoor environmental factors such as fog, rain, darkness, etc. It is rather intuitive that those factors can negatively affect the tracking performance;therefore our aim is to quantify through a set of metrics how the performance of the single sensors and their information fusion changes when such external factors are present. This is a first step in designing warning strategies in a novel framework based on the MAPE-k feedback loop established for the sensor system. System reconfiguration to reduce the reputation of less accurate sensors can then be set, thus improving overall safety. The problem is analysed within the context of the European project REXASI-PRO which aims to design a trustworthy autonomous wheelchairs supported by drones in which security, safety, ethics, and explainability are entangled to improve autonomy for people with reduced mobility. Results have been achieved by using an available laboratory dataset realised for a simplified framework in a road-crossing scenario and by applying appropriate software filters to simulate different environmental conditions. © ICST Institute for computer sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2025.

关键词： Data fusion

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MOCBOA:Multi-Objective Chef-Based Optimization Algorithm Using Hybrid Dominance Relations for Solving Engineering Design Problems

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computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第4期143卷 967-1008页

作者： Nour Elhouda Chalabi Abdelouahab Attia Abdulaziz S.Almazyad Ali Wagdy Mohamed Frank Werner Pradeep Jangir Mohammad Shokouhifar Computer Science Department University of M’silaIchebiliaM’sila28000Algeria Computer ScienceDepartment Mohamed El Bachir El IbrahimiUniversity of Bordj BouArreridjBordj BouArreridj34000Algeria Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11931Jordan Faculty of Mathematics Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg39016Germany University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran14399Iran DTU AI and Data Science Hub(DAIDASH) Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam

Multi-objective optimization is critical for problem-solving in engineering,economics,and *** study introduces the Multi-Objective Chef-Based Optimization Algorithm(MOCBOA),an upgraded version of the Chef-Based Optimization Algorithm(CBOA)that addresses distinct *** approach is unique in systematically examining four dominance relations—Pareto,Epsilon,Cone-epsilon,and Strengthened dominance—to evaluate their influence on sustaining solution variety and driving convergence toward the Pareto *** comparison investigation,which was conducted on fifty test problems from the CEC 2021 benchmark and applied to areas such as chemical engineering,mechanical design,and power systems,reveals that the dominance approach used has a considerable impact on the key optimization measures such as the hypervolume *** paper provides a solid foundation for determining themost effective dominance approach and significant insights for both theoretical research and practical applications in multi-objective optimization.

关键词： Multi-objective optimization chef-based optimization algorithm(CBOA) pareto dominance epsilon dominance cone-epsilon dominance strengthened dominance

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Rule-Based Dialect of Tulang Bawang Stemmer

Rule-Based Dialect of Tulang Bawang Stemmer

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2025 International Conference on Advancement in Data science, E-learning and Information System, ICADEIS 2025

作者： Abidin, Zaenal Junaidi, Akmal Wamiliana Lumbanraja, Favorisen Rosyking Kurniasari, Dian Borman, Rohmat Indra Doctoral Program of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Lampung Bandar Lampung Indonesia Universitas Lampung Department of Computer Science Bandar Lampung Indonesia Universitas Lampung Department of Mathematics Bandar Lampung Indonesia Universitas Teknokrat Indonesia Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Bandar Lampung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513320

Stemming, an essential procedure in natural language processing (NLP), diminishes words to their base forms, facilitating tasks such as information retrieval and sentiment analysis. Although stemming techniques for highresource languages are well-developed, numerous low-resource languages, including dialect of Tulang Bawang, suffer from inadequate solutions owing to a scarcity of linguistic data and resources. Existing systems, including rule-based stemmers, have demonstrated efficacy in processing low-resource languages such as Indonesian and Javanese by utilizing established morphological rules. Nonetheless, these methods encounter considerable obstacles, such as restricted adaptability, inability to accommodate unusual root structures, and excessive dependence on fixed rules that might result in over- or understemming. Rule-based methodologies frequently misidentify roots when faced with intricate affixes or unconventional word forms. We introduce an improved rule-based Tulang Bawang Stemmer aimed at overcoming these constraints by enhancing current linguistic rules and integrating new patterns specific to the language's morphology. Assessed on 500 test samples and 200 independent test samples, our improved stemmer attained gold standard evaluation metrics of 96.2% and 94%, respectively, surpassing prior implementations in both precision and generalization. The findings demonstrate the potential of enhanced rule-based techniques to improving NLP for lowresource languages. Improved stemming performance enables better downstream applications, promotes more efficient text analysis, and advances research in underrepresented languages. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Linguistics

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Online Menu-Based Scheduling of Electric Vehicle Charging

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IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 2025年第3期16卷 2478-2491页

作者： Mathioudaki, Angeliki Tsaousoglou, Georgios Varvarigos, Emmanouel Fotakis, Dimitris National Technical University of Athens School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Zografou15772 Greece Technical University of Denmark Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Section for Dynamical Systems Kongens Lyngby2800 Denmark Archimedes Research Unit Athena Research Center Marousi15125 Greece

This paper addresses the problem of efficiently scheduling of EV charging requests in a single Charging Station (CS), also taking into consideration the inability of EV users to express their preferences in closed-form utility functions. We consider a paradigm where a menu of possible charging intervals, each associated with an urgency price, is generated online. By letting the EV users pick their most preferable menu option, the proposed algorithm commits on each EV’s charging completion time upon its arrival, achieves a near optimal total weighted charging completion time, and prevents the users from strategically misreporting their preferences, while offering a practical and implementable solution to the problem of EVs - charging station interaction. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that our algorithmic approach performs nearly optimal in a variety of practically relevant scenarios. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Charging stations

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Epileptic seizure detection in EEG signals via an enhanced hybrid CNN with an integrated attention mechanism

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Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 2025年第1期22卷 73-105页

作者： Mekruksavanich, Sakorn Phaphan, Wikanda Jitpattanakul, Anuchit Department of Computer Engineering School of Information and Communication Technology University of Phayao Phayao56000 Thailand Department of Applied Statistics Faculty of Applied Science King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok10800 Thailand Department of Mathematics Faculty of Applied Science King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok10800 Thailand Intelligent and Nonlinear Dynamic Innovations Research Center Science and Technology Research Institute King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok10800 Thailand

Epileptic seizures, a prevalent neurological condition, necessitate precise and prompt identification for optimal care. Nevertheless, the intricate characteristics of electroencephalography (EEG) signals, noise, and the want for real-time analysis require enhancement in the creation of dependable detection approaches. Despite advances in machine learning and deep learning, capturing the intricate spatial and temporal patterns in EEG data remains challenging. This study introduced a novel deep learning framework combining a convolutional neural network (CNN), bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU), and convolutional block attention module (CBAM). The CNN extracts spatial features, the BiGRU captures long-term temporal dependencies, and the CBAM emphasizes critical spatial and temporal regions, creating a hybrid architecture optimized for EEG pattern recognition. Evaluation of a public EEG dataset revealed superior performance compared to existing methods. The model achieved 99.00% accuracy in binary classification, 96.20% in three-class tasks, 92.00% in four-class scenarios, and 89.00% in five-class classification. High sensitivity (89.00–99.00%) and specificity (89.63–99.00%) across all tasks highlighted the model’s robust ability to identify diverse EEG patterns. This approach supports healthcare professionals in diagnosing epileptic seizures accurately and promptly, improving patient outcomes and quality of life. © 2025 American Institute of Mathematical sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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