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arXiv 2025年

作者： Holme, Lauritz Christian Storgaard, Anton Mosquera Bigdeli, Siavash Arjomand Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby Denmark

The rise of generative image models leads to privacy concerns when it comes to the huge datasets used to train such models. This paper investigates the possibility of inferring if a set of face images was used for fine-tuning a Latent Diffusion Model (LDM). A Membership Inference Attack (MIA) method is presented for this task. Using generated auxiliary data for the training of the attack model leads to significantly better performance, and so does the use of watermarks. The guidance scale used for inference was found to have a significant influence. If a LDM is fine-tuned for long enough, the text prompt used for inference has no significant influence. The proposed MIA is found to be viable in a realistic black-box setup against LDMs fine-tuned on face-images. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

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Education 4.0: Considering the Development of Teachers’ Psychological Dispositions Towards the Use of ICT with Kindergarten Children 14th

Education 4.0: Considering the Development of Teachers’ P...

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14th International Conference on Methodologies and Intelligent Systems for Technology Enhanced Learning, mis4TEL 2024

作者： Peretti, Sara Caruso, Federica Pino, Maria Chiara Di Mascio, Tania Centre of Excellence DEWS University of L’Aquila L’Aquila Italy Department of Information Engineering Computer Science and Mathematics University of L’Aquila L’Aquila Italy Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences L’Aquila Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031855603

Since 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced teachers to rapidly adopt Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools for distance learning, transforming education into an all-digital environment. This shift posed significant challenges, especially for kindergarten teachers accustomed to traditional, face-to-face methods. These changes will have long-term impacts on education, influencing teachers’ attitudes and beliefs, which take time to stabilize and evaluate. The present paper addresses this by posing the question: In 2024, four years after the COVID-19 pandemic, what attitudes have kindergarten teachers developed towards ICT integration in the classroom? For this purpose, the standardized "Intrapersonal Technology Integration Scale" was chosen to assess the beliefs of Italian kindergarten teachers. The study includes 49 kindergarten teachers, all women. Data analysis showed that they have a strong interest in using ICT, indicating a need for ongoing support and training initiatives. However, teachers did not report feeling self-efficacy in using ICT with children in the classroom. This finding is crucial as it can influence their expectations and motivation towards integrating these technologies into daily teaching activities. In conclusion, this study highlights the critical importance of teachers’ attitudes in shaping future learning environments within the Education 4.0 era and provides suggestions to maximize ICT integration starting from early education to better meet the needs of future citizens. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Teaching

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Pose Estimation of Spacecraft Using Dual Transformers and Efficient Bayesian Hyperparameter Optimization

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International Journal of Advanced computer science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 629-644页

作者： Raja, N. Kannaiya Ramesh, Janjhyam Venkata Naga El-Ebiary, Yousef A. Baker Muniyandy, Elangovan Reddy, N. Konda Kumar, Vanipenta Ravi Devarasetty, Prasad School of Computing Science and Engineering VIT Bhopal University Madhya Pradesh Bhopal466114 India Department of CSE Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun248002 India Department of CSE Graphic Era Deemed To Be University Uttarakhand Dehradun248002 India Faculty of Informatics and Computing UniSZA University Malaysia Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai602 105 India Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan Department of Engineering Mathematics K L University Greenfields Guntur Dist Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram522302 India Department of Mathematics Annamacharya University New Boyanapalli Rajampet India Department of Computer Science and Engineering DVR & Dr HS MIC College of Technology Andhra Pradesh Kanchikacherla India

Spacecraft pose estimation is an essential contribution to facilitating central space mission activities like autonomous navigation, rendezvous, docking, and on-orbit servicing. Nonetheless, methods like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), and Particle Filtering suffer significant drawbacks when implemented in space. Such techniques tend to have high computational complexity, low domain generalization capacity for varied or unknown conditions (domain generalization problem), and accuracy loss with noise from the space environment causes such as fluctuating lighting, sensor limitations, and background interference. In order to overcome these challenges, this study suggests a new solution through the combination of a Dual-Channel Transformer Network with Bayesian Optimization methods. The innovation is at the center with the utilization of EfficientNet, augmented with squeeze-and-excitation attention modules, to extract feature-rich representations without sacrificing computational efficiency. The dual-channel architecture dissects satellite pose estimation into two dedicated streams—translational data prediction and orientation estimation via quaternion-based activation functions for rotational precision. Activation maps are transformed into transformer-compatible sequences via 1×1 convolutions, allowing successful learning in the transformer's encoder-decoder system. To maximize model performance, Bayesian Optimization with Gaussian Process Regression and the Upper Confidence Bound (UCB) acquisition function makes the optimal hyperparameter selection with fewer queries, conserving time and resources. This entire framework, used here in Python and verified with the SLAB Satellite Pose Estimation Challenge dataset, had an outstanding Mean IOU of 0.9610, reflecting higher accuracy compared to standard models. In total, this research sets a new standard for spacecraft pose estimation, by marrying the versatility of deep le

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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AI-Powered Healthcare with Advanced Graph Convolutional Neural Networks and SVM for Diagnosis 3

AI-Powered Healthcare with Advanced Graph Convolutional Neur...

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3rd International Conference on Integrated Circuits and Communication Systems, ICICACS 2025

作者： Mahendran, A. Nalla, Sridhar Babu Trivedi, Lalit Mohan Mohankumar, S. Williams, D.R. Mohan Renuka, Manne Sona College of Arts and Science Department of Computer Science Salem India Sr University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hyderabad India Moradabad Institute of Technology Department of Ash Mathematics Moradabad India Erode Sengunthar Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering Perundurai India College of Computing and Information Sciences University of Technology and Applied Science-Sohar Department of Information Technology Sohar Oman Vidya Jyothi Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508456

Medical treatment costs are rising for many reasons. These include an increasing world population, an aging population, greater healthcare needs, more diseases, and inflation. With AI's emergence in navigation, voice recognition, image lesion segmentation, ride-sharing, and smartphone personal assistants, the healthcare industry has quickly adopted it. Initial preprocessing includes standardization, missing values, and discarding anomalies. Next, the model is trained using the obtained features. Spearman correlation, a rank-based nonparametric statistic, can quantify monotonic correlation strength and direction. Even with missing values, the Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) performs well in model training. The suggested model outperformed state-of-the-art alternatives with 93.48% accuracy. It outperformed TransLSTM and GraphSAGE on complex datasets. This research stresses the system's ability to improve healthcare forecast accuracy through preprocessing, feature extraction, and GCN model training. Results show that AI can improve healthcare analytics despite lacking data. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Patient treatment

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Enhancing the Swanepoel method: precise envelope detection of thin-film transmission spectra

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Optics Express 2025年第6期33卷 13376-13400页

作者： Ballester, Manuel Marquez, Almudena P. Lopez-Tapia, Santiago Fernandez, Susana Bass, John Minkov, Dorian Wuersch, Christoph Willomitzer, Florian Marquez, Emilio Katsaggelos, Aggelos K. Computer Science Department Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science University of Cadiz Puerto Real11510 Spain Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States CIEMAT Avenida Complutense 40 Madrid28040 Spain Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Sofia1000 Bulgaria Institute for Computational Engineering ICE OST Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences Switzerland Department of Condensed-matter Physics Faculty of Science University of Cadiz Puerto Real11510 Spain

The Swanepoel method is a widely used optical technique for characterizing thin films through normal-incidence transmission measurements. A critical step in this approach involves extracting the upper and lower envelopes of the measured oscillatory spectrum. By analyzing the transmission spectrum and its corresponding envelopes, the Swanepoel procedure enables precise determination of the film refractive index and extinction coefficient. However, even minor inaccuracies in envelope construction can propagate significant errors into the final characterization results. To address this challenge, we present what we believe to be a novel physics-informed optimization algorithm for envelope detection. Our mathematical model reformulates the envelope detection problem as a global optimization task that enforces the physical properties of the Swanepoel envelopes. Extensive validation on fifty randomly generated transmission spectra demonstrates unprecedented accuracy: the method achieves root-mean-square errors (RMSE) below 0.10% for the upper envelope and 0.06% for the lower envelope (more than doubling the accuracy of current state-of-the-art approaches). Furthermore, the proposed model has been assessed with two experimental transmission spectra, demonstrating its robustness and accuracy with real noisy data. We have developed an open-source Python software package (see text below). This software includes not only our innovative envelope construction algorithm but also additional envelope drawing algorithms for comparison and an efficient implementation of the Swanepoel method, enabling complete optical characterization of thin films. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Mean square error

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Tandem Retrial Queueing System with Markovian Arrival Process and Common Orbit 27th

Tandem Retrial Queueing System with Markovian Arrival Proce...

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27th International Conference on Distributed computer and Communication Networks, DCCN 2024

作者： Klimenok, V.I. Vishnevsky, Vladimir Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Belarusian State University Minsk220030 Belarus V. A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences 65 Profsoyuznaya Street Moscow117997 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031808524

In the current paper, a retrial tandem queueing system consisting of two stations in series is investigated. Each station is represented by a single server and a limited size buffer. Customers arrive at the first station according to a Markovian Arrival Process (MAP). The service time at the first and the second server has a Phase type (PH) distribution. The novelty of the model under consideration is the presence of a common orbit for blocked customers both at the first and second stations. Unlike other few studies of retrial tandem systems with a common orbit, our model is more general and we obtain analytical results using matrix-analytic technique. We derive the sufficient conditions for existence and absence of the stationary regime in the system, calculate the steady-state distribution of the number of customers in the orbit and at the stations and derive formulas for the most significant performance measures. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Queueing networks

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Wildcat: Educational RISC-V Microprocessors

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Schoeberl, Martin Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark Kgs. Lyngby Denmark

In computer architecture courses, we usually teach RISC processors using a five-stage pipeline, neglecting alternative organizations. This design choice, rooted in the 1980s technology, may not be optimal today, and it is certainly not the easiest pipeline for education. This paper examines more straightforward pipeline organizations for RISC processors that are suitable for educational purposes and for implementing embedded processors in FPGAs and ASICs. We analyze resource costs and maximum clock frequency of various designs implemented in an FPGA, using clock frequency as a performance proxy. Additionally, we validate these results with ASIC designs synthesized using the open-source SkyWater130 process. Contradictory to common wisdom, a longer pipeline (up to 5 stages) does not necessarily always increase the maximum clock frequency. In two FPGA and one ASIC implementation, we discovered that a four- or five-stage pipeline leads to a slower clock frequency than a three-stage implementation. The reason is that the width of the forwarding multiplexer in the execution stage increases with longer pipelines, which is on the critical path. We also argue that a 3-stage pipeline organization is more adequate for teaching a pipeline organization of a microprocessor. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Teaching

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A Novel Interpretation of the Radon Transform’s Ray- and Pixel-Driven Discretizations under Balanced Resolutions

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Huber, Richard Technical University of Denmark Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Kgs Lyngby2800 Denmark

Tomographic investigations are a central tool in medical applications, allowing doctors to image the interior of patients. The corresponding measurement process is commonly modeled by the Radon transform. In practice, the solution of the tomographic problem requires discretization of the Radon transform and its adjoint (called the backprojection). There are various discretization schemes;often structured around three discretization parameters: spatial-, detector-, and angular resolutions. The most widespread approach uses the ray-driven Radon transform and the pixel-driven backprojection in a balanced resolution setting, i.e., the spatial resolution roughly equals the detector resolution. The use of these particular discretization approaches is based on anecdotal reports of their approximation performance, but there is little rigorous analysis of these methods’ approximation errors. This paper presents a novel interpretation of ray-driven and pixel-driven methods as convolutional discretizations, illustrating that from an abstract perspective these methods are similar. Moreover, we announce statements concerning the convergence of the ray-driven Radon transform and the pixel-driven backprojection under balanced resolutions. Our considerations are supported by numerical experiments highlighting aspects of the discussed *** Codes 44A12, 65R10, 94A08 © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： computerized tomography

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The Semiconfined Harmonic Oscillator with a Position-Dependent Effective Mass: Exact Solution, Dynamical Symmetry Algebra and Quasiprobability Distribution Functions

The Semiconfined Harmonic Oscillator with a Position-Depen...

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International Workshop on Lie Theory and Its Applications in Physics, LT 2023

作者： Jafarov, E.I. Nagiyev, S.M. Van der Jeugt, J. Institute of Physics Ministry of Science and Education Javid av. 131 BakuAZ1143 Azerbaijan Department of Applied Mathematics Computer Science and Statistics Faculty of Sciences Ghent University Krijgslaan 281-S9 Gent9000 Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9789819764525

We present some details of the new model of the quantum harmonic oscillator that is semiconfined due to a specific change of its mass by position. We succeeded in solving exactly the Schrödinger equation corresponding to this model. Moreover, we found its dynamical symmetry algebra and could compute analytically its Kirkwood, Husimi and Wigner joint quasiprobability functions. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Schrodinger equation

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SPACE-TIME PARALLEL ITERATIVE SOLVERS FOR THE INTEGRATION OF PARABOLIC PROBLEMS

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Arrarás, Andrés Gaspar, Francisco J. Jimenez-Ciga, Iñigo Portero, Laura Department of Statistics Computer Science and Mathematics Public University of Navarre Pamplona Spain Department of Applied Mathematics University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain

In view of the existing limitations of sequential computing, parallelization has emerged as an alternative in order to improve the speedup of numerical simulations. In the framework of evolutionary problems, space-time parallel methods offer the possibility to optimize parallelization. In the present paper, we propose a new family of these methods, built as a combination of the well-known parareal algorithm and suitable splitting techniques which permit us to parallelize in space. In particular, dimensional and domain decomposition splittings are considered for partitioning the elliptic operator, and first-order splitting time integrators are chosen as the propagators of the parareal algorithm to solve the resulting split problem. The major contribution of these methods is that, not only does the fine propagator perform in parallel, but also the coarse propagator. Unlike the classical version of the parareal algorithm, where all processors remain idle during the coarse propagator computations, the newly proposed schemes utilize the computational cores for both integrators. A convergence analysis of the methods is provided, and several numerical experiments are performed to test the solvers under *** Codes 65M12, 65M55, 65Y05, 65Y20 Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iterative methods

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