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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks

作者： Ralf Warmuth Ralf Salomon University of Rostock Faculty of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914821

Cochlear implants require a first calibration, which is usually done during surgery. This calibration is normally based on the inspection of the stapedius reflex, which is the contraction of a very tiny muscle in the inner ear. Even though being state-of-the-art, this visual inspection is limited and error prone due to various reasons. This paper proposes a small embedded system that automatically processes the action potentials of the stapedius muscle. Among other things, this process also signals the appearance of the stapedius reflex. Since particular emphasis is to keep computational demands as low as possible, the developed system may be integrated into future version of the implant's speech processor.

关键词： Muscles Electrodes Hair Electromyography Cochlear implants Speech Speech processing

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HaRTKad: A hard real-time Kademlia approach

HaRTKad: A hard real-time Kademlia approach

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Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC IEEE

作者： Jan Skodzik Peter Danielis Vlado Altmann Dirk Timmermann University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany

The Internet of Things is becoming more and more relevant in industrial environments. As the industry itself has different requirements like (hard) real-time behavior for many scenarios, different solutions are needed to fulfill future challenges. Common Industrial Ethernet solution often leak scalability, flexibility, and robustness. Most realizations also require special hardware to guarantee a hard real-time behavior. Therefore, an approach is presented to realize a hard realtime network for automation scenarios using Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technology. Kad as implementation variant of the structured decentralized P2P protocol Kademlia has been chosen as base for the realization. As Kad is not suitable for hard real-time applications per se, changes of the protocol are necessary. Thus, Kad is extended by a TDMA-based mechanism. Additionally, to evaluate the performance an prototype is presented, which is realized on an embedded platform with a real-time operating system. Thereby, with the presented approach and a realized prototype it is possible to investigate the performance of a Kad network with hard real-time capabilities.

关键词： Real-time systems Peer-to-peer computing Instruction sets Hardware Protocols Media Prototypes

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A DHT-Based Scalable Approach for Device and Service Discovery

A DHT-Based Scalable Approach for Device and Service Discove...

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IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing, EUC

作者： Vlado Altmann Jan Skodzik Peter Danielis Johannes Mueller Frank Golatowski Dirk Timmermann University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany

Web service technology becomes popular in a growing number of applications. The field of application reaches from smart home over factory automation up to smart cities. One of the main aspects of this technology is a dynamic device and service discovery. For this purpose, the WS-Discovery standard is used. WS-Discovery supports two modes: an infrastructure-based and an ad hoc mode. The infrastructure-based mode requires a service proxy, which represents a single point of failure. The ad hoc mode is based on the multicast and static response time values. Therefore, it shows a low scalability. In this work, we present a novel discovery approach, which bases on distributed hash tables (DHTs). DHTs are often utilized in peer-to-peer networks and represent a well-established technology. The search for devices and services is performed using hash values. The benefit of this approach is a high scalability, deterministic behavior, and flow control. The suggested approach can be applied for networks of any size. Since this approach uses unicast messages, it is not limited to local networks allowing the device and service discovery over multiple subnets or even over the Internet.

关键词： Peer-to-peer computing Routing Standards Scalability Unicast Ad hoc networks Web services

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Real-time capable hardware-based parser for efficient XML interchange

Real-time capable hardware-based parser for efficient XML in...

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International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing, CNSDSP

作者： Vlado Altmann Jan Skodzik Peter Danielis Nam Pham Van Frank Golatowski Dirk Timmermann University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany

The use of Extensible Markup Language (XML) for data interchange became standard in most computer systems. The benefits of XML documents are their easy handling, dynamic adjustment to nearly all needs, availability of parsers for any programming language, and the human readability. Despite many advantages of XML, it is still primarily applied in software-based systems. The serious drawback of XML is the size of the document and the text-based parsing. Further, the dissemination of the Web service technology in automation demands very fast data processing especially in real-time scenarios. This implies the compactness of the data representation and fast parsing possibility. In such cases, hardware-based solutions are often used to speed up the process. Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) was developed to leverage the deployment of XML in deeply embedded systems. EXI provides very high XML compression rates without additional processing load. However, EXI parsing was only tested in software-based systems. As very fast processing speed is targeted in this work for, e.g., real-time systems, which software-based parsers most probably cannot achieve, we provide an investigation and the prototype implementation of the EXI parser in hardware and compare it to software-based solutions.

关键词： XML Hardware Registers Arrays Web services Field programmable gate arrays

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An optimized WS-eventing for large-scale networks

An optimized WS-eventing for large-scale networks

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Jan Skodzik Vlado Altmann Peter Danielis Moritz Koal Dirk Timmermann University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany

Web Services are becoming more and more relevant also in the domain of embedded devices as they are becoming an important aspect of the Internet of Things. Embedded devices, especially in the field of automation, require real-time behavior. The Devices Profile for Web Services defines WS-Standards for embedded systems. The WS-Eventing is one of this standards within DPWS and enables the distributions of events. However, WS-Eventing has a scalability problem as in ad-hoc networks the notification is transmitted sequential by an event source. Under these circumstances, it is not suitable for large-scale networks with a high amount of devices. Therefore, a new approach is presented to solve this issue by acquiring helping devices. The communication is only based on unicast IP communication and thus is easy to integrate into automation infrastructures and could be established over several subnets. This approach has been investigated with an experimental setup and shows the high scalability compared to the original notification mechanism. Additionally, the real-time capability is given due to the chosen platform and real-time operating system. Thus, the new approach enables the idea of Internet of Things in automation scenarios.

关键词： Real-time systems Subscriptions Scalability Reliability Automation Standards Prototypes

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Salted hashes for message authentication - proof of concept on tiny embedded systems

Salted hashes for message authentication - proof of concept ...

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IEEE Symposium on Intelligent Embedded Systems (IES)

作者： René Romann Ralf Salomon University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479944842

Intelligent embedded systems become more and more widespread. Especially in the field of smart environments, such as smart homes, the systems are communicating with each other. If wireless communication is used, security becomes important. This paper explores to what extent salted hashes might be used on tiny embedded systems to provide message authentication. To this end, this paper uses two very different microcontrollers for calculating salted hases using SHA-1 and SHA-256. The execution times vary between 2.5 and 160 milliseconds, which is fast enough to provide user responses in time.

关键词： Microcontrollers Vectors Encryption Digital signatures Smart homes Wireless communication

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Metamaterials: Active Control of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Analog in Terahertz MEMS Metamaterial (Advanced Optical Materials 4/2016)

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Advanced Optical Materials 2016年第4期4卷

作者： Prakash Pitchappa Manukumara Manjappa Chong Pei Ho Ranjan Singh Navab Singh Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute Suzhou 215123 China Institute of Microelectronics Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 11 Science Park Road Singapore Science Park II Singapore 117685 Singapore Division of Physics and Applied Physics Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore

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Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic Package for Lab-on-CMOS applied in Cell Viability Monitoring

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Procedia engineering 2015年 120卷 1079-1082页

作者： Niina Halonen Joni Kilpijärvi Maciej Sobocinski Timir Datta-Chaudhuri Antti Hassinen Someshekar B. Prakash Peter Möller Pamela Abshire Elisabeth Smela Sakari Kellokumpu Anita Lloyd Spetz Microelectronics and Materials Physics Laboratories Department of Electrical Engineering P.O. Box 4500 FI-90014 University of Oulu Finland Laboratory for MicroTechnologies Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Institute for Systems Research A. James Clark School of Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Integrated Biomorphic Information System Laboratory Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and the Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine University of Oulu P.O. Box 5400 FI-90014 University of Oulu Finland Advanced Design Organization Intel Corporation Hillsboro USA Division of Applied Sensor Science Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology Linköping University SE-58183 Linköping Sweden

Lab-on-CMOS chips (LOCMOS) are sophisticated miniaturized analysis tools based on integrated circuit (IC) microchips performing various laboratory functions. We have developed a low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) package for a LOCMOS application regarding cytotoxicity assessment of nanomaterials. The LTCC packaged capacitance sensor chip is designed for long-term cell viability monitoring during nanoparticle exposure. The introduced LTCC package utilizes the flip chip bonding technique, and it is biocompatible as well as able to withstand the environmental conditions required to maintain mammalian cell culture directly on the surface of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit.

关键词： Lab-on-CMOS low temperature co-fired ceramics electronics packaging cytotoxicity assesment capacitance sensing

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Survey on real-time communication via ethernet in industrial automation environments

Survey on real-time communication via ethernet in industrial...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Peter Danielis Jan Skodzik Vlado Altmann Eike Bjoern Schweissguth Frank Golatowski Dirk Timmermann Joerg Schacht Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany Max Planck Institute of Plasma Physics Greifswald Germany

For companies in the automation industry, the development of real-time Ethernet to connect devices is of high economic interest to replace conventional fieldbus systems. Therefore, many approaches for adapting Ethernet to real-time requirements come from industrial applications. This is a challenging task as the original Ethernet standard IEEE 802.3 was not designed for real-time data transmission. Likewise, protocols basing on Ethernet like TCP, UDP, and IP do typically not consider real-time requirements. Hence, adaptations on several OSI layers become necessary to make the industrial system meet hard real-time requirements. For this purpose, a multitude of realtime capable Industrial Ethernet systems has been developed, which solve the problems of standard Ethernet- and TCP/IP- or UDP/IP-based communication in a variety of ways. This paper gives a summary of different Industrial Ethernet protocols for the real-time data transmission via Ethernet in automation environments. Advantages and disadvantages of these protocols are analyzed with regard to their sustainability in terms of their realtime capability, reliability, scalability, self-configuration of the network, and hardware requirements. Against the background of connected devices tremendously growing in number and computational power in the prospective “Industrial Internet”, consequences for future developments are drawn.

关键词： Protocols Standards IP networks Hardware Data communication Real-time systems Automation

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25th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting CNS-2016, Seogwipo City, South Korea, July 2-7, 2016 Abstracts

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BMC NEUROSCIENCE 2016年第1期17卷 1-112页

作者： [Anonymous] Computational Neurobiology Laboratory The Salk Institute for Biological Studies San Diego USA UNIC CNRS Gif sur Yvette France The European Institute for Theoretical Neuroscience (EITN) Paris France ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories Kyoto Japan Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Canada Department of Physiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Medicine (Neurology) University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Physics University of New Hampshire Durham USA Department of Neurophysiology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Warsaw Poland Department of Theory Wigner Research Centre for Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary Department of Mathematical Sciences KAIST Daejoen Republic of Korea Department of Mathematics University of Houston Houston USA Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology and Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering Rice University Houston USA Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Houston Houston USA Grupo de Neurocomputación Biológica Dpto. de Ingeniería Informática Escuela Politécnica Superior Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles USA Center for Neuroscience Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea Department of Neurology Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx USA Center for Neuroscience KIST Seoul South Korea Department of Neuroscience University of Science and Technology Daejon South Korea Systems Neuroscience Group QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston Australia Department of Psychology Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Department of Psychiatry Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong Seoul South Korea Department of Psychiatry Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School Brockton USA Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkvil

A1 Functional advantages of cell-type heterogeneity in neural circuits Tatyana O. Sharpee A2 Mesoscopic modeling of propagating waves in visual cortex Alain Destexhe A3 Dynamics and biomarkers of mental disorders Mitsuo Kawato F1 Precise recruitment of spiking output at theta frequencies requires dendritic h-channels in multi-compartment models of oriens-lacunosum/moleculare hippocampal interneurons Vladislav Sekulić, Frances K. Skinner F2 Kernel methods in reconstruction of current sources from extracellular potentials for single cells and the whole brains Daniel K. Wójcik, Chaitanya Chintaluri, Dorottya Cserpán, Zoltán Somogyvári F3 The synchronized periods depend on intracellular transcriptional repression mechanisms in circadian clocks. Jae Kyoung Kim, Zachary P. Kilpatrick, Matthew R. Bennett, Kresimir Josić O1 Assessing irregularity and coordination of spiking-bursting rhythms in central pattern generators Irene Elices, David Arroyo, Rafael Levi, Francisco B. Rodriguez, Pablo Varona O2 Regulation of top-down processing by cortically-projecting parvalbumin positive neurons in basal forebrain Eunjin Hwang, Bowon Kim, Hio-Been Han, Tae Kim, James T. McKenna, Ritchie E. Brown, Robert W. McCarley, Jee Hyun Choi O3 Modeling auditory stream segregation, build-up and bistability James Rankin, Pamela Osborn Popp, John Rinzel O4 Strong competition between tonotopic neural ensembles explains pitch-related dynamics of auditory cortex evoked fields Alejandro Tabas, André Rupp, Emili Balaguer-Ballester O5 A simple model of retinal response to multi-electrode stimulation Matias I. Maturana, David B. Grayden, Shaun L. Cloherty, Tatiana Kameneva, Michael R. Ibbotson, Hamish Meffin O6 Noise correlations in V4 area correlate with behavioral performance in visual discrimination task Veronika Koren, Timm Lochmann, Valentin Dragoi, Klaus Obermayer O7 Input-location dependent gain modulation in cerebellar nucleus neurons Maria Psarrou, Maria Schilstra, Neil Davey, Benjamin Torben-Ni

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