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Automatic Detection of the Electrical Elicited Stapedius Reflex by Evaluation of Its Electromyographic Signals

engineering（科研） 2014年第4期6卷 169-176页

作者： Ralf Warmuth Martin Behrens Martin Behrens Rüdiger Dahl Karsten Ehrt Hans Wilhelm Pau Ralf Salomon Department of Exercise Science University of Rostock Rostock Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany Medical School ENT Department University of Rostock Rostock Germany

This paper provides a first preliminary description of the dependencies between the stapedius muscle’s behavior and its neuronal activation with the adjustment of cochlear implants in mind. For that, stapedial electromyography (EMG) data are compared with EMG data which were derived from the quadriceps femoris muscle. The rationale behind is, that the stapedius muscle is classified as a striated skeletal muscle as the quadriceps femoris muscle is. Thus, the stapedius should expose a behavior which is similar to that of peripheral skeletal muscles. The stapedial reactions were provoked with contralateral acoustic stimulation and ipsilateral electrical stimulation, respectively. The data from the quadriceps femoris muscle were evoked voluntarily. The correlation of the derived data and their stimuli have shown the following main key points: 1) The stapedius muscle behaves like a regular skeletal muscle;2) The stapedius muscle exhibits an extended range in which the muscle’s force is linear to the stimulation;3) On both sides of the linear regime, the stapedius muscle exhibits a sigmoidal behavior.

关键词： Stapedius Reflex Cochlear Implant Automatic Adjustment Electromyography Stapedial Reaction

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Analysis of Laser-Diode and Lamp Optical Pumping for a Rubidium Beam

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第2期30卷 69-73页

作者： GUO Jian WANG Yan-Hui Institute of Quantum Electronics School of Electronics Engineering and Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871 Department of Applied Electronic Engineering School of Software and MicroelectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 102600

The time evolution of populations of the ground state hyperfine Zeeman levels of ^(87)Rb atoms is analyzed using the Runge-Kutta method for the case that a rubidium beam is optically pumped,under different conditions of polarization,with a weak monochromatic laser and an ^(87)R *** the base of the results above,the least estimated laser and ^(87)R lamp power for the best population inversion is obtained,aiding further investigations.

关键词： polarization pumped laser

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Time synchronization in the DHT-based P2P network Kad for real-time automation scenarios

Time synchronization in the DHT-based P2P network Kad for re...

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2013 IEEE 14th International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks, WoWMoM 2013

作者： Skodzik, Jan Danielis, Peter Altmann, Vlado Timmermann, Dirk University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock 18051 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467358279

In this paper, an approach to synchronize the P2P network Kad to be applied in automation scenarios is presented. The approach bases on a deterministic algorithm to synchronize the network, which is required for hard real-time applications. Todays Industrial Ethernet solutions include and support machine to machine communication in automation scenarios. However, instead of allowing direct communication, the communication relies on centralized structures, which are deficient in resilience and scalability However, instead of allowing direct communication, the communication relies on centralized structures. The presented decentralized approach benefits from nodes helping to synchronize the network. However, the higher the number of helping nodes the higher is the time deviation on the nodes of the network, which contrary results in a higher time error. Therefore, a trade-off between synchronization performance and time error has to be determined to meet predefined constraints depending on the application scenario. Moreover, the individual clock drift of every device is considered to define necessary re-synchronization intervals of the network. Additionally, the optimum number of nodes to synchronize the Kad based network has been identified and the resulting synchronization performance and generated traffic are determined. Furthermore, an approach is presented to handle the dynamic churn of nodes. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Automation

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Where are My Colleagues and Why? Tracking Multiple Persons in Indoor Environments

Where are My Colleagues and Why? Tracking Multiple Persons i...

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International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE)

作者： Frank Krüger Martin Kasparick Thomas Mundt Thomas Kirste Mobile Multimedia Information Systems Group University of Rostock Rostock Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany Research Group on Information and Communication Services University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Imagine an office environment equipped with infrared presence sensors for light control as modern buildings offer. Several persons might be moving in this environment independently from each other. Potential questions arising here are: Which rooms are occupied?", "How many persons are in room 123?", or "Where is John?". In this paper we present an information fusion approach based on causal models. Prior knowledge is used to solve the simultaneous identification and multi target tracking problem. Based on an experimental setting, we show that the proposed approach enables tracking up to five persons. Furthermore, we discuss potential applications in the domain of fire service or monitoring of elderly people.

关键词： Sensors Hidden Markov models Probabilistic logic Bayes methods Libraries Computational modeling Buildings

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Dynamic task mapping onto multi-core architectures through stream rewriting

Dynamic task mapping onto multi-core architectures through s...

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International Conference on Embedded computer Systems: Architectures, Modeling and Simulation (IC-SAMOS)

作者： Lars Middendorf Christian Zebelein Christian Haubelt Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479901043

Task graphs provide an efficient model of computation for specification, analysis, and implementation of concurrent applications. In this paper, we present a novel approach for mapping the class of series-parallel task graphs onto multi-core architectures based on pattern matching. Both the topology of the graph and the state of the tasks are encoded as a stream of tokens, which is iteratively rewritten at multiple positions in parallel. Hence, our technique is most useful for compute-intensive applications that must adapt to frequently varying and unpredictable workload at runtime. Several complex examples have been evaluated on a multi-core architecture and the experimental results show the effectiveness of our approach.

关键词： Multicore processing Computational modeling Runtime Program processors Synchronization Pattern matching

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A system for live localization in smart environments

A system for live localization in smart environments

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IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control

作者： Benjamin Wagner Björn Striebing Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

The localization and tracking of users is an important part of sensing in smart environments. Superimposed intention recognition systems often rely on accurate user positions. In device-free localization systems (DFL) users do not need to wear any hardware in order to be located. In RF systems they can be localized using the changes in signal strength measured on static communication links. Recent work has shown that a combination of completely passive RFID hardware and a tomographic imaging approach can achieve a mean location error as low as 0.3 m in a post-processed validation. This work presents a system which is able to track the user in a live (online) mode with a constant frame rate while maintaining high accuracy. Conducting data from a demonstration setup the proposed system is able to locate users with a frame rate as low as 500 ms and a mean location error of 0.3 m.

关键词： Transponders Radiofrequency identification Antennas Antenna measurements Attenuation Tomography

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Optimization of ad hoc device and service discovery in large scale networks

Optimization of ad hoc device and service discovery in large...

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IEEE Symposium on computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Vlado Altmann Peter Danielis Jan Skodzik Frank Golatowski Dirk Timmermann University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany

Device and service discovery is an essential part of automation networks in order to ensure the interoperability of devices and Plug&Play functionalities. Embedded Web services such as Devices Profile for Web Services are an upcoming technology for building and factory automation. For ad hoc discovery, the WS-Discovery standard is used. This approach avoids single points of failures. However, it shows low scalability due to static response time values. The rising number of devices leads to an increasing network load and especially to an increasing device processing load as a result of the discovery process. In this work, we evaluate the issues of ad hoc service discovery and suggest an optimized algorithm for dynamic data rate reduction in large scale networks. Moreover, the suggested improvements allow reducing peak data rates by more than 50% for constant timing parameters. Using the suggested approach, the ad hoc discovery can be applied in any network size. The desired peak data rates or response times of the system can be significantly reduced and dynamically adjusted according to the desired values. This approach guarantees a scalable ad hoc discovery mechanism and is backward compatible with legacy equipment.

关键词： Delays Ad hoc networks IP networks Optimization Scalability Estimation

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A Highly Integrable FPGA-Based Runtime-Configurable Multilayer Perceptron

A Highly Integrable FPGA-Based Runtime-Configurable Multilay...

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International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA)

作者： Jan Skodzik Vlado Altmann Benjamin Wagner Peter Danielis Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

In this paper, a highly integrable Field Programmable Gate Array-based hardware design of multilayer perceptron as a realization of an artificial neural network is presented. Such a hardware solution ensures a deterministic behavior required for any hard real-time compositions. The integration into existing systems is achieved by the application of UDP/IP. %A developed protocol enables the hardware solution to act as a stand-alone device with no need for an additional host PC. Additionally, the presented design is highly flexible due to a parameterizable multilayer perceptron approach. However, most reconfigurations usually require a hard coded reimplementation, resynthesis, and the download of a new bit file to the target platform, which also requires an additional host PC. Contrary with the presented solution, it is possible to configure the multilayer perceptron's parameters during runtime via a software interface. This approach allows the multilayer perceptron to be adapted to nearly any application. The developed design combines the flexibility of a software solution to generate and comfortably reconfigure the multilayer perceptron as well as the high performance of a hardware solution. %The investigation of hardware utilization and performance of a running prototype stützt%Finally, the hardware utilization and performance are investigated. As proof of concept, a running prototype has been realized, which shows the design to be highly flexible and with good performance while the hardware resource consumption is kept minimal.

关键词： Neurons Hardware Transfer functions Software Field programmable gate arrays Biological neural networks Artificial neural networks

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Extensive analysis of a Kad-based distributed storage system for session data

Extensive analysis of a Kad-based distributed storage system...

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IEEE Symposium on computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Jan Skodzik Peter Danielis Vlado Altmann Dirk Timmermann University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany

The P2P-based system for the distributed storing of session data of Internet service providers' access nodes called P2P-based storage platform is presented. Session data is continuously changing due to customers connected to access nodes, i.e., it is highly volatile. However, it has to be stored persistently as it is required for data forwarding, traffic filtering, and deriving statistics. Failing access nodes must be able to restore their data after reentering the network. Today, the session data is stored in the access nodes' flash memory, which is limited in life time and size and intended for other purposes. Contrary, the P2P-based storage platform allows to store session data in the access nodes' available RAMs connected by the distributed hash table-based P2P network Kad. A Kad network consisting of 8,000 access nodes for distributed storage of session data is setup for simulation. The simulation results show the traffic overhead to be minimal, linear scalability, and prove the high availability of the stored session data.

关键词： Random access memory Peer-to-peer computing Scalability Computational modeling Web and internet services Multiplexing

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Centralized traffic monitoring for online-resizable clusters in Networks-on-Chip

Centralized traffic monitoring for online-resizable clusters...

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International Workshop on Reconfigurable Communication-Centric Systems-on-Chip (ReCoSoC)

作者： Philipp Gorski Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Runtime-based traffic monitoring is one of the most essential system services for modern many-core platforms. It ensures self-awareness of the current system load and enables other runtime mechanisms, like application mapping and adaptive routing, to optimize workload operations. While Networks-on-Chip introduced a scalable and massively parallel communication infrastructure for the growing number of on-chip resources, scalable traffic monitoring becomes a key concern. A high degree of runtime adaptivity at different system layers comes with the costs that monitored system states need to be available at different locations, scopes and resolutions. Furthermore, many-core systems with hundreds of resources will be less single purpose and run workloads composed of various application domains, traffic and timing characteristics. Thus, the monitoring operations should be adaptive to consider this variability and provide customizable behavior. In the work at hand, a runtime configurable and cluster-based traffic monitoring is proposed. Our experiments show that in maximum 2% hardware overhead per tile in an 8×8 NoC is needed to enable online resizable clustering of up to 64 IP cores, centralized traffic monitoring of all path and link loads inside these clusters at resolutions of 1%, and configurable monitoring timing adjustment in a range of 10 3 to 10 5 clock cycles.

关键词： Monitoring Radiation detectors Timing Hardware Runtime IP networks

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